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Invasive ant learning is not affected by seven potential neuroactive chemicals

Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 87-97页

作者： Henrique Galante tomer j.czaczkes Department of Zoology and Evolutionary Biology Animal Comparative Economics LaboratoryUniversity of Regensburg93053 Regensburg Germany

Argentine ants Linepithema humile are one of the most damaging invasive alien species worldwide.Enhancing or disrupting cognitive abilities,such as learning,has the potential to improve management efforts,for example by increasing preference for a bait,or improving ants'ability to learn its characteristics or location.Nectar-feeding insects are often the victims of psychoactive manipulation,with plants lacing their nectar with secondary metabolites such as alkaloids and non-protein amino acids which often alter learning,foraging,or recruitment.However,the effect of neuroactive chemicals has seldomly been explored in ants.Here,we test the effects of seven potential neuroactive chemicals-two alkaloids:caffeine and nicotine;two biogenic amines:dopamine and octopamine,and three nonprotein amino acids:β-alanine,GABA and taurineon the cognitive abilities of invasive L.humile using bifurcation mazes.Our results confirm that these ants are strong associative learners,requiring as little as one experience to develop an association.However,we show no short-term effect of any of the chemicals tested on spatial learning,and in addition no effect of caffeine on short-term olfactory learning.This lack of effect is surprising,given the extensive reports of the tested chemicals affecting learning and foraging in bees.This mismatch could be due to the heavy bias towards bees in the literature,a positive result publicationbias,ordifferences inmethodology.

关键词： associativelearning caffeine memory neuroactivechemicals

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Exciton fine structure in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 417-423页

作者： Sudipta Kundu tomer Amit H.R.Krishnamurthy Manish jain Sivan Refaely-Abramson Centre for Condensed Matter Theory Department of PhysicsIndian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot 7610001Israel Present address:Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Moirésuperlattices of transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)heterostructures give rise to rich excitonic phenomena associated with the interlayer twist angle.Theoretical calculations of excitons in such systems are typically based on model moirépotentials that mitigate the computational cost.However,predictive understanding of the electron-hole coupling dominating the excitations is crucial to realize the twist-induced modifications of the optical selection rules.In this work,we use many-body perturbation theory to evaluate the relation between twist angle and exciton properties in TMD heterostructures.We present an approach for unfolding excitonic states from the moiréBrillouin zone onto the separate-layer ones.Applying this method to a large-angle twisted MoS^(2)/MoSe^(2) bilayer,we find that the optical spectrum is dominated by mixed electron–hole transitions with different momenta in the separate monolayers,leading to unexpected hybridization between interlayer and intralayer excitons.Our findings offer a design pathway for exciton layer-localization in TMD heterostructures.

关键词： twisted twist transition

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Molecular aspects of eye development and regeneration in the Australian redclaw crayfish,Cherax quadricarinatus

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2019年第1期4卷 27-36页

作者： tomer Ventura Michael j.Stewart jennifer C.Chandler Bronwyn Rotgans Abigail Elizur Alex W.Hewitt GeneCology Research Centre Faculty of ScienceHealthEducation and EngineeringUniversity of the Sunshine CoastSunshine CoastQueensland 4556Australia Lions Eye Institute University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern Australia 6330Australia School of Medicine Menzies Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTasmania 7005Australia

The compound eye evolved over 500 million years ago and enables mosaic vision in most arthropod species.The molecular regulation of the development of the compound eye has been primarily studied in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster.However,due to the nature of holometabolous insects halting growth after their terminal metamorphosis into the adult form,they lack the capacity to regenerate.Crustaceans,unlike holometabolous insects,continue to grow during adulthood,achieved through regular shedding of their exoskeleton,in a cyclic process known as molting.This therefore offers crustaceans as a highly suitable model to study ocular regeneration in the adult arthropod eye.We have assessed the regenerative capacity of the retinal section of the Cherax quadricarinatus(red-claw crayfish)eye,following ablation and successive post-metamorphic molts.This work then provides a transcriptomic description of the outer,pigmented retinal tissue(the ommatidia and lamina ganglionaris)and the basal,non-pigmented neuroendocrine ocular tissue(the X-organ Sinus Gland complex,hemiellipsoid body and optic nerve).Using comparative analysis,we identified all the transcripts in the C.quadricarinatus ocular transcriptome that are known to function in compound eye development in D.melanogaster.Differentially and uniquely transcribed genes of the retina are described,suggesting proposed mechanisms that may regulate ocular regeneration in decapod Crustacea.This research exemplifies the application C.quadricarinatus holds as an optimal model to study the regulation of ocular regeneration.Further in-depth transcriptomic analyses are now required,sampled throughout the regeneration process to better define the regulatory mechanism.

关键词： Ocular development Regeneration Compound eye Crustacean Cherax quadricarinatus Transcriptome

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Water cycling under contrasting annual-perennial plant systems in agricultural landscapes in the Midwestern U.S.

Water cycling under contrasting annual-perennial plant syste...

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第三世界生态高峰会

作者： M.j.Helmers H.Asbiomsen R.Kolka M.tomer Iowa State University Ames IA USDA Forest Service.Grand Rapids.MN ARS National Soil Tilth Lab Ames.IA

Over a century of agricultural expansion and intensification in the Midwest region of the United States has transformed landscapes that were historically dominated by prairies,woodlands,savanna,and

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脑动静脉畸形的处理：美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会对医疗卫生专业人员发布的科学声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2017年第8期25卷 684-708页

作者： Colin P. Derdeyn Gregory j. Zipfel Felipe C. Albuquerque Daniel L. Cooke Edward Feldmann jason P. Sheehan james C. tomer 盖延廷王威简新革檀书斌李彦江彭方强刘旻谛宋冬雷不详冬雷脑科医生集团上海200040

背景本声明旨在复习目前脑动静脉畸形（brain arteriovenous malformations，bAVMs）的临床资料，为破裂或未破裂bAVMs的诊断和治疗提供建议。方法写作组通过面谈和电话会议的方式确定搜索关键词，讨论描述性文字和制定建议。作者通过Pu... 详细信息

背景本声明旨在复习目前脑动静脉畸形（brain arteriovenous malformations，bAVMs）的临床资料，为破裂或未破裂bAVMs的诊断和治疗提供建议。方法写作组通过面谈和电话会议的方式确定搜索关键词，讨论描述性文字和制定建议。作者通过PubMed、Medline或Embase完成各自相关章节的文献检索，时间截止到2015年1月底。声明草稿由同行评议专家以及卒中委员会科学监督委员会和卒中委员会领导委员会进行预先审查。结果本科学声明的重点细分为流行病学、诊断、自然史、治疗方案（包括开颅手术、立体定向放射外科和栓塞治疗的作用）以及破裂和未破裂bAVMs的处理，并且确定了需要更多证据支持的领域。结论bAVMs是一种相对少见但非常重要的出血性卒中病因，尤其是在年轻成人中。本声明描述了目前关于破裂和未破裂bAVMs的自然史和治疗方法的知识现状，同时提供了处理建议以及对将来研究的提示。

关键词： AHA科学声明动静脉畸形脑出血诊断栓塞治疗颅内出血神经外科放射外科

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未来的劳动结构──结构转变迫使形成新的劳动关系

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工业工程与管理 1997年第4期2卷 15-18页

作者： H.-j.Bullinger R.Ilg S.Zinser 宋新新德国弗朗霍夫劳动经济和组织研究所德国斯图加特大学劳动经济和技术管理研究所

首先，结构转变是与产品品种的变化相关。顾客要求在短时间内得到他个人所需要的产品以及与此相应的“全套服务”。如同适合于服务性行业那样，这也适合于传统意义上的商品。其次，生产商和销售商不再同时束缚于国家和文化的界限。可以... 详细信息

首先，结构转变是与产品品种的变化相关。顾客要求在短时间内得到他个人所需要的产品以及与此相应的“全套服务”。如同适合于服务性行业那样，这也适合于传统意义上的商品。其次，生产商和销售商不再同时束缚于国家和文化的界限。可以在世界各地购买产品，并且只要当地的资源合理，便可在那里生产。因此，信息、通信和市场研究起着越来越重要的作用．

关键词：劳动结构结构转变劳动组织

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