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Evidence for the effect of brief exposure to food,but not learning interference,on maze solving in desert ants

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 704-714页

作者： tomer gilad Arik DORFMAN Aziz SUBACH Romain LIBBRECHT Susanne FOITZIK Inon SCHARF School of Zoology The George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany

Theories of forgetting highlight 2 active mechanisms through which animals forget prior knowledge by recipro-cal disruption of *** to“proactive interference,”information learned previously interferes with the acquisition of new information,whereas“retroactive interference”suggests that newly gathered information interferes with already existing *** goal was to examine the possible effect of both mechanisms in the desert ant Cataglyphis niger,which does not use pheromone recruitment,when learning spatial information while searching for food in a *** experiment indicated that neither proactive nor retroactive interference took place in this system although this awaits conﬁrmation with individual-level learning ***,the ants’persistence or readiness to search for food grew with successive runs in the *** persistence led to more ant workers arriving at the food when retested a day later,even if the maze was shifted between *** support thisﬁnding in a second experiment,where ant workers reached the food reward at the maze end in higher numbers after encountering food in the maze entry compared to a treatment,in which food was present only at the maze *** result suggests that spatial learning and search persistence are 2 parallel behavioral mechanisms,both assisting foraging *** suggest that their relative contribution should depend on habitat complexity.

关键词： binary-tree maze desert ants forgetting memory motivation

The combined role of visual and olfactory cues in foraging by Cataglyphis ants in laboratory mazes

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 401-408页

作者： tomer gilad Ori Bahar Malak Hasan Adi Bar Aziz Subach Inon Scharf School of Zoology George S Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv University69978 Tel AvivIsrael

Foragers use several senses to locate food,and many animals rely on vision and *** is beneficial not to rely on a single sense,which might fail under certain *** examined the contribution of vision and smell to foraging and maze exploration under laboratory conditions using Cataglyphis desert ants as a *** intensity,measured as the number of workers entering the maze and arriving at the target as well as target arrival time,were greater when food,blue light,or both were offered or presented in contrast to a *** trained to forage for a combined food and light cue elevated their foraging intensity with ***,foraging intensity was not higher when using both cues simultaneously than in either one of the two *** training,we split between the two cues and moved either the food or the blue light to the opposite maze *** manipulation impaired foraging success by either leading to fewer workers arriving at the target cell(when the light stayed and the food was moved)or to more workers arriving at the opposite target cell,empty of food(when the food stayed and the light was moved).This result indicates that ant workers use both senses when foraging for food and readily associate light with food.

关键词： binary-tree maze desert ants diet choice foraging sensual modality spatial learning

Context-dependent effects of cold stress on behavioral, physiological,and life-history traits of the red flour beetle

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 142-153页

作者： Inon Scharf Keren-Or Wertheimer Joy Lira Xin tomer gilad Inna Goldenberg Aziz Subach School of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences &Steinhardt Museum of Natural HistoryTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Animals are exposed in nature to a variety *** stress is generally harmful,mild stress can also be beneficial and contribute to reproduction and *** studied the effect of five cold shock events versus a single cold shock and a control group, representing three levels of stress (harsh,mild,and no stress),on behavioral,physiological, and life-history traits of the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum,Herbst 1797).Beetles exposed to harsh cold stress were less active than a control group:they moved less and failed more frequently to detect a food *** probability to mate was also lower. Beetle pairs exposed to harsh cold stress frequently failed to reproduce at all,and if reproducing,females laid fewer eggs,which were,as larvae in mid-development,smaller than those in the control ***,harsh cold stress led to improved female starvation tolerance,probably due to enhanced lipid *** cold shock also improved tolerance to an additional cold shock compared to the ***,a single cold shock event negatively affected fewer measured response variables than the harsh cold stress, but also enhanced neither starvation tolerance nor tolerance to an additional cold shock. The consequences of a harsher cold stress are thus not solely detrimental but might even enhance survival under stressful *** benign conditions,nevertheless,harsh stress impedes beetle *** harsh stress probably shifted the balance point of the survival-reproduction trade-off,a shift that did not take place following exposure to mild stress.

关键词： chill-coma recovery time cross-tolerance latency to mate maternal effects thermal ecology Tribolium castaneum

The value of spatial experience and group size for ant colonies in direct competition

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 241-250页

作者： Aziz Subach Bar Avidov Arik Dorfman Darar Bega tomer gilad Mark Kvetny May Hershkovitz Reshef Susanne Foitzik Inon Scharf School of Zoology George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv/srael Department of Geophysics Faculty of Exact SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainzGermany

Animals often search for food more efficiently with ***,the contribution of experience toforaging success under direct competition has rarelybeen *** we used colonies of an individually foraging desert ant to investigate the value of spatial ***,we trained worker groups of equal numbers to solve either a complex or a simple *** then tested pairs of both groups against one another in reaching a food *** task required solving the same complex maze that one of the groups had been trained in,to determine which group would exploit better the food *** worker groups previously trained in the complex mazes reached the food reward faster and more of these workers fed on the food than those trained in simple mazes,but only in the intermediate size *** determine the relative importance of group size versus spatial experience in exploiting food patches,we then tested smaller trained worker groups against larger untrained *** larger groups outcompeted the smaller ones,despite the latter's advantage of spatial *** contribution of spatial experience,as found here,appears to be small,and depends on group size:an advantage of a few workers of the untrained group over the trained group negates its benefits.

关键词： Cataglyphis colony size dominance-discovery trade-off learning maze solving social insects