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Brain Processing of Fearful Facial Expression in Mentally Disordered Offenders

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第3期1卷 115-123页

作者： Katarina Howner Hakan Fischer Thomas Dierks Andrea Federspiel Lars-Olof Wahlund tomas jonsson Maria Kristoffersen Wiberg Marianne Kristiansson Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden NVS-Department Karolinska InstituteStockholmSweden Department of Psychology Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden Department of Psychiatric Neurophysiology University Hospital for PsychiatryBernSwitzerland Department of Clinical Science Intervention and TechnologyKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden

Emotional facial expressions are important cues for interaction between people. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain function when processing fearful facial expressions in offenders with two psychiatric disorders which include impaired emotional facial perception;autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychopathy (PSY). Fourteen offenders undergoing forensic psychiatric assessment (7 with ASD, and 7 psychopathic offenders) and 12 healthy controls (HC) viewed fearful and neutral faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activity (fearful versus neutral faces) was compared both between HC and offenders and between the two offender groups (PSY and ASD). Functional co-activation was also investigated. The offenders had increased activity bilaterally in amygdala and medial cingulate cortex as well as the left hippocampus during processing fearful facial expressions compared to HC. The two subgroups of offenders differed in five regions compared with each other. Results from functional co-activation analysis suggested a strong correlation between the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the left hemisphere only in the PSY group. These findings suggest enhanced neural processing of fearful faces in the amygdala as well as in other facial processing brain areas in offenders compared to HC. Moreover, the co-activation between amygdala and ACC in the PSY but not the ASD group suggested qualitative differences in amygdala activity in the two groups. Since the sample size is small the study should be regarded as a pilot study.

关键词： Psychopathy Autism Spectrum Disorder Offenders fMRI Emotional Facial Processing

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Brain Processing of Fearful Facial Expression in Mentally Disordered Offenders

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2011年第3期

作者： Katarina Howner H？kan Fischer Thomas Dierks Andrea Federspiel Lars-Olof Wahlund tomas jonsson Maria Kristoffersen Wiberg Marianne Kristiansson

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A simulation study of airborne wear particles from laboratory wheel-rail contacts

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Particuology 2016年第5期14卷 31-42页

作者： Hailong Liu Lage Tord Ingemar jonsson Par Goran jonsson KTH-Royal Institute of Technology Division of Applied Process Metallurgy Department of Materials Science and Engineering SE-100 44 StockholmSweden FOI SWedish Defence Research Agency Division of CBRN De fence and Security 5E-901 82 Umed Sweden

Laboratory measurements of airborne particles from sliding contacts are often performed using a tri- bometer located in a ventilation chamber. Although knowledge of particle transport behavior inside the chamber is required because it can influence the analysis of measurements, this knowledge is lacking. A numerical model was built based on the same geometry as a pin-on-disc measurement system to explain particle transport behavior inside the chamber and to determine the deviation between real amounts of generated and measured particles at the outlet. The effect of controlled flow conditions on the airflow pattern and particle transport inside the chamber was studied for different experimental conditions. Cal- culations show that a complex airflow pattern is formed by the spinning disc, and that it differs for each rotational speed. Simulation results reveal that particle transport in the chamber is governed mainly by the airflow pattern. The deposition velocity in the chamber was estimated and the possibility that part of the generated particles would remain in the chamber was studied. This led to an approximate estima- tion of particle loss rate. A comparison between experimental and simulated results with respect to the particle mass flow rate close to the outlet yields a reference factor of 0.7, which provides an indication of the difference between measured and real values.

关键词： Airborne particles Particle transport Concentration Particle loss rate Deposition velocity

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Determining short chain fatty acids in sewage sludge hydrolysate: A comparison of three analytical methods and investigation of sample storage effects

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 926-933页

作者： Victor Ibrahim Tobias Hey Karin jonsson VA SYD SE-201 21 Malmo Sweden Water and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Lund University SE-21100 Lund Sweden

In anaerobic digestion, the production of short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） can be beneficial or harmful to the overall process, depending on the concentration of accumulated acids. Therefore, the accurate determination of the SCFA concentration in both fresh and stored sludge hydrolysates is important. To select a suitable method for monitoring SCFAs during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, the accuracy of three available analytical methods, including 5 pH point acid titration （TITRA5）, gas chromatography （GC）, and spectrophotometry, were compared in the present study. The results revealed that TITRA5 and GC displayed better agreement in the achieved measurements and higher precision and accuracy than the spectrophotometric assay, as supported by the application of different statistical models. TITRA5 excelled in titrating unfiltered hydrolysate while simultaneously measuring the alkalinity, whereas the GC method provided detailed information on the contribution of different fatty acids to the total acidity. In contrast, the spectrophotometric assay suffered from many forms of interference, depending on the sample＇s matrix. SCFA production followed the pattern of enzymatic reactions and fitted the Michaelis-Menten model. In addition to promoting TITRA5 as an accurate and robust analytical tool for routine SCFA analyses, this comparative study also demonstrated the possibility of storing hydrolysate samples at different temperatures and durations without altering the SCFA measurements.

关键词： five pH point titration gas chromatography spectrophotometry short-chain fatty acids sludge hydrolysis sample storage

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The effects of temperature and resource availability on denitrification and relative N_(2)O production in boreal lake sediments

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第9期28卷 82-90页

作者： Maria Myrstener Anders jonsson Ann-Kristin Bergstrom Department of Ecology and Environmental Science Umea University90187 UmeaSweden

Anthropogenic environmental stressors（like atmospheric deposition,land use change,and climate warming） are predicted to increase inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon loading to northern boreal lakes,with potential consequences for denitrification in ***,our ability to predict effects of these changes is currently limited as northern boreal lakes have been largely neglected in denitrification *** aim of this study was therefore to assess how maximum potential denitrification and N_2O production rates,and the relationship between the two（relative N_2O production）,is controlled by availability of nitrate（NO_3^-）,carbon（C）,phosphorus（P）,and *** were performed using the acetylene inhibition technique on sediments from a small,nutrient poor boreal lake in northern Sweden in *** potential denitrification and N_2O production rates at 4°C were reached already at NO_3^-additions of 106–120 μg NO_3^-–N/L,and remained unchanged with higher NO_3 *** incubation temperatures increased maximum potential denitrification and N_2O production rates,and Q10 was somewhat higher for N_2O production（1.77） than for denitrification（1.69）.The relative N_2O production ranged between 13% and 64%,and was not related to NO_3^-concentration,but the ratio increased when incubations were amended with C and P（from a median of 16% to 27%）.Combined,our results suggests that unproductive northern boreal lakes currently have low potential for denitrification but are susceptible to small changes in NO_3 loading especially if these are accompanied by enhanced C and P availability,likely promoting higher N_2O production relative to N_2.

关键词： Acetylene NO3 Carbon DOC Nitrous oxide ratio Sediment

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Effects of Additional Rifle-Carriage Training on Physiological Markers and Roller-Skiing Performance in Well-Trained Biathletes

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第3期3卷 292-302页

作者： Malin jonsson Karstrom Kerry McGawley Marko S.Laaksonen Department of Health Science Swedish Winter Sports Research CentreMid Sweden UniversityÖstersundSweden

Purpose The purpose was to investigate whether an increased amount of training while carrying the rifle affects skiing in well-trained biathletes at submaximal and maximal workloads during a pre-season period lasting a minimum of 12 *** Seventeen well-trained biathletes(9 females,8 males)were assigned to an intervention(IG,n=10)or control(CG,n=7)***(T1)and after(T2)the training intervention all participants performed,using treadmill roller-skiing,a submaximal test without the rifle on one day and two submaximal workloads and a maximal time trial(TT)with the rifle on a subsequent *** T1 and T2 all participants performed a minimum of 12 weeks of normal training,the only difference between groups being that IG performed more of their training sessions carrying the *** IG performed more training compared to CG(15.4±1.1 vs.11.2±2.6 h/week,P<0.05),including a higher amount of training with the rifle(3.1±0.6 vs.1.1±0.3 h/week,P<0.001).Speed at 4 mmol/L of blood lactate increased significantly for CG from T1 to T2(P=0.028),while only tended to increase for IG(P=0.058).Performance during the TT,VO2max and the aerobic metabolic rate increased significantly from T1 to T2,although the differences disappeared when including the speed at baseline as a *** According to the present results,increasing training while carrying the rifle by 2 h/week does not appear to improve skiing performance in well-trained *** addition,physiological markers at submaximal and maximal intensities while carrying the rifle were not affected after the training intervention.

关键词： Anaerobic energy contribution Gross efficiency Lactate threshold Nordic skiing Oxygen uptake Training intervention

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Ultrasensitive electrolyte-assisted temperature sensor

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npj Flexible Electronics 2020年第1期4卷 203-209页

作者： Mina Shiran Chaharsoughi Jesper Edberg Peter Andersson Ersman Xavier Crispin Dan Zhao Magnus P.jonsson Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and TechnologyLinköping UniversitySE-60174NorrköpingSweden RISE Research Institutes of Sweden Bio-and Organic ElectronicsBredgatan 3360221NorrköpingSweden

Heat sensors form an important class of devices that are used across multiple fields and *** applications such as electronic skin and health monitoring,it is particularly advantageous if the output electronic signals are not only high,stable,and reproducible,but also self-generated to minimize power ***,we present an ultrasensitive heat sensing concept that fulfills these criteria while also being compatible with scalable low-cost manufacturing on flexible *** concept resembles a traditional thermocouple,but with separated electrodes bridged by a gel-like electrolyte and with orders of magnitudes higher signals(around 11 mV K^(−1)).The sensor pixels provide stable and reproducible signals upon heating,which,for example,could be used for heat *** modification to plasmonic nanohole metasurface electrodes made the sensors capable of also detecting light-induced ***,we present devices on flexible substrates and show that they can be used to detect human touch.

关键词： electrolyte sensor heating

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Environmental mercury exposure, semen quality and reproductive hormones in Greenlandic Inuit and European men： a cross-sectional study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 97-104页

作者： Emina Mocevic Ina O Specht Jacob L Marott Aleksander Giwercman Bo AG jonsson Gunnar Toft Thomas Lundh Jens Peter Bonde Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Sk~ne University Hospital Malm6 Lund University Malm6 SE-20502 Sweden Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund SE-22185 Sweden Department of Occupational Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus DK-8000 Denmark

Several animal studies indicate that mercury is a male reproductive toxicant, but human studies are few and contradictory. We examined semen characteristics and serum levels of reproductive hormones in relation to environmental exposure to mercury. Blood and semen samples were collected from 529 male partners of pregnant women living in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine between May 2002 and February 2004. The median concentration of the total content of mercury in whole blood was 9.2 ng ml-1 in Greenland （0.2- 385.8 ng ml-1）, 1.0 ng m1-1 in Poland （0.2-6.4 ng ml-z） and 1.0 ng ml-I in Ukraine （0.2-4.9 ng ml-1）. We found a significantly positive association between the blood levels of mercury and serum concentration of inhibin B in men from Greenland （p=0.074, 95% confidence interval （CI）=0.021 to 0.126） and in an analysis including men from all three regions （p=0.067, 95% C1=0.024 to O. 110）. The association may be due to beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFAs）, which are contained in seafood and fish. No significant association （P〉O.05） was found between blood concentrations of mercury and any of the other measured semen characteristics （semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, morphology and motility） and reproductive hormones （free androgen index {FAI）, follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, luteinizing hormone （LH）, testosterone and LH xtestosterone） in any region. In conclusion, the findings do not provide evidence that environmental mercury exposure in Greenlandic and European men with median whole blood concentration up to 10 ng m1^-1 has adverse effects on biomarkers of male reproductive health.

关键词： blood mercury concentration environmental mercury exposure male fertility reproduction reproductive hormones semen characteristics semen quality

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中瑞普通高校体育特点的比较研究

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成都体育学院学报 2002年第1期28卷 56-59页

作者：杨薇 Jinhun jonsson 甘肃政法学院体育部甘肃兰州730070 LueatekniskaUniversite

采用比较法 ,对中国、瑞典两国普通高校体育特点进行比较 ,发现 :中瑞普通高校体育活动的形式、体育场馆的结构与使用、学生体育健身意识与体育消费、体育教师 (教练 )、体育项目、校代表队等方面的差异较大 ,并得出对我国学校体育改革... 详细信息

采用比较法 ,对中国、瑞典两国普通高校体育特点进行比较 ,发现 :中瑞普通高校体育活动的形式、体育场馆的结构与使用、学生体育健身意识与体育消费、体育教师 (教练 )、体育项目、校代表队等方面的差异较大 ,并得出对我国学校体育改革的几点建议。

关键词：高校体育体育特点大学生

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Life Cycle Assessment and Life Cycle Cost of Waste Management—Plastic Cable Waste

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2014年第2期4卷 221-232页

作者： Mats Zackrisson Christina jonsson Elisabeth Olsson Energy and Environment Group Department of MaterialsSwerea IVF ABMolndalSweden

The main driver for recycling cable wastes is the high value of the conducting metal, while the plastic with its lower value is often neglected. New improved cable plastic recycling routes can provide both economic and environmental incentive to cable producers for moving up the “cable plastic waste ladder”. Cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment, LCA, of the waste management of the cable scrap is suggested and explained as a method to analyze the pros and cons of different cable scrap recycling options at hand. Economic and environmental data about different recycling processes and other relevant processes and materials are given. Cable producers can use this data and method to assess the way they deal with the cable plastic waste today and compare it with available alternatives and thus illuminate the improvement potential of recycling cable plastic waste both in an environmental and in an economic sense. The methodology applied consists of: cradle-to-gate LCA for waste material to a recycled material (recyclate);quantifying the climate impact for each step on the waste ladder for the specific waste material;the use of economic and climate impact data in parallel;climate impact presented as a span to portray the insecurities related to which material the waste will replace;and possibilities for do-it-yourself calculations. Potentially, the methodology can be useful also for other waste materials in the future.

关键词： Cable Recycling Life Cycle Assessment LCA Life Cycle Cost LCC Economic Analysis Climate Impact Waste Recycling

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