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Cross-sectional evaluation of circulating hepatitis B virus RNA and DNA: Different quasispecies?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7144-7158页

作者： Selene garcia-garcia Maria Francesca Cortese David Tabernero Josep Gregori Marta Vila Beatriz Pacín Josep Quer Rosario Casillas Laura Castillo-Ribelles Roser Ferrer-Costa Ariadna Rando-Segura Jesús Trejo-Zahínos tomas Pumarola Ernesto Casis Rafael Esteban Mar Riveiro-Barciela Maria Buti Francisco Rodríguez-Frías Clinical Biochemistry Research Group Department of BiochemistryVall d'Hebron Institut Recerca-Hospital Universitari Vall d'HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Liver Unit Liver Disease Laboratory-Viral HepatitisVall d'Hebron Institut Recerca-Hospital Universitari Vall d'HebronVall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Liver Pathology Unit Departments of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyHospital Universitari Vall d’HebronUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain Department of Microbiology Hospital Universitari Vall d'HebronVall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital CampusBarcelona 08035Spain Liver Unit Department of Internal MedicineHospital Universitari Vall d'HebronUniversitat Autónoma de BarcelonaBarcelona 08035Spain

BACKGROUND Different forms of pregenomic and other hepatitis B virus(HBV)RNA have been detected in patients’*** circulating HBV-RNAs may be useful for monitoring covalently closed circular DNA activity,and predicting hepatitis B eantigen seroconversion or viral rebound after nucleos(t)ide analog *** on serum HBV-RNA quasispecies,however,is *** is therefore important to develop methodologies to thoroughly analyze this quasispecies,ensuring the elimination of any residual *** circulating HBV-RNA quasispecies may facilitate achieving functional cure of HBV *** To establish a next-generation sequencing(NGS)methodology for analyzing serum HBV-RNA and comparing it with DNA *** Thirteen untreated chronic hepatitis B patients,showing different HBV-genotypes and degrees of severity of liver disease were enrolled in the study and a serum sample with HBV-DNA>5 Log10 IU/mL and HBV-RNA>4 Log10 copies/mL was taken from each ***-RNA was treated with DNAse I to remove any residual DNA,and the region between nucleotides(nt)1255-1611 was amplified using a 3-nested polymerase chain reaction protocol,and analyzed with ***/conservation and complexity was compared between HBV-DNA and RNA *** No HBV-DNA contamination was detected in cDNA samples from HBV-RNA *** quasispecies complexity showed heterogeneous behavior among *** Rare Haplotype Load at 1%was greater in DNA than in RNA quasispecies,with no statistically significant differences(P=0.1641).Regarding conservation,information content was equal in RNA and DNA quasispecies in most nt positions[218/357(61.06%)].In 102 of the remaining 139(73.38%),HBV-RNA showed slightly higher *** window analysis identified 4 hyper-conserved sequence fragments in each quasispecies,3 of them coincided between the 2 quasispecies:nts 1258-1286,1545-1573 and *** 2 hyper-variable sequence fragments also coincid

关键词： Hepatitis B virus RNA Hepatitis B X gene Quasispecies Next-generation sequencing Quasispecies conservation Quasispecies complexity

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GBP-WAHSN:A Group-Based Protocol for Large Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第3期23卷 461-480页

作者： Jaime Lloret Miguel garcia Jesus Tomás Fernando Boronat Department of Communications Polytechnic University of ValenciaCamino Vera s/n46022ValenciaSpain

Grouping nodes gives better performance to the whole network by diminishing the average network delay and avoiding unnecessary message forwarding and additional overhead. Many routing protocols for ad-hoc and sensor networks have been designed but none of them are based on groups. In this paper, we will start defining group-based topologies, and then we will show how some wireless ad hoc sensor networks （WAHSN） routing protocols perform when the nodes are arranged in groups. In our proposal connections between groups are established as a function of the proximity of the nodes and the neighbor＇s available capacity （based on the node＇s energy）. We describe the architecture proposal, the messages that are needed for the proper operation and its mathematical description. We have also simulated how much time is needed to propagate information between groups. Finally, we will show a comparison with other architectures.

关键词： group-based protocol group-based architecture group-based routing algorithm large networks

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Effluent Zero Release Concept-The Brazilian Experience

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过程工程学报 2006年第4期6卷 691-696页

作者： José Carlos Mierzwa Sandra Mara garcia Bello Ivanildo Hespanhol Hydraulic and Sanitation Eng.Dept. Univ.Sao PauloAv.Prof.Almeida Prado83 SoPauloBrazil CEP:05508-900 Navy Technologic Center in Sao Paulo Av.Prof.Lineu Prestes2468 SoPauloBrazilCEP:05508-900

Water scarcity is pushing the government,industries and researchers to the development of new strategies for water and wastewater *** approach aimed at the optimization of the water use and minimization of effluent generation was developed at the Centro Experimental ARAMAR(CEA),a nuclear research facility,located in the State of Sao Paulo,*** scale tests followed by a pilot plant treating effluents from some nuclear research facilities have shown the results leading to the conclusion that the effluent zero release concept is *** on the gathered data,a project of an integrated effluent treatment system focusing on water recovery and environmental effluent release reduction has been developed.

关键词： effluent wastewater treatment zero release

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Gyrokinetic simulation of low-n Alfvénic modes in tokamak HL-2A plasmas

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第2期32卷 358-365页

作者：林文浩李继全 J garcia S Mazzi Southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041China CEA IRFM13108Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance EPFL Swiss Plasma CenterLausanneSwitzerland

The turbulence characteristics of plasmas with internal transport barriers in the HL-2A tokamak are analyzed by means of linear gyrokinetic simulations. It is found that turbulence is dominated by the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode together with large-scale modes characterized by high-frequency electromagnetic fluctuation, which are destabilized by the steep ion temperature gradient in the weak magnetic shear regime. Comparison with solutions of analytical dispersion relations shows that their linear features match well with the beta-induced Alfvén eigenmode branch of the shear Alfvénic spectrum. It is further clarified that the large population of fast ions in these plasmas plays a stabilization role through the dilution mechanism in high-n ITG mode regimes.

关键词： low-n Alfvénic modes fast ions gyrokinetic simulation tokamak

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Molybdenum carbide as catalyst in biomass derivatives conversion

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 68-87,I0003页

作者： Xiangze Du Rui Zhang Dan Li Changwei Hu Hermenegildo garcia Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistrySichuan UniversityChengdu 610064SichuanChina Instituto Universitario de Tecnología Química Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas.-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaUniversitat Politecnica de ValenciaAv.De los Naranjos s/nValencia 46022Spain Department of Chemistry University of HelsinkiA.I.Virtasen Aukio 1P.O.Box 5500014Finland

The present energy dilemma in conjunction with the adverse environmental impacts caused by fossil fuel combustion motivates researchers to seek for new renewable energy with minimal CO_(2)*** a practice pathway,it is of significance to produce biofuel and platform chemicals from sustainable biomass ***,the research and development of high-efficiency catalysts remain one key scientific *** the catalysts developed,transition metal carbides,especially molybdenum carbide,show promising performances on biomass-based *** efforts have been made in past few decades on tuning the structure and electronic property of molybdenum carbide via controlling particle size and morphology,metal and nonmetal doping and vacancies,*** review summarizes recent developments of molybdenum carbide as catalysts in converting biomass into fuel,mainly focused on the preparation methods,the structure-dependent effects and the electronic *** controllable selective cleavage of C-C,C-O and C-H bonds over modified molybdenum carbides that has been demonstrated in the conversion of biomass feedstocks is then *** addition,the possible deactivation mechanisms of molybdenum carbide are also presented in the *** review provides systematic and fundamental information for the further design and development of molybdenum carbide for the conversion of biomass resources.

关键词： Molybdenum carbide Synthesis Modification Hydrogenation Biomass Selective cleavage

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Oxidative dissolution of Cr(OH)_(3) and mixed Fe-Cr(Ⅲ)phases by aqueous Mn(Ⅲ)-pyrophosphate complex

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 105-113页

作者： Mismel Ruiz-garcia Jordan Stanberry Giovanna Ballerini Ribeiro Vasileios Anagnostopoulos Department of Chemistry University of Central FloridaOrlando FL 32816USA

The key role of manganese(Mn)in the biogeochemical cycle of trace elements has been of great interest in recent ***,the redox properties of aqueous Mn(Ⅲ)have been studied to a lesser ***(Ⅲ)is not stable in solution by ***,when complexed with inorganic ligands,it has shown potential to oxidize and reduce trace *** the present study,we are exploring the redox characteristics of the complex Mn(Ⅲ)-Pyrophosphate(Mn(Ⅲ)-PP).This complex is stable over a wide range of pH values but requires the ratio of Mn:PP to be less than 1:***,the redox reaction of chromium(Cr(Ⅲ))and Mn(Ⅲ)-PP is investigated.A solid,Cr(OH)_(3),is used as a source of Cr(Ⅲ).For this reaction,environmentally relevant parameters,such as pH,ionic strength,ratio Mn(Ⅲ)/Cr(Ⅲ),and excess of ligand,were *** showed that Mn(Ⅲ)can effectively oxidize Cr(Ⅲ)to Cr(Ⅵ),taking about 15 days for the reaction to *** reaction occurs only under acidic conditions(pH4),and with a low excess of *** initial Mn(Ⅲ)concentration decreases as the Cr(Ⅵ)is produced,and Cr(Ⅵ)can be adsorbed back into the Cr(OH)_(3)surface,limiting the mobility of this toxic *** this adsorption,significant amounts of Cr(VI)are release in the aqueous *** study shows the importance of a mobile species(Mn-PP complex)in the oxidation of Cr(Ⅲ)and the release of Cr(Ⅵ)to the environment.

关键词： Chromium Manganese Pyrophosphate complex Sorption Ionic strength Redox

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No-go decay as a novel route to restrict viral infection in plants

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Molecular Plant 2023年第3期16卷 509-510页

作者： Aude Poucleti Dominique Gagliardil Damien garcia institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes CNRSUniversite de Strasbourg StrasbourgFrance

Plants use several layers of defense to detect and combat viruses(Figure 1).Specialized host-encoded receptors sense viral virulence effector proteins and induce a signal transduction cascade,leading to effector-triggered immunity(Lopez-Gomollon and Baulcombe,2022).Plants also use several RNA-based processes to seek and destroy viral *** major pathway restricting viral multiplication is RNA silencing,a widely conserved mechanism of gene extinction that uses dsRNA to produce 21 to 24 nucleotides small interfering RNAs and guide viral RNA degradation(Lopez-Gomollon and Baulcombe,2022).

关键词： immunity restrict infection

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Visual analytics tool for the interpretation of hidden states in recurrent neural networks

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2021年第1期4卷 233-245页

作者： Rafael garcia Tanja Munz Daniel Weiskopf VISUS University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany

In this paper,we introduce a visual analytics approach aimed at helping machine learning experts analyze the hidden states of layers in recurrent neural *** technique allows the user to interactively inspect how hidden states store and process information throughout the feeding of an input sequence into the *** technique can help answer questions,such as which parts of the input data have a higher impact on the prediction and how the model correlates each hidden state configuration with a certain *** visual analytics approach comprises several components:First,our input visualization shows the input sequence and how it relates to the output(using color coding).In addition,hidden states are visualized through a nonlinear projection into a 2-D visualization space using t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding to understand the shape of the space of the hidden *** are also employed to show the details of the evolution of the hidden state ***,a time-multi-class heatmap matrix visualizes the evolution of the expected predictions for multi-class classifiers,and a histogram indicates the distances between the hidden states within the original *** different visualizations are shown simultaneously in multiple views and support brushing-and-linking to facilitate the analysis of the classifications and debugging for misclassified input *** demonstrate the capability of our approach,we discuss two typical use cases for long short-term memory models applied to two widely used natural language processing datasets.

关键词： Visual analytics Visualization Machine learning Classification Recurrent neural networks Long shortterm memory Hidden states Interpretability Natural language processing Nonlinear projection

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Data model extension for security event notification with dynamic risk assessment purpose

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第11期56卷 36-44页

作者： David LOPEZ Oscar PASTOR Luis Javier garcia VILLALBA Group of Analysis Security and Systems (GASS) Department of Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (DISIA) School of Computer Science Universidad Complutense Madrid 28040 Spain

Dynamic risk assessment refers to a risk management framework where frequent updates of risk evaluation information are used to evaluate risk exposure,as close as possible to *** this paper,we present the incident object description exchange format extended model for dynamic risk *** format attempts to overcome the absence of integration and real-time communication between security systems and risk assessment *** model is based on the incident object definition exchange format,which is commonly used in the computer security incident response teams *** data model aims to facilitate a global vision of information systems risk by supplying real-time security events data to risk assessment tools based on renowned *** present a proof-of-concept scenario to demonstrate the usefulness of this integration and the proposed data model,and discuss the expected improvements.

关键词： dynamic risk assessment risk management DRA IODEF-DRA IODEF.

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Optimal heat release shaping in a reactivity controlled compression ignition （RCCI） engine

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Control Theory and Technology 2017年第2期15卷 117-128页

作者： Carlos GUARDIOLA Benjamin PLA Antonio garcia Vicente BORONAT CMT-Motores Termicos Universitat Politecnica de Valencia Valencia Spain

The present paper addresses the optimal heat release （HR） law in a single cylinder engine operated under reactivity controlled compression ignition （RCCl） combustion mode to minimise the indicated specific fuel consumption （ISFC） subject to different constraints including pressure related limits （maximum cylinder pressure and maximum cylinder pressure gradient）. With this aim, a 0-dimensional （OD） engine combustion model has been identified with experimental data. Then, the optimal control problem of minimising the ISFC of the engine at different operating conditions of the engine operating map has been stated and analytically solved. To evaluate the method viability a data-driven model is developed to obtain the control actions （gasoline fraction） leading to the calculated optimal HR, more precisely to the optimal ratio between premixed and diffusive combustion. The experimental results obtained with such controls and the differences with the optimal HR are finally explained and discussed.

关键词： Diesel engine RCCI combustion analysis optimal control

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