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Continuous and comprehensive atmospheric observations in Beijing:a station to understand the complex urban atmospheric environment

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Big Earth Data 2020年第3期4卷 295-321页

作者： Yongchun Liu Chao Yan Zemin Feng Feixue Zheng Xiaolong Fan Yusheng Zhang Chang Li Ying Zhou Zhuohui Lin Yishou Guo Ying Zhang Li Ma Wenshuo Zhou Zhikun Liu Lubna Dada Kaspar Dallenbach Jenni Kontkanen Runlong Cai tommy Chan Biwu Chu Wei Du Lei Yao Yonghong Wang Jing Cai Juha Kangasluoma tom kokkonen Joni Kujansuu Anton Rusanen Chenjuan Deng Yueyun Fu Rujing Yin Xiaoxiao Li Yiqun Lu Yiliang Liu Chaofan Lian Dongsen Yang Weigang Wang Maofa Ge Yuesi Wang Douglas R.Worsnop Heikki Junninen Hong He veli-Matti Kerminen Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jingkun Jiang Tuukka Petaja Federico Bianchi Markku Kulmala Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution ComplexSchool of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Environmental Science&Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Aerodyne Research Inc. BillericaMassachusettsUSA Institute of Physics University of TartuTartuEstonia Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina

Due to profound impact on climate and human health,air quality has attracted attention from all levels of the civil *** key step in the provision of required tools for the society to tackle the complex air quality problem is to characterize it in a comprehensive manner with a long-term ***,we describe a continuous and comprehensive observation station and its accompanying state-ofthe-art instrumentation that was established to investigate the complex urban atmospheric environment in a rapidly developing Chinese *** station,located in downtown Beijing,aims to study air quality by identifying the major atmospheric pollutants and key processes determining their formation and loss mechanisms.A few hundreds of parameters are continuously measured with the state-of-the-art instruments,including trace gas concentrations,aerosol particle size distributions,and mass concentrations,covering aerosol particle chemical composition from molecules to micrometer-sized aerosol *** produced long-term,comprehensive big data with around 1�10^(11)bytes per *** this paper,we provide an overview on the facilities of the station,the instrumentation used,the workflow of continuous observations and examples of results from 2018 to 2019 and a basis for establishing a modern long-term,comprehensive atmospheric urban observation station in other megacities.

关键词： Continuous and comprehensive atmospheric observation air pollution complex photochemical smog haze new particle formation

Bacteremia Caused by <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>: Epidemiologic Features, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Outcomes

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2014年第1期4卷 66-71页

作者： tom Chiang Mina Pastagia David B. Huang Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark USA Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis and Immunology The Rockefeller University New York USA

Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia is becoming more prevalent and is associated with increasing morbidity and mortality. Escalating antibacterial resistance further contributes to therapeutic dilemmas, enhanced infection control support and poorer outcomes in patients infected with these bacteria. A retrospective analysis of patients whose blood cultures produced A. baumannii from January 2007 through January 2013 was performed. Data regarding the epidemiologic features, antimicrobial susceptibility and outcomes of patients with A. baumannii bacteremia were collected and analyzed. Sixty A. baumannii isolates each from a different patient were identified. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (≥3) was the greatest among patients with multi-drug resistance (MDR) compared to intermediate drug resistance (IDR) and pan-sensitive (PS) A. baumannii. The mean APACHE II scores for MDR, IDR and PS A. baumannii bacteremia were 21, 15 and 11, respectively (P v. PS). Seventy-three percent of the isolates were resistant to quinolones, 44% to piperacillin/tazobactam, 45% to amikacin, 22% to imipenem, 0% to ticarcillin/clavulanate, and 0% to polymyxin. Among 28 patients with MDR A. baumannii bacteremia, 20 received inadequate empiric treatment, and 16 of these patients died (80%). Of the remaining eight patients with MDR bacteremia who received adequate empiric antibiotics, only two died (25%). The severity of underlying illness, degree of antibiotic resistance and receiving inadequate initial antibiotic therapy are associated with mortality among patients with bacteremia due to A. baumannii.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteremia

Resolving the taxonomy of emerging zoonotic pathogens in the Trichophyton benhamiae complex

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Fungal Diversity 2020年第5期104卷 I0001-I0055页

作者： AdélaČmoková Miroslav Kolařík Radim Dobiáš Lois L.Hoyer Helena Janouškovcová Rui Kano Ivana Kuklová Pavlína Lysková Lenka Machová Thomas Maier Naďa Mallátová Matěj Man Karel Mencl Pietro Nenoff Andrea Peano Hana Prausová Dirk Stubbe Silke Uhrlaß tomášvětrovský Cornelia Wiegand vit Hubka Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism Institute of MicrobiologyCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Public Health Institute in Ostrava OstravaCzech Republic Department of Biomedical Sciences Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OstravaOstravaCzech Republic Department of Pathobiology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen Biomedical CenterCharles UniversityPilsenCzech Republic Department of veterinary Dermatology Nihon University College of Bioresource SciencesFujisawaJapan Department of Dermatology and venereology First Faculty of MedicineGeneral University Hospital in PragueCharles University and General University Hospital in PraguePragueCzech Republic Public Health Institute inÚstíNad Labem PragueCzech Republic Microbiological Laboratory/R&D Bioanalytics Bruker Daltonik GmbHBremenGermany Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Mycology HospitalČeskéBudějoviceČeskéBudějoviceCzech Republic Institute of Botany Czech Academy of SciencesPrůhoniceCzech Republic Pardubice Regional Hospital PardubiceCzech Republic Laboratory of Medical Microbiology MölbisGermany Department of veterinary Sciences University of TurinTurinItaly Clinical veterinary Laboratory Labvet PragueCzech Republic Mycology and Aerobiology Service SciensanoBrusselsBelgium Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of MicrobiologyCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Department of Dermatology University Hospital JenaJenaGermany

Species of the Trichophyton benhamiae complex are predominantly zoophilic pathogens with a worldwide *** pathogens have recently become important due to their epidemic spread in pets and pet *** genetic and phenotypic variability has been revealed in these emerging pathogens,but the species limits and host spectra have not been clearly *** this study,we used an approach combining phylogenetic analysis based on four loci,population-genetic data,phenotypic and physiological analysis,mating type gene characterization and ecological data to resolve the taxonomy of these *** approach supported the inclusion of nine taxa in the complex,including three new species and one new *** benhamiae *** ***.(“yellow phenotype”strains)is currently a major cause of zoonotic tinea corporis and capitis in Europe(mostly transmitted from guinea pigs).The isolates of the“white phenotype”do not form a monophyletic group and are segregated into three taxa,*** ***(mostly North America;dogs),*** ***.(mostly Europe;guinea pigs),and *** ***.(predominant in East Asia but also found in Europe;rabbits and guinea pigs).The new species *** *** proposed for the“African”race of *** introduction to new geographic areas and host jump followed by extinction of one mating type gene have played important roles in the evolution of these *** to considerable phenotypic similarity of many dermatophytes and phenomena such as incomplete lineage sorting or occasional hybridization and introgression,we demonstrate the need to follow polyphasic approach in species *** evolving and noncoding DNA regions showed significantly higher discriminatory power compared to conventional protein-coding *** options for species identification in practice based on molecular markers,phenotype and MALDI-TOF spectra are presented.A microsatellite typi

关键词： Epizootic fungal infections Microsatellite typing scheme Multigene phylogeny Population genetic structure Superficial skin infections Zoophilic dermatophytes

Biochar application to temperate grasslands:challenges and opportunities for delivering multiple ecosystem services

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 574-584页

作者： Robert W.Brown David R.Chadwick tom Bott Helen M.West Paul Wilson Genevieve R.Hodgins Colin E.Snape Davey L.Jones School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorLL572UWGwyneddUK School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLoughboroughLE125RDUK Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamJubilee CampusNottinghamNG72TUUK Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteSoilsWestMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia

Grasslands(natural,semi-natural and improved)occupy approximately one-third of the terrestrial biosphere and are key for global ecosystem service provision,storing up to 30%of soil organic carbon(SOC).To date,most research on soil carbon(C)sequestration has focused on croplands where the levels of native soil organic matter(SOM)are typically low and significant potential exists to replenish SOM ***,with the renewed push to achieve“net zero”C emissions by 2050,grasslands may offer an additional C store,utilising tools such as ***,we critically evaluate the potential for biochar as a technology for increasing grassland C stocks,identifying a number of practical,economic,social and legislative challenges that need to be addressed before the widescale adoption of biochar may be *** critically assess the current knowledge within the field of grassland biochar research in the context of ecosystem service provision and provide opinions on the applicability of biochar as an amendment to different types of grassland(improved,semi-improved and unimproved)and the potential effect on ecosystem provision using a range of application techniques in the topsoil and *** concluded that the key question remains,is it possible for managed grasslands to store more C,without causing a loss in additional ecosystem services?To address this question future research must take a more multidisciplinary and holistic approach when evaluating the potential role of biochar at sequestering C in grasslands to mitigate climate change.

关键词： Pastureland Carbon storage Greenhouse gas emissions Offsetting

凝练的建筑西班牙巴塞罗那Teresa Pàmies文化中心

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室内设计与装修 2013年第11期 70-75页

作者： víctor Rahola Aguadé Jorge vidal tomás 丁小楼

这个文化中心的设计有着令人亲近的距离,它的设计通透敞亮,无论是从室内布局,还是从室外的设计来看,都有着透明的质感.中心外面的街景有着巴塞罗那特有的城市特色,所以中心的外立面采用了大面积的玻璃幕墙,方便光线引入的同时,也不遮挡... 详细信息

这个文化中心的设计有着令人亲近的距离,它的设计通透敞亮,无论是从室内布局,还是从室外的设计来看,都有着透明的质感.中心外面的街景有着巴塞罗那特有的城市特色,所以中心的外立面采用了大面积的玻璃幕墙,方便光线引入的同时,也不遮挡人们的视线,一举两得.

关键词：巴塞罗那文化中心西班牙建筑室内布局城市特色玻璃幕墙设计

Trends in treatment and overall survival among patients with proximal esophageal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第47期25卷 6835-6846页

作者： Judith de vos-Geelen Sandra ME Geurts Liselot BJ valkenburg-van Iersel Evelien JM de Jong vivianne CG Tjan-Heijnen Margreet van Putten valery EPP Lemmens Heike I Grabsch Nadia Haj Mohammad Frank JP Hoebers Chantal v Hoge Paul M Jeene Hanneke WM van Laarhoven tom Rozema Marije Slingerland Grard AP Nieuwenhuijzen Department of Internal Medicine Division of Medical OncologyGROW-School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands Department of Research Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization(IKNL)Eindhoven 5612 HZNetherlands Department of Pathology GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands Pathology and Data Analytics Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James”sUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Oncology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht 3584 CXNetherlands Department of Radiation Oncology(MAASTRO clinic) GROW-School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6229 ETNetherlands Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyMaastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6202 AZNetherlands Department of Radiotherapy RadiotherapiegroepDeventer 7416 SENetherlands Department of Medical Oncology Amsterdam University Medical CentersUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands Department of Radiotherapy Insituut VerbeetenTilburg 5042 SBNetherlands Department of Medical Oncology Leiden University Medical CenterLeiden 2333 ZANetherlands Department of Surgery Catharina Hospital EindhovenEindhoven 5623 EJNetherlands Department of Public Health Erasmus Medical Center RotterdamRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

BACKGROUND The management of proximal esophageal cancer differs from that of tumors located in the mid and lower part of the esophagus due to the close vicinity of vital ***-surgical treatment options like radiotherapy and definitive chemoradiation(CRT)have been *** trends in(non-)surgical treatment and its impact on overall survival(OS)in patients with proximal esophageal cancer are unclear,related to its rare disease *** optimize treatment strategies and counseling of patients with proximal esophageal cancer,it is therefore essential to gain more insight through real-life *** To establish trends in treatment and OS in patients with proximal esophageal *** In this population-based study,patients with proximal esophageal cancer diagnosed between 1989 and 2014 were identified in the Netherlands Cancer *** proximal esophagus consists of the cervical esophagus and the upper thoracic section,extending to 24 cm from the *** in radiotherapy,chemotherapy,and surgery,and OS were *** were stratified by presence of distant *** Cox proportional hazards regression analyses was performed to assess the effect of period of diagnosis on OS,adjusted for patient,tumor,and treatment *** In total,2783 patients were *** the study period,the use of radiotherapy,resection,and CRT in non-metastatic disease changed from 53%,23%,and 1%in 1989-1994 to 21%,9%,and 49%in 2010-2014,*** metastatic disease,the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy increased over *** OS of the total population increased from 7.3 mo[95%confidence interval(CI):6.4-8.1]in 1989-1994 to 9.5 mo(95%CI:8.1-10.8)in 2010-2014(logrank Pved from 5%(95%CI:3%-7%)in 1989-1994 to 13%(95%CI:9%-17%)in 2010-2014(logrank Pvariable regression analysis demonstrated a significant treatment effect over time on ***

关键词： Esophagus Esophageal cancer Proximal Cervical Upper thoracic Trends Treatment Survival Outcome

Physiotherapist-led home-based physical activity program versus community group exercise for middle-aged adults: Quasi-experimental comparison

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第2期3卷 229-237页

作者： Nicole Freene Gordon Waddington Wendy Chesworth Rachel Davey tom Cochrane Centre for Research & Action in Public Health Faculty of Health University of Canberra Bruce Australia Faculty of Health University of Canberra Bruce Australia Physiotherapy Faculty of Health University of Canberra Bruce Australia

Objectives: Program method, program deliverer and participant preference may be important factors in increasing physical activity adherence and program effectiveness. To investigate this, we compared two physical activity interventions in middle-aged adults. Methods: Using a pragmatic quasi-experimental design, sedentary community dwelling 50 - 65 year olds (n = 2105) were recruited to a non-randomized 6-month community group exercise program (n = 93) or a physiotherapist-led home-based physical activity program (n = 65). The primary outcome was physical activity adherence derived from exercise diaries. Secondary outcomes included the Active Australia Survey, aerobic capacity (step- test), quality of life (SF-12v2), blood pressure, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index. Results: Home-based participants were more likely to be younger, working full-time and not in a relationship (p Thirty-three percent of the group participants attended ≥ 70% of group exercise sessions. Ninety percent of home-based participants received ≥ 4 of the planned 6 telephone support calls. Intention-to-treat analysis found adherence to the physical activity sessions prescribed was the same for both interventions (26% ± 28% vs. 28% ± 35%). Both interventions significantly increased the number of participants achieving self-reported “sufficient” physical activity (p ≤ 0.001) and significantly decreased waist circumference (p vity program, requiring few resources, appears to have increased the adoption of physical activity and adherence to physical activity program requirements for sedentary middle-aged adults. The home-based program, providing equivalent health benefits to the group exercise program, may be particularly suitable for those not interested in or unable to attend a group exercise program. Clinical Trial Registration number Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Regist

关键词： Physiotherapy Home-Based Physical Activity Adoption Adherence Middle-Aged

vertical Gallium Nitride Power Devices：Current Status and Prospects

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电力电子技术 2017年第8期51卷 49-52页

作者： ZHANG Yu-hao PALACIOS tomas Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 United States

A comprehensive review on the current status and prospects of vertical gallium nitride(GaN) power devices is *** paper starts with an introduction of the market potential for GaN power devices, and presents a comparison between lateral and vertical GaN power ***, different high-performance vertical GaN power devices are introduced, including diodes and transistors on free-standing GaN substrates and low-cost Si *** paper is concluded by elucidating the research and commercialization prospects in developing several key components of vertical GaN power *** relatively new area has only been explored for 3-5 years, but already seen the demonstration of a series of successful vertical power devices that outperformed lateral GaN power devices and conventional Si power *** are tremendous research opportunities regarding materials, physics, devices and system-level integrations of vertical GaN power *** vertical GaN power devices show great potential for >600 v level high-current,high-voltage and high-power applications.

关键词：氮化镓电力设备技术创新功率

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长期胃肠疾病患儿局部免疫反应增强

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 9-10页

作者： kokkonen J. Holm K. Karttunen T.J. MkiM . 李开 Department of Paediatrics Oulu University HospitalPO Box 23FIN -90029 OysOuluFinland

Aim :Recently,we reported typical endoscopic findings and an increment in γδ+ Tcells in the foregut among children with food-sensitive enteropathy other than coeliac *** find outthe extend to which the upregulation of the local immune response might explain gastrointestinal (GI)complaints of the foregut,we sought to exam ine by the increm ent in γδ+ T cells a 1-y consecutive series of children referred for recurrent G I com plaints to a ter- tiary-levelhospital.M ethods:A 1-y cohort of 102chil- dren scheduled for gastroduodenoscopy were exam ined for m ucosalhistology and the densities ofCD3+,αβ+ and γδ+ T-cell subsets from m id-duodenal specim *** final diagnostic categories were used in analysing the data. Results:Fifteen subjects showed villous atrophy and a high γδ+ T-cell density;the finding being com patible with coeliac disease (CD ).Atthe otherextrem e,20subjects in whom diagnostic G I diseases were ruled out showed low densities and served as *** subjects reporting GI symptom s after an open food challenge with m ilk and /or cereals (n = 18)as well as children rem ittingwith am ilk-or cereal-elim inating diet but not responding to a challenge (n = 23)also expressed significantly higher densities ofγδ+ T cells than the *** all,45of102 children could be considered to have an elevated γδ+ T-cell density as an indication of locally activated im m une re- sponse. Lack of villous architecture and lym phonodular hyperplasia of the duodenal bulb as an endoscopie finding and atopic derm atitis but not the presence of D Q2alleles showed a close association with these increased densities. Conclusion:Considering thatan elevated incidence ofj6+ T cells is an indication of m ucosal response against lum inal antigens,up to halfthe children with prolonged G I sym p- tom s have im m une m ediated disorder;CD and food allergy being the m ostobvious clinicalentities.

关键词：疾病患儿免疫反应细胞密度组织学检查食物过敏前肠细胞亚群免疫应答反复发作者免疫性疾病