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A new implementation of FLEXPART with Enviro-HIRLAM meteorological input,and a case study during a heavy air pollution event

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Big Earth Data 2024年第2期8卷 397-434页

作者： Benjamin Foreback Alexander Mahura Petri Clusius Carlton Xavier Metin Baykara Putian Zhou Tuomo Nieminen victoria Sinclair veli-Matti Kerminen tom v.kokkonen Simo Hakala Diego Aliaga Risto Makkonen Alexander Baklanov Roman Nuterman Men Xia Chenjie Hua Yongchun Liu Markku Kulmala Pauli Paasonen Michael Boy Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Division of Nuclear Physics Department of PhysicsLund UniversityLundSweden Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute(SMHI) Research DepartmentUnit of Meteorology/Environment and ClimateNorrköpingSweden Climate and Marine Sciences Department Eurasia Institute of Earth SciencesIstanbul Technical UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland Department of Meteorology(MISU)and Bolin Centre for Climate Research Stockholm UniversityStockholmSweden Climate System Research Unit Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland Science and Innovation Department World Meteorological Organization(WMO)GenevaSwitzerland Niels Bohr Institute University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina School of Engineering Science Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology(LUT)LappeenrantaFinland Atmospheric Modelling Centre Lahti Lahti University CampusLahtiFinland

We integrated Enviro-HIRLAM(Environment-High Resolution Limited Area Model)meteorological output into FLEXPART(FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model).A FLEXPART simulation requires meteorological input from a numerical weather prediction(NWP)*** publicly available version of FLEXPART can utilize either ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts)Integrated Forecast System(IFS)forecast or reanalysis NWP data,or NCEP(*** Center for Environmental Prediction)Global Forecast System(GFS)forecast or reanalysis NWP *** primary benefits of using Enviro-HIRLAM are that it runs at a higher resolution and accounts for aerosol effects in meteorological *** compared backward trajectories gener-ated with FLEXPART using Enviro-HIRLAM(both with and without aerosol effects)to trajectories generated using NCEP GFS and ECMWF IFS meteorological inputs,for a case study of a heavy haze event which occurred in Beijing,China in November *** found that results from FLEXPART were considerably different when using different meteorological *** aerosol effects were included in the NWP,there was a small but noticeable differ-ence in calculated ***,when looking at potential emission sensitivity instead of simply expressing trajectories as lines,additional information,which may have been missed when looking only at trajectories as lines,can be inferred.

关键词： Atmospheric and chemical transport modelling trajectory and particle dispersion modelling severe air pollution episode FLEXPART Enviro-HIRLAM

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Porphyrinic Acceptors forFullerene-Free MolecularPhotovoltaics

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第2期6卷 276-296页

作者： Jorge Labella Juan Laforga-Martin tomás Torres Department of Organic Chemistry Universidad Aut´onoma de Madrid28049 Madrid Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences Universidad Aut´onoma de MadridMadrid IMDEA—Nanociencia 28049 Madrid

Over the past few years,the development of nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)has become a prominent focus in both organic and perovskite solar cell(OSCs and PSCs,respectively)research *** this context,porphyrinoids,compounds structurally related to porphyrins,have emerged as promising solar cell *** contrast to the widely used fullerene acceptors,porphyrinoids exhibit strong,broad absorption properties across the Uv–vis/NIR spectrum,which can be easily tuned through chemical ***,they can be prepared and derivatized using cost-effective and straightforward methodologies,allowing for convenient adjustments in thin-film morphology,processability,supramolecular organization,and energy ***,these compounds offer higher thermal and photochemical stability,resulting in longer device lifetimes compared to their fullerene-based *** this review,we outline the utilization of porphyrinoids as NFAs in OSCs and PSCs,discussing essential aspects such as design guidelines,molecular properties,and device *** goal is to inspire and further promote the development of n-type porphyrinoids,which have not yet fully unleashed their potential.

关键词： fullerene-free molecular photovoltaics nonfullerene acceptors porphyrinic acceptors n-type porphyrinoids organic and perovskite solar cells

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The first record of a Konservat-Lagerstätten in which early post-settlement stages of fossil archaeobalanids(Cirripedia:Balanomorpha)are preserved

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 200-223页

作者： tomáš KOCÍ Rok GAŠPARIC John BUCKERIDGE Martina KOCOvÁ vESELSKÁ Aleš ŠOSTER Ivancická581 PragueCzech Republic Palaeontological Department Natural History MuseumNational MuseumPragueCzech Republic Oertijdmuseum Bosscheweg 80Boxtel5293 WBThe Netherlands Institute for Palaeobiology and Evolution Novi TrgKamnikSlovenia Earth and Oceanic Systems Group RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Museums victoria CarltonVictoriaAustralia Department of Paleobiology and Paleoecology Institute of Geology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering University of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia

A diverse sessile barnacle fauna from a Miocene shallow-water deposit at Dolnja Stara vas in Slovenia is *** includes the first descriptions of early post settlement juveniles of Actinobalanus sloveniensis attached to mangrove *** represent three distinct growth phases,the earliest being interpreted as being less than 24 h post settlement,the others being 1 to 2 days post *** assessment of their taphonomy is *** adult balanomorphs are attached to a variety of organic substrates,including mangrove leaves and branches,fragments of the conifers?Taxodioxylon,Carapoxylon,pine cones,molluscs,and cetacean *** barnacles include ***,Amphibalanus venustus,and Perforatus perforatus—many with opercula retained within the *** retains some of the original shell *** is the second record of barnacle–plant associations from the Central Paratethys from Kamnik and *** paleoecology and paleogeography of the site are discussed.

关键词： acorn barnacles barnacle metamorphosis epibiont paleoecology taxonomy

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep tomàs víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón Manel M.Santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Insights into the hydrogen evolution reaction in vanadium redox flow batteries:A synchrotron radiation based X-ray imaging study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 132-144页

作者： Kerstin Köble Alexey Ershov Kangjun Duan Monja Schilling Alexander Rampf Angelica Cecilia tomášFaragó Marcus Zuber Tilo Baumbach Roswitha Zeis Helmholtz Institute Ulm Karlsruhe Institute of Technology89081 UlmGermany Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76131 KarlsruheGermany Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Department of Electrical Electronicsand Communication EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91058 ErlangenGermany Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S 3G8OntarioCanada

The parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)in the negative half-cell of vanadium redox flow batteries(vRFBs)causes severe efficiency ***,a deeper understanding of this process and the accompanying bubble formation is *** benchmarking study locally analyzes the bubble distribution in thick,porous electrodes for the first time using deep learning-based image segmentation of synchrotron X-ray *** large three-dimensional data set was processed precisely in less than one minute while minimizing human errors and pointing out areas of increased HER activity in *** study systematically varies the electrode potential and material,concluding that more negative electrode potentials of-200 m v *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)and lower cause more substantial bubble formation,resulting in bubble fractions of around 15%–20%in carbon felt ***,the bubble fractions stay only around 2%in an electrode combining carbon felt and carbon *** detected areas with high HER activity,such as the border subregion with more than 30%bubble fraction in carbon felt electrodes,the cutting edges,and preferential spots in the electrode bulk,are potential-independent and suggest that larger electrodes with a higher bulk-to-border ratio might reduce HER-related performance *** described combination of electrochemical measurements,local X-ray microtomography,AI-based segmentation,and 3D morphometric analysis is a powerful and novel approach for local bubble analysis in three-dimensional porous electrodes,providing an essential toolkit for a broad community working on bubble-generating electrochemical systems.

关键词： vanadium redox flow battery Synchrotron X-ray imaging tomography Hydrogen evolution reaction Gas bubbles Deep learning

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Comparison of carotid endarterectomy and repeated carotid angioplasty and stenting for in-stent restenosis(CERCAS trial):a randomised study

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Stroke & vascular Neurology 2023年第5期8卷 399-404页

作者： tomáš Hrbáč Jiří Fiedler václav Procházka tomáš Jonszta Martin Roubec David Pakizer Daniel václavík David Netuka tomáš Heryán David Školoudík Department of Neuroscience Faculty of MedicineUniverzity of OstravaOstravaCzech Republic Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital OstravaOstravaCzech Republic Department of Neurosurgery ČeskéBudějovice HospitalČeskéBudějoviceCzech Republic Department of Radiology University Hospital OstravaOstravaCzech Republic Department of Neurology University Hospital OstravaOstravaCzech Republic Center for Health Research Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OstravaOstravaCzech Republic Department of Neurology Vítkovice HospitalOstravaCzech Republic Department of Neurosurgery Military University Hospital PraguePrahaCzech Republic

Background and aim In-stent restenosis(ISR)belongs to an infrequent but potentially serious complication after carotid angioplasty and stenting in patients with severe carotid *** of these patients might be contraindicated to repeat percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with or without stenting(rePTA/S).The purpose of the study is to compare the safety and effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy with stent removal(CEASR)and rePTA/S in patients with carotid *** Consecutive patients with carotid ISR(≥80%)were randomly allocated to the CEASR or rePTA/S *** incidence of restenosis after intervention,stroke,transient ischaemic attack myocardial infarction and death 30 days and 1 year after intervention and restenosis 1 year after intervention between patients in CEASR and rePTA/S groups were statistically *** A total of 31 patients were included in the study;14 patients(9 males;mean age 66.3±6.6 years)were allocated to CEASR and 17 patients(10 males;mean age 68.8±5.6 years)to the rePTA/S *** implanted stent in carotid restenosis was successfully removed in all patients in the CEASR *** clinical vascular event was recorded periproceduraly,30 days and 1 year after intervention in both *** one patient in the CEASR group had asymptomatic occlusion of the intervened carotid artery within 30 days and one patient died in the rePTA/S group within 1 year after *** after intervention was significantly greater in the rePTA/S group(mean 20.9%)than in the CEASR group(mean 0%,p=0.04),but all stenoses werevs 1 patient;p=0.233).Conclusion CEASR seems to be effective and save procedures for patients with carotid ISR and might be considered as a treatment option.

关键词： carotid restenosis angioplasty

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CD4^(+)T cells produce IFN-I to license cDC1s for induction of cytotoxic T-cell activity in human tumors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij J.P.Welters tom de Wit Ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia J.Santegoets Timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der veen Joris L.vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg Jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.v. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)T cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)T-cell help,specifically in T-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting ***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)T cells in *** CD4^(+)T cells produce IFNβvia the STING pathway,which promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce CTL anticancer *** cooperation with CD40 ligand(L),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CTL response ***-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells are present in diverse T-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”signals to CTLs locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)T *** agreement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)T cells in the TME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)T-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CTL priming Tumor control

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High‑throughput sequencing view on the magnitude of global fungal diversity

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Fungal Diversity 2022年第3期114卷 539-547页

作者： Petr Baldrian tomášvětrovský Clémentine Lepinay Petr Kohout Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesVídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic

High-throughput DNA sequencing has dramatically transformed several areas of biodiversity research including *** limitations,high-throughput sequencing is nowadays a predominant method to characterize the alpha and beta diversity of fungal *** the papers utilizing high-throughput sequencing approaches to study natural habitats in terrestrial ecosystems worldwide,>200 studies published until 2019 have generated over 250 million sequences of the primary mycological metabarcoding marker,the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2(ITS2).Here we show that at a 97%sequence similarity threshold,the total richness of non-singleton fungal taxa across the studies published so far is 1.08 million,mostly Ascomycota(56.8%of the taxa)and Basidiomycota(36.7%of the taxa).The Chao-1 estimate of the total extant fungal diversity based on this dataset is 6.28 million taxa,representing a conservative estimate of global fungal species *** and litter represent the habitats with the highest alpha diversity of fungi followed by air,plant shoots,plant roots and deadwood with Chao-1 predictions,for samples containing 5000 sequences,of 1219,569,392,228,215 and 140 molecular species,*** on the high-throughput sequencing data,the highest proportion of unknown fungal species is associated with samples of lichen and plant *** considering the use of high-throughput sequenc-ing for the estimation of global fungal diversity,the limitations of the method have to be taken into account,some of which are sequencing platform-specific while others are inherent to the metabarcoding approaches of species *** this respect,high-throughput sequencing data can complement fungal diversity predictions based on methods of traditional mycology and increase our understanding of fungal biodiversity.

关键词： High-throughput sequencing Metabarcoding Internal transcribed spacer Alpha diversity Meta-analysis

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Damping of Pressure Pulsations in Mobile Hydraulic Applications by the Use of Closed Cell Cellular Rubbers Integrated into a vane Pump

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2017年第4期14卷 791-803页

作者： David Bach tom Masselter Thomas Speck Plant Biomechanics Group Freiburg Botanic Garden Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Schginzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany Freiburg Materials Research Center (FMF) Stefan-Meier-StraBe 21 79104 Freiburg Germany Competence Networks Biomimetic and BIOKON e. v. Schainzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany

The present study evaluates the potential of a bio-inspired pulsation damper in a vane pump used in mobile hydraulic ap- plications. Pressure pulsations caused by such positive displacement pumps can lead to malfunctions and noise in a hydraulic system. A common measure to reduce pressure pulsations is the integration of pressure pulsation dampers downstream of the pump. This type of damping measure can also be found in biology as e.g. in the human blood circulatory system. Such working principles found in living organisms offer a high potential for a biomimetic transfer into technical applications. The newly developed bio-inspired damper consists of cellular rubbers with non-linear viscoelastic material properties. In order to evaluate the new damping method, pressure pulsations were measured at two different back pressures and at a wide engine speed range of the vane pump. For further assessment, different setups, varying the stiffness of the cellular rubber materials and the damper volume, were tested. Within the tested back pressures, the pressure pulsations could be reduced by up to 40%. The developed integrated pulsation damper offers a high potential to dampen pressure pulsations of positive displacement pumps used in mobile hydraulic applications ooeratin~ below 10 bar.

关键词： pressure pulsations pressure ripple vane pump bio-inspired pulsation damping cellular rubbers flexible foams

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Anisotropic estimates for sub-elliptic operators

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Science China Mathematics 2008年第4期51卷 509-522页

作者： John BLAND tom DUCHAMP Department of Mathematics University of Toronto Department of Mathematics Box 354350University of Washington

In the 1970’s, Folland and Stein studied a family of subelliptic scalar operators $ \mathcal{L}_\lambda $ which arise naturally in the $ \bar \partial _b $ -complex. They introduced weighted Sobolev spaces as the natural spaces for this complex, and then obtained sharp estimates for $ \bar \partial _b $ in these spaces using integral kernels and approximate inverses. In the 1990’s, Rumin introduced a differential complex for compact contact manifolds, showed that the Folland-Stein operators are central to the analysis for the corresponding Laplace operator, and derived the necessary estimates for the Laplacian from the Folland Stein analysis. In this paper, we give a self-contained derivation of sharp estimates in the anisotropic Folland-Stein spaces for the operators studied by Rumin using integration by parts and a modified approach to bootstrapping.

关键词： sub-elliptic operators anisotropic estimates anisotropic Sobolev spaces Rumin complex contact manifolds 35H20 35B45 53D10 32v20

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