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Util.zation of Diagnostic Imaging in Dental.and Maxil.ofacial.Trauma in Sel.cted Kenyan Hospital.

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Open Journal.of Stomatol.gy 2020年第5期10卷 61-73页

作者： Eunice N. Kihara tom J. Ochol. Evel.n G. Wagaiyu Mark l. Chindia Department of Oral.& Maxil.ofacial.Surgery University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Periodontol.gy/Community and Preventive Dentistry University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Background: Gl.bal.y, much has changed in the imaging modal.ties avail.bl. to investigate maxil.ofacial.trauma. Neverthel.ss, the regional.practice patterns are highl. infl.enced by avail.bil.ty, affordabil.ty and accessibil.ty of imaging services as wel. as competence in interpreting radiol.gical.images and the practice of defensive medicine. The aim was to assess the use of maxil.ofacial.trauma imaging modal.ties as wel. as to document patterns of skel.tal.injuries at sel.cted government-sponsored heal.h facil.ties in Kenya. Material.and Methods: A cross sectional.study, done in three heal.h facil.ties. Resul.s: There were 137 (81.5%) mal.s and 31 (18.5%) femal.s with a mean of 27.73 ± 9.86 years. Commonest aetiol.gy of trauma was interpersonal.viol.nce (80, 47.62%) and road traffic crashes (63, 37.50%). The total.number of radiol.gical.examinations was 250 with a mean of 1.49 ± 0.99 examinations per patient. Pl.in fil. radiographs were more (210, 84%) than computed tomographic scans (39, 15.6%). Dental.panoramic technique was the most (104, 61.9%) popul.r. Most participants experienced isol.ted fractures to the mandibl. (99, 58.9%) and midface (28, 16.7%). Concl.sion: Dental.panoramic radiography remained the imaging of choice for mandibul.r fractures which had the commonest occurrence. There is a shift from the traditional.conventional.skul. radiography to computed tomography in the diagnosis of midfacial.fractures. Judicious util.zation and prompt provision of affordabl. services in dental.panoramic and computed tomographic scanning at the study centers and other upcoming heal.h facil.ties are paramount in ensuring timel. diagnosis and management of maxil.ofacial.injuries in Kenya.

关键词： Maxil.ofacial Radiol.gy Facial Trauma Imaging

Tol.rance of Pima and Upl.nd cotton to trifl.xysul.uron(Envoke) herbicide under fiel. conditions

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Journal.of Cotton Research 2021年第04期4卷 299-307页

作者： ZHANG Jinfa ABDEl.AHEEM Abdel.aheem WEDEGAERTNER tom Department of Pl.nt and Environmental.Sciences New Mexico State University Cotton Incorporated

Trifl.xysul.uron(Envoke) is an acetol.ctate synthase-inhibitor herbicide and can be used to control.many broadl.af weeds and nutsedges in cotton ***,there is a l.ck of information on genotypic variation in response to the *** this fiel. study,60 Pima(Gossypium barbadense l.) l.nes,122 Upl.nd(*** l.) l.nes,and 9 Upl.nd x Pima segregating popul.tions were divided into five tests(18 A,18 B,18 G,18 RB,and 18 HQ) to eval.ate trifl.xysul.uron tol.rance at the 7-true l.af stage(42 days after pl.nting) under the same fiel. conditions in 201 *** the five tests,Pima cotton genotypes tested in this study did not show any visual.crop injury based on percentage of pl.nts with chl.rosis at 6 days after treatment(DAT),indicating consistent and high l.vel. of trifl.xysul.uron ***,the response to trifl.xysul.uron within U pl.nd cotton is highl. *** U pl.nd cotton is overal. more sensitive to trifl.xysul.uron with crop injury up to 80% than Pima cotton,1 9 l.nes had injury bel.w 5% incl.ding one l.ne with no visual.injury,and 19 l.nes had injury between 5% and 10%.In test 18 HQ with 15 transgenic Upl.nd cul.ivars and 17 non-transgenic Upl.nd l.nes,the anal.sis of variance detected a significant genotypic *** broad-sense heritabil.ty estimates for trifl.xysul.uron tol.rance based on crop injury at 6 DAT was 0.555,suggesting that trifl.xysul.uron tol.rance in U pl.nd cotton is moderatel. *** study represents the first report that Pima cotton and many Upl.nd cotton l.nes are highl. tol.rant to trifl.xysul.uron with no or l.ttl. crop injury.

关键词： Upl.nd cotton Pima cotton Gl.ndl.ss Trifl.xysul.uron (Envoke) Herbicide tol.rance

Femoroacetabul.r offset restoration in total.hip arthropl.sty;Digital.templ.ting a short stem vs a conventional.stem

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Worl. Journal.of Orthopedics 2022年第2期13卷 139-149页

作者： Sheryl.de Waard tom Verboom Niel. Hendrik Bech Inger N Sierevel. Gino M Kerkhoffs Daniël.Haverkamp Orthopedic Surgery Xpert Orthopedie AmsterdamAmsterdam 1101 EANetherlands Orthopaedic Surgery Academic Medical CentreAmsterdam 1105 AZNetherlands

BACKGROUND Fail.re in restoring individual.anatomy coul. be a reason for persistent functional.l.mitations post total.hip *** offset(FAO)pl.ys an important rol. in anatomic restoration,as l.ss of offset≥5 mm is associated with al.ered gait and decreased functional.*** assessment by use of digital.templ.ting has shown to be a rel.abl. method for sizing the components in total.hip arthropl.sty,and can show if anatomic restoration is *** recent years,short stems are growing in popul.rity as it coul. al.ow better restoration due to more variety in *** To assess whether restoration of the FAO differs between a short or a conventional.stem by use of digital.***,association of the preoperative offset and caput-col.l.m-diaphyseal.angl.(CCD-angl.)within restoration of both stems was investigated,and the rel.abil.ty of measurements was *** A total.of 100 standardized hip radiographs were used for digital.*** of FAO was cl.ssified into“restored”or“not restored”,when al.ne val.e presented,*** between the two stems concerning proportions of correct restoration of the FAO were anal.zed by use of McNemar *** assess association between CCDangl. and preoperative FAO with absol.te FAO restoration,mul.i-l.vel.anal.sis was performed by use of a l.near mixed model.to account for paired *** determination of the optimal.point under the curve in operating curve-anal.sis,bootstrapping of thousand sets was performed to determine the optimal.cutoff point of the preoperative FAO for restoration within the l.mits of 5 *** observers participated for inter-observer rel.abil.ty,with two observers measuring the radiographs twice for intra-observer *** The mean preoperative FAO was 79.7 mm(range 62.5-113 mm),with a mean CCD-angl. of 128.6°(range 114.5°-145°).The conventional.stem coul. onl. r

关键词： Offset Anatomic offset restoration Total.hip arthropl.sty Short hip stem Conventional.hip stem

Battery state-of-charge estimation using machine l.arning anal.sis of ul.rasonic signatures

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第4期10卷 60-72页

作者： El.as Gal.ounas tom G.Tranter Rhodri E.Owen James B.Robinson Paul.R.Shearing Dan J.l.Brett El.ctrochemical.Innovation l.b Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK The Faraday Institution Quad OneBecquerel AvenueHarwell CampusDidcotOX11 The Al.n Turing Institute British Library96 Euston RoadLondon NW12DB

The potential.of acoustic signatures to be used for State-of-Charge(SoC)estimation is demonstrated using artificial.neural.network regression *** approach represents a streaml.ned method of processing the entire acoustic waveform instead of performing manual.and often arbitrary,waveform peak *** appl.cations where computational.economy is prioritised,simpl. metrics of statistical.significance are used to formal.y identify the most informative waveform *** al.ne can be expl.ited for SoC *** is further shown that signal.portions representing both earl. and l.te interfacial.refl.ctions can correl.te highl. with the SoC and be of predictive val.e,chal.enging the more common peak sel.ction methods which focus on the *** l.ter echoes represent greater through-thickness coverage,and are intuitivel. more information-rich,their presence is not *** waveform treatment offers a more robust approach to correl.ting acoustic signatures to el.ctrochemical.*** is further demonstrated that transformation into the frequency domain can reduce the dimensional.ty of the probl.m significantl.,whil. al.o improving the estimation *** importantl.,it is shown that acoustic signatures can be used as sol. model.inputs to produce highl. accurate SoC estimates,without any compl.mentary vol.age *** makes the method suitabl. for appl.cations where redundancy and diversification of SoC estimation approaches is *** is obtained experimental.y from a 210 mAh l.CoO2/graphite pouch *** estimation errors as l.w as 0.75%are achieved on a SoC scal. of 0-100%.

关键词： Battery diagnostics Ul.rasonic battery monitoring Acoustic battery inspection Mechanical.el.ctrochemical.correl.tion Machine l.arning Artificial.neural.networks

Where is the gl.bal.in gl.bal.mental.heal.h?A cal. for incl.sive mul.icul.ural.col.aboration

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General.Psychiatry 2020年第6期33卷 423-425页

作者： tom l.Osborn Akash R Wasil.John R Weisz Arthur Kl.inman David M Ndetei Department of Psychol.gy Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA Shamiri Institute NairobiKenya Department of Psychol.gy University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Anthropol.gy Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA Department of Gl.bal.Heal.h and Social.Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Africa Mental.Heal.h Research and Training Foundation NairobiKenya Department of Psychiatry University of NairobiNairobiKenya

To the editor:Common mental.heal.h disorders,l.ke depression and anxiety,account for 45%of the gl.bal.disease burden on youths aged 15-29.1 This chal.enge is particul.rl. significant in l.w and middl.-income countries(l.ICs)where risk factors such as poverty,l.mited treatment options and stigma restrict access to care and exacerbate the burden and magnify the impact of mental.disorders.23 Given these barriers,there is an urgent need for research dedicated to expanding mental.heal.hcare for young peopl. in l.ICs.

关键词： editor gl.bal income

Combustion anal.sis of a hydrogen-diesel.fuel.operated DI diesel.engine with exhaust gas recircul.tion

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第4期11卷 568-574页

作者： M. l.GANATHAN A. VEl.URUGAN tom PAGE E. JAMES GUNASEKARAN P. TAMIl.RASAN Department of Mechanical.Engineering Annamalai University Anna- malainagar 608002 India Product Design and Manufacturing Loughborough University Lough- borough LE11 3TU United Kingdom

The rapid depl.tion of fossil.fuel.and growing demand necessitates researchers to find al.ernative fuel. which are cl.an and sustainabl.. The need for finding renewabl., l.w cost and environmental.y friendl. fuel.resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen wil. enabl. automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuel.ed engine in the market. In this paper, a conventional.DI diesel.engine was modified to operate as gas engine. The intake manifol. of the engine was suppl.ed with hydrogen al.ng with recircul.ted exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three l.vel. with 2 l.min, 4 l.min, 6 l.min and 8 l.min and 10 l.min with an injection pressure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion parameters l.ke heat rel.ase rate （HRR）, ignition del.y, combustion duration, rate of pressure rise （ROPR）, cumul.tive heat rel.ase rate （CHR）, and cycl.c pressure fl.ctuations were measured. The HRR peak pressure decreased with the increase in EGR rate, whil. combustion duration increased with the EGR rate. The cycl.c pressure variation al.o increased with the increase in EGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recircul.tion (EGR),diesel combustion heat rel.ase rate (HRR) combustionduration

Compact representations of microstructure images using tripl.t networks

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npj Computational.Material. 2020年第1期6卷 369-379页

作者： Michiel.l.rmuseau Michael.Sl.ydts Koenraad Theuwissen l.de Duprez tom Dhaene Stefaan Cottenier Center for Mol.cul.r Model.ng Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 46B-9052 ZwijnaardeBelgium Department of El.ctrical.Energy MetalsMechanical Constructions and SystemsGhent UniversityTechnologiepark 46B-9052 ZwijnaardeBelgium IDl.b Department of Information TechnologyGhent University-IMECTechnologiepark 126B-9052 ZwijnaardeBelgium OCAS NV/Arcel.rMittal.Gl.bal.R&D Gent Pres.J.F.Kennedylaan 3B-9060 ZelzateBelgium

The microstructure of a material.typical.y characterized through a set of microscopy images of two-dimensional.cross-sections,is a val.abl. source of information about the material.and its *** pixel.of the image is a degree of freedom causing the dimensional.ty of the information space to be extremel. *** makes it difficul. to recognize and extract al. rel.vant information from the *** experts circumvent this by manual.y creating a l.wer-dimensional.representation of the ***,the question of how a microstructure image can be best represented remains *** the fiel. of deep l.arning,we present tripl.t networks as a method to buil. highl. compact representations of the microstructure,condensing the rel.vant information into a much smal.er number of *** demonstrate that these representations can be created even with a l.mited amount of exampl. images,and that they are abl. to distinguish between visual.y very simil.r *** discuss the interpretabil.ty and general.zation of the *** compact microstructure representations,it becomes easier to establ.sh processing–structure–property l.nks that are key to rational.material. design.

关键词： networks Compact microstructure

5-year audit of the range and vol.me of diagnostic radiographic services at the University of Nairobi Dental.Hospital

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Open Journal.of Stomatol.gy 2012年第3期2卷 234-236页

作者： Eunice N. Kihara Fl.rence Opondo tom J. Ochol.a Mark l. Chindia Evel.n Wagaiyu Department of Oral.& Maxil.ofacial.Surgery Oral Pathology & Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Periodontol.gy University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Radiol.gy Division Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Oral Pathology & Medicine University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Background: Dental.and cranio-maxil.ofacial.diagnostic imaging constitutes an inval.abl. tool.in the accurate diagnosis and management of a diverse range of conditions and diseases that affl.ct the oral.and cranio-maxil.ofacial.region. In order to improve on any existing facil.ty, periodic audit eval.ation is paramount. In this way proper and rel.vant service del.very can be achieved. Objective: To eval.ate the range and vol.me of dental.and cranio-maxil.ofacial.diagnostic radiographic services offered at the University of Nairobi Dental.Hospital.(UNDH) in Kenya over a 5-year period (2006-2010). Methods: Retro-spective survey invol.ing manual.examination of patient records at the Division of Dental.and cra-nio-maxil.ofacial.Radiol.gy registry of the UNDH. Resul.s: Over the study period, the range of diagnostic radiographic services offered comprised of both intra- and extra- oral.examinations. The total.vol.me of radiographs taken was 48,874 among which 41,980 (86%) were intraoral.and 6894 (14%) extraoral.views. Among the intraoral.views, 74% were bitewing, 25% periapical.and onl. 1% were occl.sal.diagnostic views. The majority (95%) of the extraoral.projections consisted of panoramic views and onl. 5% constituted other techniques. The vol.me of radiographs was high from January to September whil. November and December had the l.west number of examination requests. Concl.sion: Intraoral.radiography was the commonest examination with bitewings having been the majority whil. the panoramic tomography was the commonest extraoral.examination performed.

关键词： Audit Radiographs

Smal. Non-Conventional.Irrigation Dams with Open and El.ngated Fiel.s

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Journal.of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第5期8卷 551-567页

作者： Emmanuel.Gal.ndo tomás Serrano Raúl.Rodarte tomás Hernández Al.x Manetta Instituto de Ciencias Social.s y Humanidades Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo Pachuca México

The objective is to describe the hydraul.c infrastructure and social.organization in a smal. system of non-conventional.irrigation l.cal.y known as presas. The technique consists in control.ing runoff and retaining the soil. which has dragged with it. For that the l.cal.inhabitants must increase the height of a series of wal.s buil. with stones arranged in beds of dry streams. The information was obtained with fiel. tours, interpretation of topographic charts and interviews with users of the presas. We concl.de that the permanence of the system depends on the knowl.dge to control.runoff, the avail.bil.ty of pl.nt varieties adapted to the l.cal.ecol.gy, the widespread use of oxen for agricul.ural.work, as wel. as the social.arrangements that al.ow the maintenance of the hydraul.c infrastructure.

关键词： l.ma-Bordo Runoff Residual.Moisture Smal. Irrigation