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The control of Pleistocene palaeogeography on the distribution of sandy patches in a silty Holocene lagoon(central Netherlands)

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2022年第4期11卷 565-583页

作者： Ai-Ping Fan A.J.(tom)van Loon Ren-Chao Yang College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoChina Laboratory for marine mineral Resources Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China

The brackish lagoon in the central part of The Netherlands was closed by a dike in 1932 and gradually changed into a *** of this lake were reclaimed and the surficial sediments of one of the polders(Noordoostpolder),reclaimed in 1942,has been investigated in detail by mapping of the walls of some1500 km of drainage ditches approx.1.4 m *** appeared that the sediments consist of an uncommonly large amount of silt,to different degrees mixed with reworked peat that had developed during the Holocene *** sandy deposits occur locally,at places that are at first sight distributed in a haphazard *** various sandy patches have different characteristics(grain-size distribution,rounding of the grains,mineral composition).These sands cannot have been introduced from the sea,nor can they have been supplied by the rivers that discharged into the lagoon,so they must have a local *** is found that several types of Pleistocene sandy or diamictic deposits below the Holocene peat and lagoonal sediments had an irregular topography and became eroded during the Holocene by wave *** resulted in sandy deposits around these Pleistocene highs,which consisted of glacial tills(boulder clays),river dunes(formed by aeolian activity along rivers under dry permafrost conditions)and coversand ridges,formed by aeolian activity in a belt between the ice margin and the more distal loess *** finding implies that palaegeographical interpretations of local grain-size anomalies in a specific deposit should not only consider facies changes due to changes in the sediment supply,but should also consider local erosion leading to the exposure of previously deposited material with a divergent composition.

关键词： Lagoonal palaeogeography Netherlands Noordoostpolder Wave erosion Abrasion Holocene

Spatial variability of soil organic carbon stock in an olive orchard at catchment scale in Southern Spain

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 311-326页

作者： Jose A.Gòmez Gema Guzmán tom Vanwalleghem Karl Vanderlinden Institute for Sustainable Agriculture.Spanish National Research Council(IAS-CSIC) Alameda del Obispo S/N14004CordobaSpain Department of Agronomy University of CordobaCampus de Rabanales14071CordobaSpain Centro IFAPA Alameda del Obispo 14004CordobaSpain

Orchards have a high potential for carbon ***,little research is available on the spatial variability at catchment scale and on the difference between the tree area and the *** analyzed theik spatial variability of soil organic carbon stock,SOCstock at 90 cm depth in an 8-ha catchment in Southern Spain with olives on a vertic *** showed higher soil organic carbon concentration,SOC,in the tree area as compared to the lane up to 60 cm depth,but its impact on SOCstock was negligible since it was compensated by the higher soil bulk density in the *** at different depths was correlated with that in the top 0-5 *** overall SOCstock of the orchard was 4.14 kg m^(-2),ranging between 1.8 and 6.0 kg m^(-2).This SOCstock is in the mid-lower range of values reported for olive orchards,measured at smaller scale,and similar to those other intensive field crops and agroforestry under comparable rainfall *** spatial variability in SOCstock was correlated to several geomorphological variables:elevation,cumulative upstream area,topographic wetness index,sediment transport index,and tillage *** in SOC and SOCstock are driven by the sediment redis-tribution downslope,mainly by tillage erosion,and higher soil water availability in lower areas allowing higher biomass *** topographic indexes and the correlation between SOC in the topsoil and SOCstock up to 90 cm should be further explored in other typology of olive orchards for facilitating the mapping of SOC_(stock).

关键词： Carbon sequestration mediterraneancrops Catchment Spatial variability Vertic soils

Physical Characteristics Explain Ball-Carrying Capability in Sub-Elite Rugby Union Players

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第3期5卷 244-253页

作者： Alexander S.Hart Robert m.Erskine tom J.mclaughlin David R.Clark School of Sport and Exercise Science Liverpool John Moores UniversityL33AF LiverpoolUK Ealing Trailfinders Rugby Club LondonUK Institute of Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK

Purpose The aims of the present study were two-fold:(i)to investigate the relationship between physical characteristics and the game statistics associated with ball-carrying capability amongst sub-elite rugby union players,and(ii)to predict the level of change in these physical characteristics required to improve the associated game statistic via regression *** Thirty-eight senior professional players(forwards,n=22;backs,n=16)were assessed for body mass(Bm),back squat(BS)single-repetition maximum(1Rm)normalised to Bm(1Rm/Bm),10 m sprint velocity(S10),10 m sprint momentum(Sm10),and the game statistics from 22 games within the 2019/20 RFU Championship *** relationship between these measures and the predicted level of change in a physical measure required to improve the total number of the associated game statistic by one were assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and simple regression *** In forwards,an~11.5%reduction in Bm,an~11.8%improvement in BS 1Rm/Bm,or an~11.5%increase in S10 was required to improve the game statistics associated with ball-carrying *** backs,a~19.3%increase in Bm or a~15.6%improvement in Sm10 was *** These findings demonstrate that improvements in lower-body relative strength,acceleration performance,and position-specific alterations in body mass are required to maximise the ball-carrying capability and therefore match outcome of sub-elite rugby union players.

关键词： Speed Acceleration momentum Strength Body mass

The evolution of copulation frequency and the mechanisms of reproduction in male Anolis lizards

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Current Zoology 2014年第6期60卷 768-777页

作者： michele A. JOHNSON mafia Veronica LOPEZ Tara K. WHITTLE Bonnie K. KIRCHER Alisa K. DILL Divina varghese Juli WADE Trinity University Department of Biology One Trinity Place San Antonio Texas 78212 USA michigan State University Departments of Psychology and Zoology East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA

The evolution of many morphological structures is associated with the behavioral context of their use, particularly for structures involved in copulation. Yet, few studies have considered evolutionary relationships among the integrated suite of structures associated with male reproduction. In this study, we examined nine species of lizards in the genus Anolis to determine whether larger copulatory morphologies and higher potential for copulatory muscle performance evolved in association with higher copulation rates. In 10--12 adult males of each species, we measured the size of the hemipenes and related muscles, the seminiferous tubules in the testes, and the renal sex segments in the kidneys, and we assessed the fiber type composition of the muscles associated with copulation. In a series of pbylogenetically-informed analyses, we used field behavioral data to determine whether observed rates of copulation were associated with these *** found that species with larger hemipenes had larger fibers in the RPm （the retractor penis magnus, a muscle that controls hemipenis movement）, and that the evolution of larg- er hemipenes and RPm fibers is associated with the evolution of higher rates of copulatory behavior. However, the sizes of the seminiferous tubules and renal sex segments, and the muscle fiber composition of the RPm, were not associated with copulation rates. Further, body size was not associated with the size of any of the reproductive structures investigated. The results of this study suggest that peripheral morphologies involved in the transfer of ejaculate may be more evolutionarily labile than internal structures involved in ejaculate production.

关键词： Anolis Copulation Hemipenes Lizards Reproduction Reptiles

Limb length discrepancy after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第2期9卷 357-371页

作者： Sujit Kumar Tripathy Siddharth Satyakam Pradhan Paulson varghese Prabhudev Prasad Purudappa Sandeep Velagada Tarun Goyal Bijnya Birajita Panda Jagadeesh Vanyambadi Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia Department of Orthopedics VA Boston Health careBostonMassachusetts 02130United States Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical SciencesBathinda 209201India Department of Ophthalmology SCB Medical CollegeCuttack 751019India Department of Orthopaedics Salford Royal NHS Foundation TrustSalford M68HDUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Limb length discrepancy(LLD)after total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been considered as one of the reasons for the unsatisfactory ***,there is no consensus about the extent of LLD that can be considered as clinically *** To evaluate the incidence of radiographic LLD and its impact on functional outcome following *** All randomized-controlled trial and observational studies on LLD in TKA,published till 22nd June 2020,were systematically searched and *** primary outcome was“limb lengthening or LLD after TKA”.The secondary outcomes included“assessment of LLD in varus/valgus deformity”and“impact of LLD on the functional outcome”.RESULTS Of 45 retrieved studies,qualitative and quantitative assessment of data was performed from eight studies and six studies,*** studies(n=1551)reported the average limb lengthening of 5.98 *** LLD after TKA was ranging from 0.4±10 mm to 15.3±2.88 *** incidence of postoperative radiographic LLD was reported in 44%to 83.3%of *** was no difference in the preoperative and postoperative LLD(mD-1.23;95%CI:-3.72,1.27;P=0.34).Pooled data of two studies(n=219)revealed significant limb lengthening in valgus deformity than varus(mD-2.69;95%CI:-5.11,0.27;P=0.03).The pooled data of three studies(n=611)showed significantly worse functional outcome in patients with LLD of≥10 mm compared tomm(standard mD 0.58;95%CI:0.06,1.10;P=0.03).CONCLUSION Limb lengthening after TKA is common,and it is significantly more in valgus than varus *** LLD(≥10 mm)is associated with suboptimal functional outcome.

关键词： Arthroplasty Knee Replacement Limb length Joint diseases Surgery

High-flow nasal oxygen availability for sedation decreases the use of general anesthesia during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic ultrasound

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10398-10405页

作者： Roman Schumann Nikola S Natov Klifford A Rocuts-martinez matthew D Finkelman tom V Phan Sanjay R Hegde Robert m Knapp Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative medicine Tufts Medical CenterBoston MA 02111United States The Gastroenterology/Hepatology Division Tufts Medical CenterBoston MA 02111United States Critical Care medicine Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical CenterLebanon NH 03756 United States Tufts University School of Dental medicine Boston MA 02111United States Tufts University School of medicine Boston MA 02111United States

AIm To examine whether high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO) availability influences the use of general anesthesia(GA) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) and associated *** In this retrospective study, patients were stratified into 3 eras between October 1, 2013 and June 30, 2014 based on HFNO availability for deep sedation at the time of their endoscopy. During the first and last 3-mo eras(era 1 and 3), no HFNO was available, whereas it was an option during the second 3-mo era(era 2). The primary outcome was the percent utilization of GA vs deep sedation in each period. Secondary outcomes included oxygen saturation nadir during sedation between periods, as well as procedure duration, and anesthesia-only time between periods and for GA vs sedation cases *** During the study period 238 ERCP or EUS cases were identified for analysis. Statistical testing was employed and a P multiple comparisons was used. General anesthesia use was significantly lower in era 2 compared to era 1 with the same trend between era 2 and 3(P = 0.012 and 0.045 respectively). The oxygen saturation nadir during sedation was significantly higher in era 2 compared to era 3(P me within each era was significantly longer under GA compared to deep sedation(P ≤ 0.007) as was the anesthesia-only time(P ≤ 0.001).CONCLUSION High-flow nasal oxygen availability was associated with decreased GA utilization and improved oxygenation for ERCP and EUS during sedation.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopy Sedation Anesthesia Oxygenation High flow nasal oxygen

Non-small cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC):Implications on molecular pathology and advances in early diagnostics and therapeutics

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 960-989页

作者： Hafiza Padinharayil Jinsu varghese mithun Chacko John Golgodu Krishnamurthy Rajanikant Cornelia m.Wilson minnatallah Al-Yozbaki Kaviyarasi Renu Saikat Dewanjee Rupa Sanyal Abhijit Dey Anirban Goutam mukherjee Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan Alex George Jubilee Centre for medical Research Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissurKerala 680005India PG&Research Department of Zoology St.Thomas CollegeKozhencheryPathanamthittaKerala 689641India Department of medical Oncology Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissurKerala 680005India School of Biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyCalicutKerala 673601India Canterbury Christ Church University Natural Applied SciencesLife Sciences Industry Liaison LabDiscovery ParkSandwich CT139FFUnited Kingdom Centre of molecular medicine and Diagnostics(COmmanD) Department of BiochemistrySaveetha Dental College&HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700032India Department of Botany Bhairab Ganguly CollegeFeeder RoadBelghoriaKolkataWest Bengal 700056India Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700073India Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Bio-Sciences and TechnologyVellore Institute of Technology(VIT)VelloreTamil Nadu 632014India

Continuous revision of the histologic and stage-wise classification of lung cancer by the World Health Organization (WHO) provides the foundation for therapeutic advances by promoting molecular targeted and immunotherapies and ensuring accurate diagnosis. Cancer epidemiologic data provide helpful information for cancer prevention, diagnosis, and management, supporting health-care interventions. Global cancer mortality projections from 2016 to 2060 show that cancer will overtake ischemic heart diseases (IHD) as the leading cause of death (18.9 million) immediately after 2030, surpassing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for 85 percent of lung cancers. The clinical stage at the diagnosis is the main prognostic factor in NSCLC therapies. Advanced early diagnostic methods are essential as the initial stages of cancer show reduced mortality compared to the advanced stages. Sophisticated approaches to proper histological classification and NSCLC management have improved clinical efficiency. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted molecular therapies have refined the therapeutic management of late-stage NSCLC, the specificity and sensitivity of cancer biomarkers should be improved by focusing on prospective studies, followed by their use as therapeutic tools. The liquid biopsy candidates such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating cell-free tumor DNA (cfDNA), tumor educated platelets (TEP), and extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess cancer-derived biomolecules and aid in tracing: driver mutations leading to cancer, acquired resistance caused by various generations of therapeutic agents, refractory disease, prognosis, and surveillance.

关键词： Biomarker Clinical trial Epidemiology Histology Liquid biopsy NSCLC Targeted therapy

A High-Speed Launching mechanism Inspired by a Slingshot Spider’s Web

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第2期19卷 440-447页

作者： tom Bates John Gerig manuel Avitia Gunnar Waldvogel Tesfay Legesse Justin Washington Pranav A.Bhounsule Robotics and motion Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Chicago842 W.Taylor St.ChicagoIL 60607USA

Slingshot spiders use their conical webs to launch themselves at high speeds to catch *** built a launching mechanism inspired by the slingshot *** launch mechanisms comprise a steel structure with eye bolts to hold a conical web made from latex rubber *** pull the web by a winch using a lever arm.A quick-release mechanism connects the web to the winch using a tough-grid *** we release the quick-return mechanism,the projectile material consisting of a steel ball achieved an acceleration of 5107 m s^(-2) or 521 times gravity,and a speed of 66.41 m s^(-1).The power per unit mass and energy per unit mass of our prototype was one tenth and one fifth that of the spider’s web *** particular,we found that web structure consisting multiple radial web elements reinforced with circumferential web elements provide enhanced stiffness;as a comparison our web had a stiffness of about eight times that of traditional slingshot with a single radial web *** results suggest that adapting designs from nature can lead to potentially superior performance of man-made contraptions.

关键词： Slingshot spider Launching mechanisms Catapult Bioinspiration

Prediction of the Number of Tuberculosis Cases and Estimation of Its Treatment Cost in Saudi Arabia Using Proxy Information

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Open Journal of Statistics 2014年第9期4卷 726-735页

作者： mohamed m. Shoukri Bright varghese Sahal Al-Hajoj Futwan Al-mohanna National Biotechnology Centre King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia mycobacteriology Research Section Department of Infection and Immunity King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Cell Biology King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia

It is well known that the number of people with Tuberculosis (TB) and those who develop multidrug resistance (mDR) are the fundamental components that affect the total cost of treatment of TB. This paper has two-fold objectives. Firstly, we use the Generalized Linear Regression models (GLm) to predict the future count of persons with TB and mDR. Due to the fact that assessment of TB cost is methodologically difficult, and compounded with the lack of concrete information about the treatment cost in Saudi Arabia, our second objective is to use cost information from the EU countries as proxy to estimate the cost of treating TB. The cost predictions provide essential information that is part of the evidence needed for budgeting and financing the health care facilities of TB services, especially with respect to avoiding under-estimation of the cost of TB-mDR treatment.

关键词： Infectious Diseases Negative Binomial model TB Cost mDR