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One disease, many faces-typical and atypical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 infection-related COVID-19 disease

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第18期8卷 3956-3970页

作者： Cyriac Abby Philips Narain Mohan Rizwan Ahamed Sandeep Kumbar Sasidharan Rajesh tom George Meera Mohanan Philip Augustine The Liver Unit and Monarch Cochin Gastroenterology GroupErnakulam Medical CenterCochin 682025KeralaIndia Gastroenterology and Advanced GI Endoscopy Cochin Gastroenterology GroupErnakulam Medical CenterCochin 682025KeralaIndia Division of Hepatobiliary Interventional Radiology Cochin Gastroenterology GroupErnakulam Medical CenterCochin 682025KeralaIndia Anesthesia and Critical Care Cochin Gastroenterology GroupErnakulam Medical CenterCochin 682025KeralaIndia

Since the appearance of the novel coronavirus(severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2)and related coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in China in December 2019,a very high number of small and large patient series have been published in literature from around the *** though the classical presentation of COVID-19 is one with respiratory symptoms with or without pneumonia that can be self-limiting or evolve into severe respiratory distress syndrome with multiple organ failure,and secondary bacterial sepsis,a large body of evidence suggests a plethora of other types of clinical *** this exhaustive review,we reviewed all of the published literature on COVID-19 to identify different types of clinical presentations affecting various organ systems,to provide an in-depth analysis that may prove useful for clinicians and health-workers on the frontline,battling the severe pandemic.

关键词： Adult respiratory distress syndrome Sepsis COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 World Health Organization Centers for disease control

Combined non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes in severely obese patients-medium term effects of sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass on disease markers

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第6期11卷 795-807页

作者： Franck Billmann Sherehan El Shishtawi tom Bruckner Mostafa ElSheikh Beat Peter Muller-Stich Adrian Billeter Department of Surgery University Hospital of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Institut für Medizinische Biometrie und Informatik Universität HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Department of General Surgery El-Gharbia GovenorateTantaEl gash St.Medical CampusThe Faculty of MedicineTantaEgypt

Background:We aimed to evaluate the medium-term efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy(SG)***-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB)on remission of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:We identified severely obese patients[body mass index(BMI)>35 kg/m^(2)]with NAFLD(as defined by the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery Study)and T2DM(as defined by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology)who underwent SG or RYGB in a single university surgical *** cohorts were match-paired and data were analysed after at least 3 years of follow *** key outcomes measured were:(I)the improvement of liver function tests and NAFLD markers;(II)glycemic control and insulin ***:Ninety-six patients were investigated;44(45.8%)were *** mean pre-operative BMI was 45.2 kg/m2 in the SG and 42.0 kg/m^(2) in the RYGB *** and RYGB both significantly reduced serum liver enzyme *** markers resolved 2 years after SG in all *** contrast,only 78%and 80%of patients achieved remission of NAFLD 2 and 3 years after RYBG *** procedures resulted in comparable rates of remission of ***:Bariatric surgery with SG may be preferable to RYGB for obese patients with NAFLD and T2DM based on the rates of remission of markers of these ***,our results need to be confirmed in prospective *** the metabolic effects of specific bariatric surgical procedures may facilitate the development of a personalised approach to weight-loss surgery.

关键词： Bariatric surgery morbid obesity complications non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) gastric bypass sleeve gastrectomy(SG) transaminases

Phase segregation in inorganic mixed-halide perovskites:from phenomena to mechanisms

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Photonics Research 2020年第11期8卷 I0001-I0016页

作者： Yutao Wang Xavier Quintana Jiyun Kim Xinwei Guan Long Hu Chun-Ho Lin Brendon Tyler Jones Weijian Chen Xiaoming Wen Hanwei Gao tom Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering and Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Futures Institute University of New South Wales(UNSW)SydneyNSW 2052Australia Department of Physics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFlorida 32306USA Centre for Translational Atomaterials Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia

Halide perovskites,such as methylammonium lead halide perovskites(MAPbX3,X=I,Br,and Cl),are emerging as promising candidates for a wide range of optoelectronic applications,including solar cells,light-emitting diodes,and photodetectors,due to their superior optoelectronic ***-inorganic lead halide perovskites CsPbX3 are attracting a lot of attention because replacing the organic cations with Cs+enhances the stability,and its halide-mixing derivatives offer broad bandgap tunability covering nearly the entire visible ***,there is evidence suggesting that the optical properties of mixed-halide perovskites are influenced by phase segregation under external stimuli,especially illumination,which may negatively impact the performance of optoelectronic *** is reported that the mixed-halide perovskites in forms of thin films and nanocrystals are segregated into a low-bandgap I-rich phase and a high-bandgap Br-rich ***,we present a critical review on the synthesis and basic properties of all-inorganic perovskites,phase-segregation phenomena,plausible mechanisms,and methods to mitigate phase segregation,providing insights on advancing mixed-halide perovskite optoelectronics with reliable performance.

关键词： properties. spectrum. perovskite

Morphological Effects of Natural Products on Schizosaccharomyces pombe Measured by Imaging Flow Cytometry

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2014年第1期4卷 27-35页

作者： Joel Heisler Lindsay Elvir Farah Barnouti Erica Charles tom D.Wolkow Radha Pyati University of North Florida JacksonvilleFLUSA University of Coloradoat Colorado Springs Colorado SpringsCOUSA

Gaining a full understanding of the mechanisms of action of natural products as therapeutic agents includes observing the effects of natural products on cellular morphology,because abnormal cellular morphology is an important aspect of cellular transformations that occur as part of disease *** this study a set of natural products was examined in search of small molecules that influence the cylindrical morphology of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces *** flow cytometry of large populations of *** exposed to natural products captured cell images and revealed changes in mean length and aspect ratio of *** natural products were found to alter ***’s morphology relative to control,in terms of elongating cells,shrinking them,or making them more *** results may facilitate future investigations into methods by which cells establish and maintain specific shapes.

关键词： Schizosaccharomyces pombe Morphology Natural products Imaging flow cytometry Aspect ratio Fission yeast

Plasmon-induced trap filling at grain boundaries in perovskite solar cells

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第11期10卷 2233-2244页

作者： Kai Yao Siqi Li Zhiliang Liu Yiran Ying Petr Dvořák Linfeng Fei tomášŠikola Haitao Huang Peter Nordlander Alex K-Y.Jen Dangyuan Lei Institute of Photovoltaics/Department of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Institute of Physical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2Brno61669Czech Republic Laboratory for Nanophotonics Department of Physics and AstronomyDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTexas77005USA

The deep-level traps induced by charged defects at the grain boundaries(GBs)of polycrystalline organic-inorganic halide perovskite(OIHP)films serve as major recombination centres,which limit the device ***,we incorporate specially designed poly(3-aminothiophenol)-coated gold(Au@PAT)nanoparticles into the perovskite absorber,in order to examine the influence of plasmonic resonance on carrier dynamics in perovskite solar *** changes in the photophysical properties of the OIHP films reveal that plasmon excitation could fill trap sites at the GB region through photo-brightening,whereas transient absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations correlate this photo-brightening of trap states with plasmon-induced interfacial *** a result,the device achieved the best efficiency of 22.0%with robust operational *** work provides unambiguous evidence for plasmon-induced trap occupation in OIHP and reveals that plasmonic nanostructures may be one type of efficient additives to overcome the recombination losses in perovskite solar cells and thin-film solar cells in general.

关键词： perovskite grain absorber

Translocation and Distribution of Carbon-Nitrogen in Relation to Rice Yield and Grain Quality as Affected by High Temperature at Early Panicle Initiation Stage

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水稻科学:英文版 2023年第6期30卷 598-612页

作者： JI Dongling XIAO Wenhui SUN Zhiwei LIU Lijun GU Junfei ZHANG Hao Matthew tom HARRISON LIU Ke WANG Zhiqin WANG Weilu YANG Jianchang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety the Ministry of Education of ChinaInstitutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of TasmaniaNewnham DriveLauncestonTasmania 7248Australia

Due to climate change, extreme heat stress events have become more frequent, adversely affecting rice yield and grain quality. The accumulation and translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances are essential for rice yield and grain quality. To assess the impact of high temperature stress(HTS) at the early panicle initiation(EPI) stage on the accumulation, transportation, and distribution of dry matter and nitrogen substances in various organs of rice, as well as the resulting effects on rice yield and grain quality, pot experiments were conducted using an indica rice cultivar Yangdao 6(YD6) and a japonica rice cultivar Jinxiangyu 1(JXY1) under both normal temperature(32 ℃/26 ℃) and high temperature(38 ℃/29 ℃) conditions. The results indicated that exposure to HTS at the EPI stage significantly decreased rice yield by reducing spikelet number per panicle, grain-filling rate, and grain weight. However, it improved the nutritional quality of rice grains by increasing protein and amylose contents. The reduction in nitrogen and dry matter accumulation accounted for the changes in spikelet number per panicle, grain-filling rate, and grain size. Under HTS, the decrease in nitrogen accumulation accompanied by the reduction in dry matter may be due to the down-regulation of leaf net photosynthesis and senescence, as evidenced by the decrease in nitrogen content. Furthermore, the decrease in sink size limited the translocation of dry matter and nitrogen substances to grains, which was closely related to the reduction in grain weight and the deterioration of grain quality. These findings significantly contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of HTS on grain yield and quality formation from the perspective of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation and translocation. Further efforts are needed to improve the adaptability of rice varieties to climate change in the near future.

关键词： rice early panicle initiation stage high temperature stress carbon-nitrogen translocation grain yield grain quality

When It Strikes,Are We Ready?Lessons Identified at the 7th Planetary Defense Conference in Preparing for a Near-Earth Object Impact Scenario

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第1期13卷 151-159页

作者： Shirish Ravan tom De Groeve Lara Mani Einar Bjorgo Richard Moissl Jose Miguel Roncero Katherine Rowan David Schuld Leviticus A.Lewis Romana Kofler United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs(UNOOSA) United Nations1220 ViennaAustria European Commission Joint Research Centre 21027 IspraItaly Centre for the Study of Existential Risk University of CambridgeCambridge CB21SBUK Division for Satellite Analysis United Nations Institute for Training and Research(UNITAR)1202 GenevaSwitzerland European Space Agency/European Space Research and Technology Centre(ESA/ESTEC) 2201 AZ NoordwijkThe Netherlands Security and Situational Awareness Unit European Commission's Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations1049 BrusselsBelgium Department of Communication George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Hagerty Consulting EvanstonIL 60201USA Response Operations Division Federal Emergency Management AgencyWashingtonDC 20024USA

Near-Earth object(NEO)impact is one of the examples of high impact and low probability(HILP)event,same as the Covid-19 pandemic the world faces since the beginning of *** 7 th Planetary Defense Conference held by the International Academy of Astronautics(IAA)in April 2021 included an exercise on a hypothetical NEO impact event,allowing the planetary defense community to discuss potential *** the span of the 4-day conference this exercise connected disaster response and management professionals to participate in a series of panels,providing feedback and perspective on the unfolding crisis *** hypothetical but realistic asteroid threat scenario illustrated how such a short-warning threat might *** scenario utilized during the conference indicates a need to prepare now for what might come in the future,because even with advance notice,preparation time might be *** scenario chose Europe for the impact,which may likely cope with such a disaster,through the Union Civil Protection Mechanism(UCPM)and other solidarity and support mechanisms within the European Union(EU),as well as with potential support from international *** short article raises concern about other areas in the world on how they may access NEO impact information and cope with such *** also provides an idea on vast scale of such disaster vis-a-vis the current capacity of response systems to cope with a larger event in Europe or *** scenario showed that planetary defense is a global *** engagement of the planetary defense and disaster response communities is essential in order to keep the world safe from potential disasters caused by NEO impacts.

关键词： Asteroid threats Disaster risk reduction Planetary defense Risk management and prevention

Dispersion of neutron spin resonance mode in Ba0.67K0.33Fe2As2

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第12期30卷 605-610页

作者：谢涛刘畅 tom Fennell Uwe Stuhr 李世亮罗会仟 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging Paul Scherrer Institut Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory

We report an inelastic neutron scattering investigation on the spin resonance mode in the optimally hole-doped ironbased superconductor Ba0.67K0.33Fe2As2with Tc= 38.2 K. Although the resonance is nearly two-dimensional with peak energy ER ≈14 meV, it splits into two incommensurate peaks along the longitudinal direction([H, 0, 0]) and shows an upward dispersion persisting to 26 meV. Such dispersion breaks through the limit of total superconducting gaps ?tot= |?k| + |?k+Q|(about 11–17 meV) on nested Fermi surfaces measured by high resolution angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy(ARPES). These results cannot be fully understood by the magnetic exciton scenario under s±-pairing symmetry of superconductivity, and suggest that the spin resonance may not be restricted by the superconducting gaps in the multi-band systems.

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Intra-Articular Cartilage Calcification Associated with Type II Pro-Collagen Accumulation in Chondrocytes and Abnormal Fibrils in the Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM): Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2019年第4期8卷 62-86页

作者： Peter Storgaard Skagen tom Nicolaisen Department of Sports Traumatology Frederikssund Hospital Frederikssund Denmark

Objective: The purpose of this case-study was to perform morphological and molecular analysis of articular cartilage biopsies from the femoral condyle of a 33 year old woman with intra-articular calcification in the right knee joint and compare the findings with those of normal cartilage. Methods: Femural condyle cartilage biopsies were used for Light Microscopy (LM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), explant culturing and DNA mutation analysis of the COL2A1 gene. Results: X-ray of the affected knee joint showed intra-articular calcifications on the femur condyle, tibia and meniscus. Pathological LM and TEM examination of cartilage biopsies revealed calcified islands morphologically identical to calcium pyro-phosphate dehydrate (CPPD) and hydroxyapatite (HA)-like crystals. In addition, chondrocytes showed accumulation of pro-collagen molecules. With explant culturing and immunochemistry, it was confirmed that matrix calcification correlated with high intracellular matrix accumulation and expression of type X collagen. The induction of hypertrophy in chondrocytes was further associated with matrix vesicle (MV) release and a prominent calcification zone. Surprisingly, TEM showed crystal development on thick abnormal type II collagen fibrils suggesting that these ECM components might nucleate and contribute to calcification. Conclusions: We suggest that intra-articular calcification may be associated with type II pro-collagen accumulation in chondrocytes. In particular, we hypothesize that matrix accumulation may induce hypertrophy and type X collagen expression in cartilage cells and release of MV’s into the ECM, which together with thick abnormal type II collagen hetero-fibrils, are responsible for crystal deposition in the ECM.

关键词： Calcification Collagen Bundles Endoplasmic Reticulum Storage Disease (ERSD)