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A detailed reconstruction of changes in the factors and parameters of soil erosion over the past 250 years in the forest zone of European Russia(Moscow region)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第1期10卷 149-160页

作者： Andrey Zhidkin Daria Fomicheva Nadezhda Ivanova tomas dostal Alla Yurova Mikhail Komissarov Josef Krasa V.V.dokuchaev soil science institute pyzhevskiy pereulok 7moscow119017russian federation Faculty of geography lomonosov moscow state universityleninskie gorygsp-1moscow119991russian federation Department of landscape water conservation faculty of civil engineeringczech technical university in praguethakurova 7prague16629czech republic Ufa institute of biology ufrc russian academy of sciencespr.oktyabrya 69ufa450054russian federation

Accelerated soil erosion is a major threat to soil,and there are great variations in the rate of soil erosion over time due to natural and human-induced *** temperate forest zone of Russia is character-ized by complex stages of land-use history(*** urbanization,agricultural development,land abandonment,etc.).We have for the first time estimated the rates of soil erosion by the WaTEM/SEDEM model(rainfall erosion)and by a regional model(snowmelt erosion)over the past 250 years(from 1780 to 2019)for a 100-km2 study site in the Moscow region of *** calculations were made on the basis of a detailed historical reconstruction of the following factors:the location of the arable land,crop rotation,the rain erosivity factor,and the maximum snow water *** area of arable land has decreased more than 3.5-fold over the past 250 *** the end of the 20th century,the rates of gross erosion had declined more than 5.5-fold(from 28×10^(3) to 5×10^(3) t·ha^(-1)yr^(-1))in comparison with the end of the 18th *** in the boundaries of arable land and also the relief features had led to a significant intra-slope accumulation of *** a result of sediment redeposition within the arable land,the variation in net soil erosion was significantly lower than the variation in gross soil *** changes in arable land area and in crop composition are the factors that have to the greatest extent determined the changes in soil erosion in this territory.

关键词： Anthropogenic soil erosion Soil erosion history Crop rotation Magnetic tracer method WaTEM/SEDEM

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SHui, an EU-Chinese cooperative project to optimize soil and water management in agricultural areas in the ⅩⅪ century

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： José A.Gómez Alon Ben-Gal Juan J.Alarcón Gabrielle De lannoy Shannon de Roos tomá(s)dostál Elias Fereres Diego S.Intrigliolo Josef Krása Andreas Klik Gunther liebhard Reinhard Nolz Aviva Peeters Elke Plaas John N.Quinton Rui Miao Peter Strauss Weifeng Xu Zhiqiang Zhang Funing Zhong David Zumr Ian C.Dodd Institute for Sustainable Agriculture IASCSICAvda Menendez Pidal S/NCordobaSpain Agricultural Research Organization Gilat Research CenterIsrael Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada Del Segura(CSIC) Dept.RiegoMurciaSpain Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Civil Engineering.CVUTPragueCzech Republic Agronomy Department University of CordobaCordobaSpain University of Agricultural Sciences Vienna(BOKU) ViennaAustria TerraVision lab Midreshet Ben-GurionIsrael Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen Germany Centre for Sustainable Agriculture Lancaster Environment CentreLancaster UniversityUK Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of life Sciences Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina Institute for land and Water Management Research Federal Agency for Water ManagementPetzenkirchenAustria College of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina College of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNAUNanjingChina

This article outlines the major scientific objectives of the SHui project that seeks to optimize soil and water use in agricultural systems in the EU and China,by considering major current scientific challenges in this ***(for Soil Hydrology research platform underpinning innovation to manage water scarcity in European and Chinese cropping systems)is large cooperative project that aims to provide significant advances through transdisciplinary research at multiple scales(plot,field,catchment and region).This paper explains our research platform of long-term experiments established at plot scale,approaches taken to integrate crop and hydrological models at field scale;coupled crop models and satellite-based observations at regional scales;decision support systems for specific farming situations;and the integration of these technologies to provide policy recommendations through socio-economic analysis of the impact of soil and water saving *** also outlines the training of stake-holders to develop a basic common curriculum despite the subject being distributed across different disciplines and *** such,this article provides a review of major challenges for improving soil and water use in EU and China as well as information about the potential to access information made available by SHui,and to allow others to engage with the project.

关键词： Yield Sustainability Cropping Cooperation

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Remaking a connection:molecular players involved in post-injury synapse formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1719-1720页

作者： Diogo tomé Ramiro D.Almeida iBiMED-Institute of Biomedicine Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology University of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Functional recovery from central nervous system(CNS)trauma depends not only on axon regeneration or compensatory sprouting of uninjured fibers but also on the ability of newly grown axons to establish functional synapses with appropriate *** several studies have successfully promoted long-distance axonal regeneration in distinct CNS injury models,none of them have resulted in a viable therapeutic approach for patient recovery.A possible reason may be the lack of new synaptogenesis for reestablishing the circuitry lost after ***,we discuss how our understanding of the mechanisms that instruct synapse formation in the injured nervous system may contribute to the design of new strategies to promote functional restoration in traumatic CNS disorders.

关键词： viable injury instru

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk laura Nadal Marta tomàs Carolina Silvera-Simón Manel M.Santafé Maria A.lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through l-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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Butterfly-plant interactions and body size patterns along an elevational gradient in the Manang region of central Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第5期17卷 1115-1127页

作者： Bimal Raj SHRESTHA Binu TIMSINA Zuzana MüNZBERGOVá tomás dostálEK Prakash GAUDEl Tej *** Maan B.ROKAYA Central Department of Zoology Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu44600Nepal Department of Institute of Environmental Studies/Botany Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityBenatska 212801 PragueCzech Republic Department of Biodiversity Research Global Change Research CentreCzech Academy of SciencesBelidla 4a60300 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of SciencesZamek 125243 PruhoniceCzech Republic

Butterflies are widely studied due to their key ecosystem *** this reason,they are used in ecosystem assessment,formulating conservation plans and in raising the environmental *** of different factors affecting diversity of butterflies is important for their effective *** this study,we investigated abiotic and biotic factors affecting species richness and community composition of butterflies along an elevational gradient in Manang region,central *** also tested if butterfly species follow the Bergmann’s rule.A total of 57 butterfly species belonging to 39 genera and 8 families were recorded in the study *** of a total of 127 plant species identified in the study region,only 67 plant species were visited by butterflies as nectar *** richness of butterflies increased with increasing *** richness was significantly higher in places with shrubs compared to other places and also in autumn than in *** richness of butterflies also depended on composition of plant species occurring at the *** species composition varied among sampling *** was also determined by habitat type,elevation,sampling time,plant species and interactions of elevation×*** relationship between butterfly size and elevation was in the opposite direction than expected according to the Bergmann’s *** conclusion,protection of butterfly diversity can only be achieved by protecting different habitats across the diverse physiography of the region and different plant species,in particular herbs and *** results do not support the Bergmann’s rule for butterflies along an elevational gradient in our region.

关键词： lepidoptera Microhabitat Species richness Species composition Bergmann’s rule

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Beginning from the end:the presynaptic terminal as a pathomechanism hub in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3217-3218页

作者： laura Huggon Emma l.Clayton UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College london LondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology&NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUK

Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:Frontotemporal dementia(F T D)and amyo t rophic lateral sclerosis(AlS)are neurodegenerative diseases with significant overlapping *** these neurodegenerative diseases affect different neuronal populations(with FTD affecting neurons of the frontal and temporal lobes,and AlS affecting upper and lower motor neurons),these two diseases are complexly *** and AlS exist on a disease spectrum,with shared genetic causes,clinical presentations,and pathologies.

关键词： diseases amyotrophic sclerosis

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Importance of the Development of Veterinary Toxicology in Argentina

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1989年第1期2卷 7-16页

作者： tomáS A.lóPEZ Instituto

The different types of toxic substances that affect farm animals in Argentina are described. These substances include (a) toxic plants, such as Solanum glaucophyllum. Baccharis coridifolia, Festuca arundinacea; (b) mycotoxins, such as zearalenone, tremorgenic mycotoxins, and ergoalkaloid; (c) trace elements, such as fluorine, copper, molybdenum, and arsenic; and (d) others, such as toxic algae and pesticides. The direct and indirect economic loss of farm animals associated with these toxic substances in Argentina is roughly estimated at 50 million dollars a year. A number of recommendations are made to ameliorate the situation. 1989 Academic Press, Inc.

关键词： In Importance of the Development of Veterinary Toxicology in Argentina

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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica l.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

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Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.lee Ryota l.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

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An ultrafast reconfigurable nanophotonic switch using wavefront shaping of light in a nonlinear nanomaterial

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light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 78-84页

作者： tom Strudley Roman Bruck Ben Mills Otto l Muskens Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Physical Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO171BJUK Optoelectronics Research Centre Faculty of Physical Sciences and EngineeringUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthampton SO171BJUK

We demonstrate a new concept for reconfigurable nanophotonic devices exploiting ultrafast nonlinear control of shaped wavefronts in a multimode nanomaterial consisting of semiconductor *** pulsed laser excitation of the nanowire mat is shown to provide an efficient nonlinear mechanism to control both destructive and constructive interference in a shaped *** of up to 63%are induced by optical pumping,due to a combination of multimode dephasing and induced transient *** show that part of the nonlinear phase dynamics can be inverted to provide a dynamical revival of the wavefront into an optimized spot with up to 18%increase of the peak to background ratio caused by pulsed laser *** concepts of multimode nonlinear switching demonstrated here are generally extendable to other photonic and plasmonic systems and enable new avenues for ultrafast and reconfigurable nanophotonic devices.

关键词： nanophotonics nanowires nonlinear optics reconfigurable ultrafast wavefront shaping

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