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Focus Group Discussion—Psychodrama in Corporate Environment: Leverage of Investigation of Employees’ Origins of Dissatisfaction within Fludor Benin SA

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第3期7卷 162-175页

作者： Djidonou Anselme Fiossi-Kpadonou Emilie Hounmènou Jean-Claude Sèdognon Floret Arthur Djidonou Lionelle Esméralda Riboux Alain tognon tchégnonsi francis University of Parakou Mental Health Department Parakou Benin University of Abomey-Calavi Mental Health Department Cotonou Benin University of Abomey-Calavi Psychology and Science Education Department Abomey-Calavi Benin Social Change Socio-Anthropologist Montreal University Montreal Canada High Institute of Commerce and Management Cotonou Benin Brussels Free University Faculty of Medicine Brussels Belgium

Background: Employees’ dissatisfaction is as a result of confrontations of two divergent views, compliance with collective labor agreement and the company’s profitability requirements. However, the documentation of internal and external environmental impacts on the employees is poor. Our objective was to study workers’ origin of dissatisfaction from the negative impact of Fludor Benin SA internal and external environment. Population and methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted from 11th September 2013 to 08th January 2014, on Fludor Benin SA employees. Data collection was carried out over ten (10) sessions through administration of Focus Group Discussion modules coupled with psychodrama (FGD-psychodrama) and conducted fortnightly. The module was intended for a group of twelve employees per session. It lasted 2 hours and ended with a game comprising a set of sixteen (16) cards. Each participant’s 16-card deck allowed the “player” to identify the likely origin of his dissatisfaction at work. Results: One hundred and twenty (120) employees were expected, but only ninety-nine (99) had participated in the FGD-psychodrama. The rate of participation was 82.5%. The average age of the employees was 35.4 ± 7.4 years, while sex-ratio was 23.75. Average seniority was 9.3 ± 3.2 years. The employees’ robot profile was: 39 (39.39%) passive employees, 18 (18.19%) disappointed employees, 17 (17.17%) unmotivated employees, 14 (14.14%) dedicated to the company but barely recognized and 11 (11.11%) unhappy employees. The reasons for dissatisfaction originated from matrimonial home 25 (25.25%), workplace 23 (23.23%) and use of drugs 11 (11.11%). Seventy-seven 77 (77.78%) employees were satisfied with the FGD-psychodrama modules. Conclusion: FGD-psychodrama may be an effective tool to restore unhealthy corporate atmosphere, help employees to discern the origin of their dissatisfaction and change their perception about stressful situations prevailing in their workplace.

关键词： Dissatisfaction Workplace Focus Group Discussion-Psychodrama Fludor Benin SA

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Synthesis of nanostructured zinc oxide and its composite with carbon dots for DSSCs applications using flexible electrode

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2024年第3期4卷 77-83页

作者： Habtamu Fekadu Etefa francis Birhanu Dejene Department of Physics Walter Sisulu UniversityPrivate Bag X-1Mthatha5117South Africa

ZnO nanowires(ZnO NWs),ZnO nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)and carbon dots(C-dots)were synthesized by hydrothermal,sol-gel and hydrothermal methods *** were also characterized and applied for dye sensitized solar cells(DSSCs).The effects of C-dots on ZnO NWs and ZnO NPs have been *** C-dots were used at a mole ratio of citric acid(CA)to ethylene diamine(EDA)of 1:*** C-dots were found to enhance the performance of the flexible electrode *** the addition of C-dots,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of ZnO NPs was boosted to be two times higher than that of ZnO NPs DSSCs without ***,the ultraviolet(UV)-band revealed a blue shift,resulting in a lower band gap and a reduced charge transfer resistance,which can enhance the PCE of *** loaded quantity on the flexible electrode substrate made of polyethylene terephthalate(PET)was optimized(50 mg).For DSSCs,the PET flexible electrode conductive polymer has produced positive *** ZnO NWs and ZnO NWs@C-dots,the PCE values were 1.45%and 4.25%;while for ZnO NPs and ZnO NPs@C-dots,they were 2.34%and 5.81%,*** work achieved remarkable and competitive performance when compared to solid(indium tin oxides/glass)-based substrate.

关键词： ZnO NWs@C-dots ZnO NPs@C-dots PET DSSCs Flexible electrode

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Problematic Use of Video Games in Schools in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 120-141页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba David Sinet Koivogui Damega Wenkourama Marcos Tohou Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou francis tognon tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université de Kara Kara Togo Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Kara Kara Togo Facultés des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Nationale Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin

Objective: To study the problematic use of video games among secondary school students in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the commune of Parakou from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of students regularly enrolled in public and private secondary schools in the city of Parakou for the 2022-2023 academic year. A two-stage non-proportional stratified sampling technique combined with simple random sampling was adopted. The Problem Video Game Playing (PVP) scale was used to assess problem gambling in the study population, while anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: A total of 1030 students were included. The mean age of the pupils surveyed was 15.06 ± 2.68 years, with extremes of 10 and 28 years. The [13 - 18] age group was the most represented, with a proportion of 59.6% (614) in the general population. Females predominated, at 52.8% (544), with a sex ratio of 0.89. The prevalence of problematic video game use was 24.9%, measured using the Video Game Playing scale. Associated factors were male gender (p = 0.005), pocket money under 10,000 cfa (p = 0.001) and between 20,000 - 90,000 cfa (p = 0.030), addictive family behavior (p < 0.001), monogamous family (p = 0.023), good relationship with father (p = 0.020), organization of video game competitions (p = 0.001) and definite anxiety (p Conclusion: Substance-free addiction is struggling to attract the attention it deserves, as it did in its infancy everywhere else. This study complements existing data and serves as a reminder of the need to focus on this group of addictions, whose problematic use of video games remains the most frequent due to its accessibility and social tolerance. Preventive action combined with curative measures remains the most effective means of combating the problem at national level.

关键词： Gaming Problem Video Games Benin 2023

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The Potential Game-Changer:A Concept-to-Proof Study on D:A Heterojunction-Free Organic Photovoltaics

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 252-258页

作者： Lijian Zuo Sae Byeok Jo Xueliang Shi francis Lin Alex Jen State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310058 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU)Suwon16419 Republic of Korea School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering East China Normal UniversityShanghai200062 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy Hong KongChina

Since 1986,the donor-acceptor (D:A) heterojunction has been regarded a necessity for high-efficiency organic photovoltaics (OPVs),due to its unique advantage in compensating the intrinsic limitations of organic semiconductors,such as high exciton binding energy and poor ambipolar charge mobility. While this adversely causes tremendous non-radiative charge recombination and instability issues,which currently become the most critical limits for commercialization of OPVs. Here,we present a concept-to-proof study on the potential of D:A heterojunction free OPV by taking advantage of recent progress of non-fullerene acceptors. First,we demonstrate that the “free carriers” can be spontaneously generated upon illumination in an NFA,i.e.,the 6TIC-4F single layer. Second,the 6TIC-4F layer also exhibits good ambipolar charge transporting property. These exceptional characteristics distinguish it from the traditional organic semiconductors,and relieve it from the reliance of D:A heterojunction to independently work as active layer. As a result,the subsequent OPV by simply sandwiching the 6TIC-4F layer between the cathode and anode yields a considerably high power conversion efficiency ~1%. Moreover,we find the D:A heterojunction free device exhibits two order of magnitude higher electroluminescence quantum efficiency and significantly reduced VOC loss by 0.16 eV compared to those of the D:A BHJ structure,validating its promise for higher efficiency in the future. Therefore,our work demonstrates the possibility of using D:A heterojunction-free device structure for high performance,that can potentially become the next game changer of OPV.

关键词： Organic solar cells Spontaneous charge generation Ambipolar charge transport Charge recombination Perovskite-like organic semiconductor Schottky-junction structure Single component

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Eating Disorders among Students in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 11-28页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza-Gnandji David Sinet Koïvogui Wifrieda Aguidissou Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou francis tognon tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: From their earliest hours, human beings are able to identify a source of food and to feed themselves. Feeding is therefore one of the most instinctive human functions. It is regulated by several factors (physiological, psycho-affective and environmental) whose disruption can lead to eating disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate eating disorders among students in the town of Parakou in 2023. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from January to July 2023 in various universities in the city of Parakou, Benin. The study population consisted of all students in grades 1 to 7 at these universities. A two-stage non-proportional stratified sampling technique combined with a simple random draw was adopted. The Eating Attitude Test-26, Bulimia Inventory Test Edinburgh and a set of questions focusing on the diagnostic criteria for pica were used to screen for pica and other disorders such as anorexia, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 25. Results: A total of 607 students were surveyed, 323 of whom had eating disorders. A prevalence of 53.21% of students at risk of eating disorders was found. In relation to the total population, the prevalences of anorexia, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder and pica were 45.96%, 0.82%, 15.48% and 12.68% respectively. In multivariate analysis, seven factors explained the risk to develop at least one eating disorder among the students surveyed. These were: urban area of residence (OR (95% CI) = 5.059 (1.75 - 14.65);p = 0.003);year of study (OR (95% CI) = 0.47 (0.28 - 0.79);p = 0.035);type of university attended (private university: OR (95% CI) = 1.63 (1.08 - 2.44);p = 0.019);parents’ marital status (couple or not) (OR (95% CI) = 1.50 (1.01 - 2.24);p = 0.046);father’s level of education: secondary (OR (CI 95%) = 3.85 (1.96 - 7.54);p 0.001)/higher (OR (CI 95%) = 2.83 (1.36 - 5.86);p = 0.005);mother’s one:

关键词： Eating Disorders Benin 2023

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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among Defence and Security Forces in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 142-161页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza Gnandji David Sinet Koivogui Dalmace Fauste Adjaho Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou francis tognon tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Nationale Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as “actual exposure to death or the threat of death, serious injury or sexual violence”, either directly or indirectly, resulting in a symptomatic procession of repetition, avoidance, neurovegetative hyperactivity and individualized symptoms, with or without negative cognitive and mood changes. It therefore goes without saying that the defence and security forces constitute a high-risk population in need of attention. Objective: To study post-traumatic stress disorder in defence and security forces in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of active military, republican police and firefighters in the city of Parakou in 2023. Non-proportional stratified sampling was used, given the inaccessibility of the source population size for national security reasons. Post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed using the “post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCLS-5) scale. Results: A total of 305 subjects participated in the survey. Males dominated 90.2%. The most represented corps was the Republican Police (41.6%), most of whom were non-commissioned officers (46.6%). The majority count between 11 and 20 years of service (48.9%), with 2 to 5 missions completed (67.5%). The calculated prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was 11.8%, based on the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCL-5). Of the 36 respondents with post-traumatic stress disorder, 20 (55.6%) had experienced an armed attack, 25 (69.4%) had witnessed a violent death, 18 (50.0%) had witnessed the agony of a colleague, 15 (41.7%) had been exposed to a fire or explosion, while 26 (72.2%) had been traumatized by physical and/or verbal aggression. 5 (13.9%) had consulted a specialist psychiatrist, while 6 (16.7%) were on medication and 26 (72.2%) used sport as a means of maintaining physical and mental health. Respectively 22 (61.1

关键词： Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Forces Defence Security Benin 2023

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Sexual Assault and Its Psychopathological Repercussions in the Life of Female Students in Northeastern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 163-178页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Djibrilla Moussa Oumou Ousseyni Zika Fidélia Dotou Coovi Ignace Tokpanoude Anselme Djidonou Djibo Douma Maiga francis tognon tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Départemental du Borgou Alibori Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien de Réhabilitation d’Insertion et de Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université André Salifou de Zinder Zinder Niger Service de Psychiatrie H?pital National de Zinder Zinder Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey Niamey Niger Service de Psychiatrie H?pital National de Niamey Niamey Niger Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de Cotonou Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire - Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychic repercussions of sexual assault among female students in Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2022 to July 2023 among all students at the University of Parakou. The sampling technique was stratified non-proportional at two levels. The dependent variable was self-reported sexual assault. The psychopathological repercussions linked to sexual assault and explored in these students were: post-traumatic stress disorder assessed with the Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 (PCL-5) scale;and current depression screened with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale. Results: A total of 376 female students from the University of Parakou meeting the inclusion criteria were surveyed. The average age of the subjects surveyed was 20.56 ± 2.46 years, with extremes of 16 and 32 years. A predominance of subjects under 25 was observed. The prevalence of sexual assault among female students at the University of Parakou was 10.63%. The types of aggression suffered were mostly rape (18 people;45%) and sexual touching (16 people;40%), and the aggressors were mainly friends/boyfriends (13;32.5%), family members (12;30.0%) and people from the house/neighborhood (9;22.5%). Psychological repercussions included depression in 72.5% (29) of cases, with mild depression in 30% (12), moderate depression in 37.5% (15) and severe depression in 5% (2). Anxiety disorders were present in 27.50% (11) of victims. The risk factors associated with sexual assault in these students were gravidity (p = 0.014;OR = 15.32), unhappy life events (p = 0.01;OR = 17.24), and age of first sexual intercourse (p = 0.016;OR = 4.608). Conclusion: One in ten female students in Parakou has been sexually assaulted. Once again, preventive action through effective sex education is a means of fighting the problem that should be prioritized for every girl and boy from an early age. Psychological s

关键词： Sexual Assault Psychopathological Repercussions Benin 2023

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Maternal Burnout: Prevalence and Associated Factors in Northern Benin (2023)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 29-44页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza Gnandji David Sinet Koivogui Owèrè Charlotte Dagan Coovi Ignace Tokpanoude Kwamé Abdias Adoufou Anselme Djidonou francis tognon tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Faculté de Médecine Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de la Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: Also known as maternal burnout syndrome, maternal burnout is a state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion generated by prolonged stress in the family environment. It is experienced by women in their role as mothers. Those affected can develop psychological disorders, sleep disturbances, etc., all of which impair their day-to-day lives, and thus their maternal role. The repercussions affect both the child and other family members. Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate maternal burnout among female users of public and private health facilities in the commune of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to July 2023 among all mothers using public and private health facilities in the commune of Parakou. All healthy mothers with at least one biological or adoptive child fully dependent on them and living at home, who came for a consultation in one of the health facilities or for an appointment at the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) and gave their free and informed consent. Sampling was done for non-exhaustive convenience were included in the study. Burnout was assessed using the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) scale. Results: A total of 888 mothers meeting the inclusion criteria were surveyed. The prevalence of burnout calculated using the Parental Burnout Assessment (PBA) scale was 6.19%. The risk factors for maternal burnout were poor relationships with family and friends (OR = 8.90;p = 0.045), moderate (OR = 11.71;p = 0.020) and severe depression (OR = 40.85;p = 0.001), followed by the presence of repeated nocturnal awakening (OR = 5.14;p = 0.014). Conclusion: This is a subject that is almost never discussed in African society, but whose reality is revealed by the present study, which provided statistical data on maternal burnout. From now on, the risk of burnout will no longer be discussed solely in the family context. It will also need to be explored within the fam

关键词： Burnout Maternal Benin 2023

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Doped low-density parity-check codes

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第1期10卷 217-226页

作者： Yong Li Rui Liu Xianlong Jiao Youqiang Hu Zhen Luo francis C.M.Lau College of Computer Science Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China School of Automation Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Future Wireless Networks and IoT Focusing Area Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

In this paper,we propose a doping approach to lower the error floor of Low-Density Parity-Check(LDPC)*** doping component is a short block code in which the information bits are selected from the coded bits of the dominant trapping sets of the LDPC ***,an algorithm for selecting the information bits of the short code is proposed,and a specific two-stage decoding algorithm is *** results demonstrate that the proposed doped LDPC code achieves up to 2.0 dB gain compared with the original LDPC code at a frame error rate of 10^(-6)Furthermore,the proposed design can lower the error floor of original LDPC Codes.

关键词： LDPC codes Doped LDPC codes Tanner graph Quadratic residue codes Trapping sets

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Technical efficiency of cocoa farms at varying elevation levels in Davao City, Philippines: implications to sustainable upland farming systems

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 33-48页

作者： francis Levi A.DURANO Jon Marx SARMIENTO Larry N.DIGAL Pedro A.ALVIOLA IV School of Management University of the Philippines MindanaoDavao City 8000Philippines

Elevation is one of many components that influence agriculture, and this in turn affects the level of both inputs and outputs of farmers. This article focuses on the productivity and technical efficiency of 100 cocoa farms using cross-sectional data from areas ranging from 190 to 1021 m above sea level which were classified as low, medium, and high elevation in Davao City, considered as the chocolate capital of the Philippines. Using stochastic frontier analysis, the results showed that the cost of inputs per ha and the number of cocoa trees per ha significantly increase yield. Farms at high elevations were less technically efficient, as this entails lower temperatures and increased rainfall, and cocoa farming in those areas and conditions can be more challenging, especially with changes in farming practices, terrain, and distance to markets. Other significant variables were age of cocoa farms, married farmers, and age of the farmers. Older farms may be more developed, farmers who are married benefit from their spouses being able to readily contribute as farm labor, and lastly, older farmers' inefficiency may likely stem from nonadaptation of newer farming practices. With an average technical efficiency of 0.61, 0.63, and 0.26 in low, medium, and high elevation areas, respectively, farmers therefore have an incentive to improve farm practices and consider topographical variations found in high elevation areas. Recommendations for the improvement of technical efficiency of cocoa farms are better connectivity to markets, enhancing farm practices, and continuation and improvement of government programs on cocoa with an added emphasis on research. For farmers in high elevation areas, mitigating solutions such as sustainable agriculture practices and ecolabelling are key to improving efficiency and minimizing the potential negative impact on upland farming systems. Moreover, such adaptation measures may also contribute to sustainability of cocoa farming in high elevation

关键词： Cocoa farms Cobb-Douglas production function Elevation Philippines Stochastic frontier analysis Technical efficiency

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