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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第28期18卷 3705-3709页

作者： Nayantara Coelho-prabhu David M Nagorney todd H Baron Mayo Clinic College of Medicine Rochester MN 55905 United States

AIM: To describe endoscopic treatment of bile leaks in these patients and to identify risk factors in these patients which can predict the development of bile leaks. METHODS: Retrospective case-control study examining consecutive patients who underwent partial hepatectomy for polycystic liver disease (pLD) and developed a postoperative bile leak managed endoscopically over a ten year period. Each case was matched with two controls with pLD who did not develop a postoperative bile leak. RESULTS: Ten cases underwent partial hepatectomy with fenestration for symptoms including abdominal distention, pain and nausea. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCp) showed anatomic abnormalities in 1 case. A biliary sphincterotomy was performed in 4 cases. A plastic biliary stent was placed with the proximal end at the site of the leak in 9 cases; in 1 case two stents were placed. The overall success rate of ERCp to manage the leak was 90%. There were no significant differences in age, gender, comorbidities, duration of symptoms, history of previous surgery or type of surgery performed between cases and controls. CONCLUSION: ERCp with stent placement is safe and effective for management of post-hepatectomy bile leak in patients with pLD.

关键词：切除术症状治疗开窗肝持续时间 pLD 危险因素

Analysis of Oxides Formed on the Surface of the Alloy 690 in Hydrogenated Supercritical Water

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2016年第8期29卷 774-781页

作者： Jin Gao Fa-rong Wan Guo-ping Cao Kumar Sridharan todd Allen School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison

The oxides formed on the surface of the alloy 690 in hydrogenated supercritical water at 400℃ for 1000 h were investigated using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray *** oxides on me surface of the alloy 690 exhibited multi-layer structure：an outer layer consisted of granular crystallites（NiO and NiFe_2O_4） and a compact inner layer（spinel and Cr_2O_3）.Chemical analysis indicated that the outer layer was enriched in nickel but depleted in chromium,whereas the inner layer was enriched in chromium and iron but depleted in *** inner layer was also characterized as layered structure by Fe-rich spinel on top of continuous Cr_2O_3 ***,Cr_2O_3 nodules were readily observed at the oxides/alloy interface.

关键词： Alloy 690 Supercritical water Oxides Corrosion

Influence of varying bedding thickness of underclay on floor stability

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第3期27卷 517-523页

作者： Jessu Kashi Vishwanath Kostecki todd Ray Spearing Anthony John Spencer Zhang Jixiong Western Australia School of Mines Curtin University Kalgoorlie 6430 Australia Southern Illinois University Carhondale 62901 USA The State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China

The variation in bedding thickness of the weak immediate floor has long been a challenge in the Illinois basin coal mines when it comes to floor stability. The vertical thickness of the immediate floor is not constant throughout the mines and can vary over short horizontal distances. The biggest misconception from a design standpoint is to use the maximum or average thickness found from core logs taken from various locations on the mine property. The result of this practice is oversized pillars in the areas where the weak immediate floor has thinned vertically. This over-design leaves coal in situ which could have otherwise been extracted. This paper presents a plane strain numerical model to illustrate the effect of a change in bedding thickness of a weak immediate floor across one or two coal pillars. The floor bearing capacity of the variable floor below each pillar where then compared to the consistent floor. The results show that the varying bedding thickness of weak underclay has an impact on the bearing capacity of the *** with the decrease in bedding thickness for constant pillar width, the B/H ratio increases exponentially. The influence of varying bedding thickness on the floor bearing capacity is apparent at higher B/H ratios. The floor bearing capacity under a single pillar is in variable floor model if the average thickness remains constant. For single pillar, the average of the bedding thickness can be considered and for pillars in a panel, and a safety factor has been proposed to take into account this change in bedding thickness.

关键词： Bedding thickness Underclay Fireclay Illinois Basin Floor bearing capacity Floor safety factor

Successful endoscopic treatment of colonic gallstone ileus using electrohydraulic lithotripsy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第12期16卷 1533-1536页

作者： Martin D Zielinski Lincoln E Ferreira todd H Baron Division of Trauma Critical Care and General Surgery Department of Medicine Federal University of Juiz de Fora Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

The surgical management of gallstone ileus is complex and potentially highly *** management requires enterolithotomy and is generally followed by fistula resection at a later *** have been reports of gallstone extraction using various endoscopic modalities to relieve the obstruction,however,to date,there has never been a published case of endoscopic stone extraction from the colon using electrohydraulic *** this report,we present the technique employed to successfully perform an electrohydraulic lithotripsy for removal of a large gallstone impacted in the sigmoid colon.A cavity was excavated in an obstructing 4.1 cm lamellated stone in the sigmoid colon using electrohydraulic lithotripsy.A screw stent retractor and stent extractor bored a larger lumen which allowed for guidewire advancement and stone fracture via serial pneumatic balloon *** stone fragments were *** lithotripsy is a safe and effective method to treat colonic obstruction in the setting of gallstone ileus.

关键词： Gallstone ileus Endoscopy Electrohydraulic lithotripsy Bowel obstruction Colon

Exploring Chemovar-Specific Cannabis Extracts Quantification and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Compounds for Targeting Glioblastoma Multiforme

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第8期11卷 192-207页

作者： Ashraf Duzan Mufeed Basti Travis Cesarone Waldemar Debinski Daniel todd Wingate University School of pharmacy Wingate University Wingate NC USA Applied Science and Technology Department North Carolina State University of Agriculture and Technology Greensboro NC USA Department of pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy Health Professions Division Nova Southeastern University Fort Lauderdale USA Uprooted Concepts British Columbia Victoria Canada Brain Tumor Center of Excellence Wake Forest School of Medicine Medical Center Blvd Winston Salem NC USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro NC USA

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) represents one of the most aggressive and metastatic brain tumors, with a dismal success rate of less than three percent after five years, particularly in tumors with active immune checkpoints. This necessitates the development of targeted endogenous agents for precise GBM treatment. previous experiments utilizing Chemovar Specific Cannabis Extractions (CSCEs), fractionated with polar solvents and quantified using Liquid and Gas Column Chromatography combined with Mass Spectrometry (LC/GCMS), have shown reduced viability and motility in human GBM cell lines. However, the complexity of the botanical substance has hindered the personalization of standard cannabis medicines for GBM due to unknown synergistic effects of multiple compounds. To address this limitation, our study focuses on exposing AM251 cells to chemovar fractions extracted using a non-polar solvent, thereby isolating a broader spectrum of constituents. By employing LC/GCMS in conjunction with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), we have identified and quantified nine* compounds present in the non-polar CSCE that exhibit significant efficacy (0.1 μM) in inducing cytotoxicity* in GBM tumor cells. Conversely, the polar fraction in our experiment did not demonstrate efficacy against UM251 cells. The quantification of individual compounds within a cannabis extraction that selectively induces cell death in brain tumors holds promise for guiding future research and facilitating the development of a standardized CSCE for GBM therapy.

关键词： Cannabinoids Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) Total Correlation Spectroscopy (TOCSY) Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)

Optimization for microwave-assisted direct liquefaction of bamboo residue in glycerol/methanol mixtures

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 261-265页

作者： Jiulong Xie Jinqiu Qi Chungyun Hse todd F.Shupe College of Forestry Sichuan Agricultural University Southern Research Station USDA Forest Service School of Renewable Natural Resource Louisiana State University Agricultural Center

Bamboo residues were liquefied in a mixture of glycerol and methanol in the presence of sulfuric acid using microwave energy. We investigated the effects of liquefaction conditions, including glycerol/methanol ratio, liquefaction temperature, and reaction time on the conversion yield. The optimal liquefaction conditions were under the temperature of 120 °C, the reaction time of 7 min, the glycerol–methanol–bamboo ratio of 8/0/2（W/W）, and the microwave power of 300 W. Maximum conversion yield was 96.7 %. The liquid products were separated into two contents（water soluble part and precipitate part） by addition of a sufficient amount of water. By Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR）, the water soluble content mainly contained glycerol and its derivate and carbohydrate degradation products, and the precipitate content was mainly lignin derivatives.

关键词： Bamboo residue Microwave Liquefaction Glycerol

A meta-analytic review of Elliot's (1999) Hierarchical Model of Approach and Avoidance Motivation in the sport, physical activity, and physical education literature

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第1期6卷 68-80页

作者： Marc Lochbaum Javan Jean-Noel Colleen pinar todd Gilson Department of Health Exercise and Sport Sciences Texas Tech University Department of Kinesiology Northern Illinois University

purpose: The purpose of this quantitative review was to summarize the state of Elliot's Hierarchical Model of Approach and Avoidance Motivation, specifically the antecedents of the 2 × 2 achievement goals in the sport, physical activity, and physical education literature. In addition,the intercorrelations amongst the 2 × 2 goals were also ***: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Meta-analytic procedures were used with the mean weighted sample correlation(rw) as the effect size metric. The antecedents were coded by Elliot's(1999) antecedent categories. A number of moderators were coded a ***: Based on a fixed effects model from 47 published studies(total unique n = 15,413) that met inclusion criteria, the 2 × 2 achievement goals were significantly correlated amongst each other ranging from small to medium to large in meaningfulness. Concerning the antecedents, overall they were theoretically correct in associations, but only a few of the relationships were medium in meaningfulness. Most relationships were small in meaningfulness. Heterogeneity was present for the interrcorrelation and antecedent ***: Future research is encouraged to grow and enrich the understanding of achievement goals within Elliot's complete Hierarchical Model of Approach and Avoidance Motivation to include both antecedents and outcomes simultaneously to improve upon the understanding of achievement motivation in sport, exercise, and physical activity settings.

关键词： Achievement motivation Antecedents Competence Mastery goals Meta-analysis performance goals

Initiation of ice jam in front of bridge piers-An experimental study

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第1期31卷 117-123页

作者： Jun Wang Jian Hua pang-pang Chen Jueyi Sui peng Wu todd Whitcombe College of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Modern Green Development Co.LTD Beijing 100028China Environmental Sciences and Engineering program University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeBCCanada Environmental System Engineering program University of ReginaReginaCanada

The presence of bridge piers in natural rivers significantly changes the flow and boundary *** a consequence,ice jams can often be initiated in front of bridge *** the changes in flow conditions,two types of ice jam formation may appear:surface accumulation of ice blocks (surface ice blockage) and thickened accumulation of ice blocks (vertical ice blockage).In the present study,the initiation process of ice jam was studied based on *** is found that the critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage depends on the ice block dimension,channel opening and flow *** surface blockage conditions,a larger ratio of ice cube dimension to channel opening (between piers) can result in a smaller critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage,which has no obvious relation with flow *** vertical blockage conditions,the critical ice concentration for ice jam blockage increases with flow Froude number and decreases with the ratio of ice dimension to channel opening (between piers).Based on experiments conducted in laboratory,equations for determining critical ice concentration for these two types of ice jam blockage have been developed.

关键词： Bridge piers surface ice blockage vertical ice blockage critical ice concentrations

Managing hybridization of a recovering endangered species： The red wolf Canis rufus as a case study

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Current Zoology 2015年第1期61卷 191-205页

作者： Eric M. GESE Fred F. KNOWLTON Jennifer R. ADAMS Karen BECK todd K. FULLER Dennis L. MURRAY todd D. STEURY Michael K. STOSKOpF Will T. WADDELL Lisette p. WAITS USDA/ApHIS/WS/National Wildlife Research Center Department of Wildland Resources Utah State University Logan UT 84322-5230 USA Department ofFish and Wildlife Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho 83844-1136 USA Environmental Medicine Consortium College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27606 USA Department of Environmental Conservation 160 Holdsworth Way University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003-9285 USA Department of Biology Trent University 1600 West Bank Drive Peterborough Ontario K9J 7B8 Canada School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University Auburn AL 36849 USA point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium 5400 North Pearl Street Tacoma WA 98407 USA

Hybridization presents a unique challenge for conservation biologists and managers. While hybridization is an important evolutionary process, hybridization is also a threat formany native species. The endangered species recovery effort for the red wolf Canis rufus is a classic system for understanding and addressing the challenges of hybridization. From 1987-1993, 63 red wolves were released from captivity in eastern North Carolina, USA, to establish a free-ranging, non-essential experimental population. By 1999, managers recognized hybridization with invasive coyotes Canis latrans was the single greatest threat to successful recovery, and an adaptive management plan was adopted with innovative approaches for managing the threat of hybridization. Here we review the application and results of the adaptive management efforts from 1993 to 2013 by comparing: (1) the numbers of wolves, coyotes, and hybrids captured, (2) the numbers of territorial social groups with presumed breeding capabilities, (3) the number of red wolf and hybrid litters documented each year and (4) the degree of coyote introgression into the wild red wolf gene pool. We documented substantial increases in the number of known red wolves and red wolf social groups from 1987-2004 followed by a plateau and slight decline by *** number of red wolf litters exceeded hybrid litters each year and the proportion of hybrid litters per year averaged 21%. The genetic composition of the wild red wolf population is estimated to include ptive management plan was effective at reducing the introgression of coyote genes into the red wolf population, but population recovery of red wolves will require continuation of the current management plan, or alternative approaches, for the foreseeable future. More broadly, we discuss the lessons learned from red wolf adaptive management that could assist other endangered species recov

关键词：物种管理濒危物种狼犬杂交适应性管理案例北卡罗来纳州实验种群

Get Creative! the Digital Video Idea Book

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