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Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge todd jenkins.s.ephanie s.s.ey Rohit Kohli stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli Rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public Health sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg school of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NAsH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG Edgeseq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NAsH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NAsH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

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Evaluating the Efficacy of Cervical Tactile Ultrasound Technique as a Predictive Tool for spontaneous Preterm Birth

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第5期14卷 832-846页

作者： Vladimir Egorov todd Rosen Jennifer Hill Meena Khandelwal Victors Kurtenoks Brendan Francy Noune sarvazyan Advanced Tactile Imaging Inc. Ewing New Jersey USA Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School New Brunswick New Jersey USA Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Camden New Jersey USA

Background: Premature cervical softening and shortening may be considered an early mechanical failure that predispose to preterm birth. Purpose: This study aims to explore the applicability of an innovative cervical tactile ultrasound approach for predicting spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Materials and Methods: Eligible participants were women with low-risk singleton pregnancies in their second trimester, enrolled in this prospective observational study. A Cervix Monitor (CM) device was designed with a vaginal probe comprising four tactile sensors and a single ultrasound transducer operating at 5 MHz. The probe enabled the application of controllable pressure to the external cervical surface, facilitating the acquisition of stress-strain data from both anterior and posterior cervical sectors. Gestational age at delivery was recorded and compared against cervical elasticity. Results: CM examination data were analyzed for 127 women at 24sup>0/7sup> - 28sup>6/7sup> gestational weeks. sPTB was observed in 6.3% of the cases. The preterm group exhibited a lower average cervical stress-to-strain ratio (elasticity) of 0.70 ± 0.26 kPa/mm compared to the term group’s 1.63 ± 0.65 kPa/mm with a p-value of 1.1 × 10sup>−sup>sup>4sup>. Diagnostic accuracy for predicting spontaneous preterm birth based solely on cervical elasticity data was found to be 95.0% (95% CI, 88.5 - 100.0). Conclusion: These findings suggest that measuring cervical elasticity with the designed tactile ultrasound probe has the potential to predict spontaneous preterm birth in a cost-effective manner.

关键词： Cervical Elasticity spontaneous Preterm Birth Tactile Ultrasound Probe

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A unique subseafloor microbiosphere in the Mariana Trench driven by episodic sedimentation

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Marine Life science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 168-181页

作者： Jiwen Liu Da-Wei Li Xinxin He Ronghua Liu Haojin Cheng Chenglong su Mengna Chen Yonghong Wang Zhongsheng Zhao Hanyue Xu Zhangyu Cheng Zicheng Wang Nikolai Pedentchouk David J.Lea-smith Jonathan D.todd Xiaoshou Liu Meixun Zhao Xiao-Hua Zhang Frontiers science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth system and College of Marine Life SciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental science Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Lab of submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques Ministry of Education/College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography Ministry of Education/Research Vessel CentreOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China school of Environmental sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK school of Biological sciences University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK

Hadal trenches are characterized by enhanced and infrequent high-rate episodic sedimentation events that likely introduce not only labile organic carbon and key nutrients but also new microbes that significantly alter the subseafloor ***,the role of high-rate episodic sedimentation in controlling the composition of the hadal subseafloor microbiosphere is ***,analyses of carbon isotope composition in a~750 cm long sediment core from the Challenger Deep revealed noncontinuous deposition,with anomalous ^(14)C ages likely caused by seismically driven mass transport and the funneling effect of trench *** community composition and diverse enzyme activities in the upper~27 cm differed from those at lower depths,probably due to sudden sediment deposition and differences in redox condition and organic matter *** lower depths,microbial population numbers,and composition remained relatively constant,except at some discrete depths with altered enzyme activity and microbial phyla abundance,possibly due to additional sudden sedimentation events of different *** is provided of a unique role for high-rate episodic sedimentation events in controlling the subsurface microbiosphere in Earth’s deepest ocean floor and highlight the need to perform thorough analysis over a large depth range to characterize hadal benthic *** depositional processes are likely crucial in shaping deep-water geochemical environments and thereby the deep subseafloor biosphere.

关键词： Hadal subseafloor Deep water sediment Mariana Trench Radiocarbon Microbial community Redox potential

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How profitable is switchgrass in Illinois, UsA? An economic definition of marginal land

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Grassland Research 2022年第2期1卷 111-122页

作者： Nictor Namoi David Archer todd s.Rosenstock Chunhwa Jang Cheng‐Hsien Lin Arvid Boe DoKyoung Lee Department of Crop sciences University of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA UsDA Agricultural Research service Northern Great Plains Research LaboratoryMandanNorth DakotaUSA World Agroforestry Center NairobiKenya Department of soil and Environmental sciences National Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung CityTaiwanChina Department of Agronomy Horticultureand Plant ScienceSouth Dakota State UniversityBrookingsSouth DakotaUSA

Background:Decisions regarding the conversion of land from an existing crop to bioenergy crops are critical for the sustainable production of both food and *** study seeks to establish criteria for delineating land as“economically marginal”,and thus suited for growing ***:In this case study of an Illinois agricultural field,the profitability of switchgrass,with farmgate prices of$44 Mg−1,$66 Mg−1,or$88 Mg−1,was compared to corn and soybean crop ***,the study also evaluates the profitability of switchgrass when replacing corn‐based yield estimates from the soil Productivity Index(sPI)of ***:Based on a dry‐matter yield of 10.45 Mg ha−1,switchgrass can compete with soybeans only at the high price of$88 Mg−1,but depending on location,can compete with corn at$66 Mg−*** Illinois,at$88 ha−1,all Illinois land with sPIsPI class C(sPI 100–116)is profitable under *** may not be profitable relative to corn grown in the sPI class A(sPI>133)and only 7%of class B(sPI 117–132).Conclusions:Our results show that land with drainage and erosion limitations is economically marginal when corn and soybean yields are low,and the farmgate price for switchgrass is greater than$66 Mg−***,this may not be possible on land where switchgrass is replacing frequent soybean rotations(corn–soybean ratio≤1).Land used to produce only soybeans may only be marginal at the farmgate price of$88 Mg−*** studies need to be conducted to identify how much land can be converted to switchgrass without harming corn production.

关键词： bioenergy economically marginal marginal land soil Productivity Index(sPI) switchgrass

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绝对动脉期超增强能否提高CT对不确定结节中肝细胞癌检测的敏感性

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第3期 377-377页

作者： s.Zafar K.Y.Elbanna A.W.M.todd L.Guimaraes C.O'Brien A.Goel 余翔玲

摘要目的确定在CT上对不确定性结节进行相对（R）和绝对（A）动脉期过度增强（APHE）和廓清（WO）的定量评估，能否提高肝细胞癌（HCC）检测的总体敏感性。方法回顾

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Microchip imaging cytometer:making healthcare available,accessible,and affordable

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第11期5卷 1-15页

作者： Xilong Yuan todd Darcie Ziyin Wei J stewart Aitchison Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONM5S 3G4Canada

The Microchip Imaging Cytometer(MIC)is a class of integrated point-of-care detection systems based on the combination of optical microscopy and flow *** devices have the attributes of portability,cost-effectiveness,and adaptability while providing quantitative measurements to meet the needs of laboratory testing in a variety of healthcare *** on the use of microfluidic chips,MIC requires less sample and can complete sample preparation ***,they can provide quantitative testing results simply using a finger prick *** decreased reagent consumption and reduced form factor also help improve the accessibility and affordability of healthcare services in remote and resource-limited *** this article,we review recent developments of the Microchip Imaging Cytometer from the following aspects:clinical applications,microfluidic chip integration,imaging optics,and image ***,we provide an outlook of the field and remark on promising technologies that may enable significant progress in the near future.

关键词： microchip microfluidics flow cytometer imaging cytometer biosensors point-of-care testing biomedical engineering

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Effectiveness of Combined Biochar and Lignite with Poultry Litter on soil Carbon sequestration and soil Health

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Open Journal of soil science 2023年第2期13卷 124-149页

作者： Ardeshir Adeli John P. Brooks Dana Miles todd Mlsna Read Quentin Johnie N. jenkins UsDA-ARs Mississippi USA Mississippi state University Mississippi USA UsDA-ARs-sEA Genetics and Sustainable Agricultural Research Unit Mississippi USA

Healthy soils are important to ensure satisfactory crop growth and yield. Poultry litter (PL), as an organic fertilizer, has proven to supply the soil with essential macro and micronutrients, enhance soil fertility, and improve crop productivity. Integrating this treatment has the potential to improve soil physical and biological properties by increasing soil carbon, C. However, rapid decomposition and mineralization of PL, particularly in the hot and humid southeastern U.s., resulted in losing C and reduced its effect on soil health. Biochar and lignite have been proposed to stabilize and mitigate C loss through application of fresh manure. However, their combined effects with PL on C sequestration and soil health components are limited. A field experiment was conducted on Leeper silty clay loam soil from 2017 to 2020 to evaluate the combined effect on soil properties when applying biochar and lignite with PL to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The experimental design was a randomized complete block involving nine treatments replicated three times. Treatments included PL and inorganic nitrogen, N, fertilizer with or without biochar and lignite, and an unfertilized control. Application rates were 6.7 Mgkg⋅ha−1sup> for PL, 6.7 Mgkg⋅ha−1sup>sup> for biochar and lignite and 134 kg⋅ha−1sup>sup>sup> for inorganic N fertilizer. Integration of PL and inorganic fertilizer with biochar and lignite, resulted in greater soil infiltration, aggregate stability, plant available water, reduced bulk density and penetration resistance as compared to the sole applications of PL and inorganic fertilizer.

关键词： soil Health Lignite Biochar Poultry Litter

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Environmental stresses Modulate Abundance and Timing of Alternatively spliced Circadian Transcripts in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2015年第2期8卷 207-227页

作者： sergei A. Filichkin Jason s. Cumbie Palitha Dharmawardhana Pankaj Jaiswal Jeff H. Chang saiprasad G. Palusa A.s.N. Reddy Molly Megraw todd C. Mockler Department of Botany and Plant Pathology Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA Department of Biology and Program in Molecular Plant Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA Donald Danforth Plant science Center Saint Louis MO 63132 USA Co-corresponding author

Environmental stresses profoundly altered accumulation of nonsense mRNAs including intron-retaining （IR） transcripts in Arabidopsis. Temporal patterns of stress-induced IR mRNAs were dissected using both oscillating and non-oscillating transcripts. Broad-range thermal cycles triggered a sharp increase in the long IR CCA1 isoforms and altered their phasing to different times of day. Both abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought or Pseudomonas syringae infection induced a similar increase. Thermal stress induced a time delay in accumulation of CCA1 14Rb transcripts, whereas functional mRNA showed steady oscillations. Our data favor a hypothesis that stress-induced instabilities of the central oscillator can be in part compensated through fluctuations in abundance and out-of-phase oscillations of CCA1 IR transcripts. Taken together, our results support a concept that mRNA abundance can be modulated through altering ratios between functional and nonsense/IR transcripts. sR45 protein specifically bound to the retained CCA1 intron in vitro, suggesting that this sp!icing factor could be involved in regulation of intron retention. Transcriptomes of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay （NMD）-impaired and heat-stressed plants shared a set of retained introns associated with stress- and defense-inducible transcripts. Constitutive activation of certain stress response networks in an NMD mutant could be linked to disequilibrium between functional and nonsense mRNAs.

关键词： Arabidopsis alternative splicing circadian clock intron retention nonsense-mediated mRNA decay(NMD) environmental stress

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作为法律领域的环境法:法律分类学引论(下)

环境法评论

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环境法评论 2022年第1期 205-236页

作者： todd s.Aagaard 姜闻远维拉诺瓦大学法学院武汉大学环境法研究所

为了研究法律的分类问题，本文首先对法律分类学进行总体考察，随后进入环境法的具体领域。我们将法律划分为不同的领域是为了发现和创建模式，从而使法律具有一致性和可理解性。一个法律领域是由单个或一组模式统合起来的一组情形，这... 详细信息

为了研究法律的分类问题，本文首先对法律分类学进行总体考察，随后进入环境法的具体领域。我们将法律划分为不同的领域是为了发现和创建模式，从而使法律具有一致性和可理解性。一个法律领域是由单个或一组模式统合起来的一组情形，这些模式是该领域所共有且独有的。我们可以将法律领域概念化为该领域的四个基本构成维度的互动：(1)存在一些事实背景，导致了(2)某些政策权衡，这些权衡转而借助(3)价值观和利益衡量的应用作出决定，最终产生了(4)法律教义。一个领域的组织框架确定了该领域的共同和独特的模式，这些模式可能体现于上述四个维度中的任意一个。本文第二部分将这种一般分析方法应用于环境法领域，提出了一个将环境法理解为法律研究和分析领域的框架。环境问题的两个核心事实特征包括公共资源的物质性和环境要素的普遍联系性，两者的组合就是环境法所具有的共性和特性。众多不同的使用需求被置于环境资源之上，冲突随之产生。这些使用带来的冲突决定了环境立法的政策权衡，形成了环境立法概念化中“使用—冲突”框架的基础。与其他将环境法作为一个法律领域进行概念化的模式相比，环境立法的“使用—冲突”框架具有显著的分析优势。

关键词：法律领域法律分类法律模式概念框架环境法领域法

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Accelerated partial breast irradiation: Past, present, and future

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2016年第5期7卷 370-379页

作者： Anne W Tann sandra s Hatch Melissa M Joyner Lee R Wiederhold todd A swanson Department of Radiation Oncology the University of Texas Medical Branch

Accelerated partial breast irradiation(APBI) focuses higher doses of radiation during a shorter interval to the lumpectomy cavity, in the setting of breast conserving therapy for early stage breast cancer. The utilization of APBI has increased in the past decade because of the shorter treatment schedule and a growing body of outcome data showing positive cosmetic outcomes and high local control rates in selected patients undergoing breast conserving therapy. Technological advances in various APBI modalities, including intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy, intraoperative radiation therapy, and external beam radiation therapy, have made APBI more accessible in the community. Results of early APBI trials served as the basis for the current consensus guidelines, and multiple prospective randomized clinical trials are currently ongoing. The pending long term results of these trials will help us identify optimal candidates that can benefit from ABPI. Here we provide an overview of the clinical and cosmetic outcomes of various APBI techniques and review the current guidelines for selecting suitable breast cancer patients. We also discuss the impact of APBI on the economics of cancer care and patient reported quality of life.

关键词： Breast cancer Intracavitary brachytherapy Accelerated partial breast irradiation Interstitial brachytherapy

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