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Bulk and surface damages in complementary bipolar junction transistors produced by high dose irradiation

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第1期27卷 430-437页

作者： j Assaf Atomic Energy Commission Damascus Syria

Two complementary types NPN and PNP of bipolar junction transistors （BjTs） were exposed to higll dose of neutrons and gamma rays. The change in the base and collector currents, minority carriers lifetime, and current gain factor/3 with respect to the dose were analyzed. The contributions of the base current according to the defect types were also reported. It was declared that the radiation effect of neutrons was almost similar between the two transistor types, this effect at high dose may decrease the value of/3 to less than one. The Messenger-Spratt equation was used to describe the experimental results in this case. However, the experimental data demonstrated that the effect of gamma rays was generally higher on NPN than PNP transistors. This is mainly attributed to the difference in the behavior of the trapped positive charges in the SiO2 layers. Meanwhile, this difference tends to be small for high gamma dose.

关键词： bipolar junction transistors radiation effects surface damage bulk damage

Subpulse Drifting of PSR j1110–5637

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第6期22卷 109-117页

作者： S.j.Dang L.H.Shang L.Lin Q.j.Zhi R.S.Zhao C.B.Wu Z.Y.You A.j.Dong j.T.Bai X.Xu D.D.Zhang H.Yang Q.W.Lin School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830011China

We report a detailed study of polarization characteristics and subpulse drifting in PSR j1110-5637 with the observations of the Parkes 64 m radio telescope at 1369 *** observations revealed that the trailing component of the pulse profile has obvious subpulse drifting,while the leading component has no subpulse *** the two-dimensional fluctuation spectrum(2DFS),we detected three distinct emission modes in the trailing component(modes A,B and C).The emission in mode A is chaotic and indistinguishable,while modes B and C have obvious subpulse *** vertical modulation periods P3of modes B and C are around the mean values of 12 P and 8 P,*** subpulse drifting of PSR j1110-5637 will expand the pulsar sample with multiple subpulse drifting rates,and this will help future systematic studies on the physical origin of the subpulse drifting phenomenon.

关键词： (stars:)pulsars general-(stars:)pulsars individual(PSR j1110-5637)-Stars

General aspects on structural integrity

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Chinese journal of Aeronautics 2019年第1期32卷 114-132页

作者： j.j.XIONG R.A.SHENOI School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang University Faculty of Engineering and Environment University of Southampton

This paper seeks to mark the fruitful collaborative research between scholars in the University of Southampton and Beihang University for last 25 years on structural integrity. Their efforts addressed some important issues in structural integrity such as fatigue and fracture behavior,fatigue load spectra, fatigue and fracture lifetimes, reliability-based service period, adhesively bonded composite patch repairs, Plain Woven Fabric(PWF) composites and composite *** advances in engineering approaches, experimental methods, numerical algorithms and understanding of failure mechanisms relating to structural integrity are highlighted. Probable limits(or drawbacks) are also discussed. This review provides an insight into the general aspects on structural integrity and constitutes a basis for pointers to the further works on structural integrity.

关键词： Composites Fatigue Fracture Reliability Repair Structural integrity

Effect of surface layer softening from previous electrochemical corrosion on electrochemical cold drawing of Q235 steel bar

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journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第5期29卷 819-835页

作者： j.L.Guo T.j.Chen State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou730050GansuChina

The effects of H_(2)SO_(4)concentration and current in electrochemical corrosion on surface layer softening or plasticizing of Q235 steel bar and their effects on subsequent electrochemical cold drawing(ECD)were *** results indicate that the electrochemical corrosion can soften or plasticize the surface layer of Q235 steel bar and then make the subsequent ECD be conducted more *** softening degree and thickness of the surface layer are continuously enhanced with increasing corrosion rate,i.e.,increasing H_(2)SO_(4)concentration or current,due to the generation of more vacancy clusters in deeper regions of surface *** vacancy clusters then relax dislocations through being absorbed during ECD,and the formation and movement of additional dislocation flux are thereby enhanced,resulting in the further obvious decrease in the drawing *** is also due to the enhanced formation and movement of additional dislocation flux that the dislocation density and thus the hardness of the surface layer are decreased,as well as that the texture structure is *** behaviors are enhanced as the corrosion rate increases.

关键词： Electrochemical corrosion Electrochemical cold drawing Surface layer softening Vacancy Additional dislocation flux

A study on distributive and modular lattice ordered fuzzy soft group and its duality

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Applied Mathematics(A journal of Chinese Universities) 2016年第4期31卷 491-502页

作者： j Arockia Reeta j Vimala Department of Mathematics Alagappa University

Soft set theory has a rich potential application in several fields. A soft group is a parameterized family of subgroups and a fuzzy soft group is a parameterized family of fuzzy subgroups. The concept of fuzzy soft group is the generalization of soft group. Abdulkadir Aygunoglu and Halis Aygun introduced the notion of fuzzy soft groups in 2009[1]. In this paper, the concept of lattice ordered fuzzy soft groups and its duality has been introduced. Then distributive and modular lattice ordered fuzzy soft groups are analysed. The objective of this paper is to study the lattice theory over the collection of fuzzy soft group in a parametric manner. Some pertinent properties have been analysed and hence established duality principle.

关键词： Fuzzy soft set fuzzy soft group lattice ordered fuzzy soft groups distributive lattice orderedfuzzy soft groups modular lattice ordered fuzzy soft groups.

Accuracy details in realistic CFD modeling of an industrial centrifugal pump in direct and reverse modes

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journal of Thermal Science 2010年第6期19卷 491-499页

作者： j.C. Páscoa F. j. Silva j.S. Pinheiro D.j. Martins Department of Electromechanical Engineering Center for Aerospace Sciences and Technology University of Beira Interior EFAFLU Bombas e Ventiladores S.A. R. S. Brás 269 Apartado 23 4494-909 Póvoa do Varzim Portugal

Numerical computation of the flowfield inside a pump is herein used as a numerical laboratory, subject to the limitations of modeling assumptions and to experimental verification. A numerical computation of the flow inside a real industrial centrifugal pump is performed that includes a very sophisticated geometry. Conversely to other computations, in this test case no simplification of the geometry was introduced. Numerical computations are obtained using Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. A detailed analysis of the turbulent flowstructure is performed for the design point and two off design conditions. Additional computations were performed in order to compare the numerical and experimental pump characteristics; these were obtained under normalized testing conditions. Further computations are presented for the pump working in reverse turbine mode (PAT). Detailed analyses of the flow allow a comparison of the internal flow losses when the pump is operating in direct and reverse mode. This is also useful to help in the selection of an adequate pump geometry that can work in both modes with best efficiency.

关键词： centrifugal pump impeller turbulence modeling Spalart-Allmaras PAT

Effects of the Reversely Rotating Assisted Shoulder on Microstructures During the Reverse Dual-rotation Friction Stir Welding

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第4期31卷 375-383页

作者： j.Q.Li H.j.Liu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and joining Harbin Institute of Technology Capital Aerospace Machinery Company

The reverse dual-rotation friction stir welding(RDR-FSW) has the capability to adjust the heat generation because of the separately designed tool shoulder and tool *** welding torque exerted on the workpiece by the reversely rotating shoulder is opposite to that exerted by the rotating tool pin,so the total welding torque is reduced,which is beneficial to reducing the clamping requirement of *** the present paper,a RDR-FSW joint was welded in a condition similar to the optimal welding condition of conventional FSW,and microstructures in various zones were investigated by comparison,aiming to highlight effects of the reversely rotating assisted *** to the heat conduction of the middle cylinder and the bottom end cover on which the assisted shoulder was machined,the thermal effect of RDR-FSW was smaller than that of the conventional ***,the effect of assisted shoulder on the plastic flow or deformation of material or was constrained in a thin layer near the weld top surface,and thus the flow of material especially along the thickness direction was clearly decreased in the *** the heat-affected zone(HAZ),the precipitate coarsening was the main evolution and was completed through the dissolution of small precipitates and the continuous growth of large *** contrast,the dissolution degree of precipitates increased significantly in the thermomechanically affected zone(TMAZ),and a small amount of original meta-stable precipitates transformed to block-shaped stable *** evolutions in the shoulder affected zone(SAZ)and the weld nugget zone were similar,*** majority of original meta-stable precipitates dissolved into the matrix and the remainder transformed to stable precipitates,though the dissolution degree was greater in the *** with the conventional FSW joint,the coarsening degrees of precipitates in the HAZ and TMAZ of RDR-FSW joint were much smaller,as well as the dissolution degrees of p

关键词： Friction stir welding Reverse dual-rotation fricti

Mass Transport in Nanowire Synthesis:An Overview of Scalable Nanomanufacturing

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第6期31卷 523-532页

作者： Matthew j.Crane Peter j.Pauzauskie Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195-1750.USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering Seattle.WA 98195-2120USA Fundamental Computational Science Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland.WAUSA

The ability to rationally engineer the growth and nanomanufacturing of one-dimensional nanowires in high volumes has the potential to enable applications of nanoscale materials in a diverse range of fields including energy conversion and storage,catalysis,sensing,medicine,and information *** review provides a roadmap for the development of large-scale nanowire *** myriad techniques exist for bench-scale nanowire synthesis,these growth strategies typically fall within two major categories:1) anisotropically-catalyzed growth and 2) confined,template-based ***,comparisons between growth methods with different mass transport pathways have led to confusion in interpreting observations,in particular Gibbs-Thomson *** review mass transport in nanowire synthesis techniques to unify growth models and to allow for direct comparison of observations across different *** addition,we discuss the applicability of nanoscale,Gibbs-Thomson effects on mass transport and provide guidelines for the development of new growth *** explore the scalability of these complex processes with dimensionless numbers and consider the effects of pressure,temperature,and precursor material on nanowire growth.

关键词： Nanowire Mass transport Modeling Scalable growth

Dynamic Mechanical Relaxation in Bulk Metallic Glasses:A Review

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第6期30卷 523-545页

作者： j.C.Qiao j.M.Pelletier Université de Lyon CNRS France INSA-Lyon MATEIS UMR5510 F-69621 Villeurbanne France

Metallic glasses have aroused considerable interest in the past decades because they exhibit fascinating properties. First, this article briefly outlines the mechanical, thermal properties and application of the metallic glasses. In addition, we focus on the dynamic mechanical relaxation behaviors, i.e. main （α） and secondary （β） relaxations, in metallic glasses. The mechanical relaxation behaviors are connected to the mechanical properties and physical properties in glassy materials. The main relaxation in glassy materials is related to the glass transition phenomenon and viscous flow. On the other hand, the β relaxation is linked to many fundamental issues in metallic glasses. In these materials relaxation processes are directly related to the plastic deformation mechanism. The mechanical relaxations, particularly, the β relaxation provides an excellent opportunity to design metallic glasses with desired physical and mechanical properties. We demonstrate the universal characteristics of main relaxation in metallic glasses. The phenomenological models and the physical theories are introduced to describe the main relaxation in metallic glasses. In parallel, we show the dependence of the α. and β relaxations on the thermal treatments in metallic glasses. Finally, we analyze the correlation between the atomic mobility and the thermo-mechanical treatments in metallic glasses. On the one hand, the atomic mobility in metallic glasses is reduced by physical aging or crystallization. On the other hand, the atomic mobility in metallic glass is enhanced by deformation （i.e. compression and cold rolling）. Importantly, to analyze the atomic mobility in amorphous materials, a physical theory is introduced. This model invokes the concept of quasi-point defects, which correspond to the density fluctuations in the glassy materials.

关键词： Metallic glasses Mechanical properties Main relaxation Secondary relaxation Physical analysis