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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 455-456页

作者： Matthew j.Clarkson Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 8001Australia

I read with great interest the article“Concerns on the application of blood flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”by Correa et al.1 The study presents complementary data from a previous randomized controlled trial,2 exploring the application of intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise for hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients hemodialysis

Universal Hyperthermal Model for Mass Extinctions

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journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 704-707页

作者： Michael j.Benton Paleobiology Research Group School of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolLife Sciences BuildingTyndall AvenueBristolBS81TQUK

INTRODUCTION Earth scientists have long sought universal features of past extinction *** can be argued that each past extinction event was a singularity,caused by combinations of circumstances that are unique in each case,and therefore that the search for common causes is ***,a key feature of the uniformitarian approach to geology is that past processes are the same as modern-day processes and,with that in mind,earth scientists are keen to use their knowledge to contribute some understanding to the study of the present and future climate crisis.

关键词： extinction singularity Extinction

Enhancing diabetic retinopathy screening:Non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine for improved clinical management

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World journal of Diabetes 2024年第8期15卷 1820-1823页

作者： Kira j Szulborski David j Ramsey Department of Ophthalmology Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMA 02111United States Lahey Department of Surgery Division of OphthalmologyUMass Chan Medical SchoolUniversity of MassachusettsBurlingtonMA 01805United States Graduate Faculty New England College of OptometryBostonMA 02115United States

The utilization of non-mydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine to screen patients with diabetes mellitus for diabetic retinopathy provides an accurate,efficient,and cost-effective method to improve early detection of *** has also been shown to correlate with increased participation of patients in other aspects of diabetes *** particular,patients who undergo teleretinal imaging are more likely to meet Comprehensive Diabetes Care Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set metrics,which are linked to preservation of quality-adjusted life years and additional downstream healthcare savings.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic retinopathy Telemedicine Tele-ophthalmology Nonmydriatic fundus photography-assisted telemedicine Vision screening Preventative health services Health policy

Thermoluminescence characterization of natural and synthetic irradiated Ce-monazites

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： V.Correcher C.Boronat j.Garcia-Guinea j.F.Benavente T.Rivera-Montalvo CIEMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNCN-CSIC J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto Politécnico Nacional CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The thermoluminescence(TL)emission of synthetic and natural Ce-monazites was characterized here to determine the potential application in the identification of microscopic defects from a qualitative point of view trying to link each TL peak to a chemical-physical *** kinetic parameters that lead the luminescence processes were calculated by means of variable heating rate and computing glow curve deconvolution methods and allow identifying three groups of components at~90,130 and 290℃(for the mineral sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(for the synthetic CePO_(4):Nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main differences appreciated in these complex TL curves are mainly due to(i)the content of impurities(natural sample contains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degree of crystallinity of the samples which is directly related to the type of impurities(synthetic monazite relies only on Nd and La).The behavior of the dose response in the range of 1-8 Gy is similar for both samples;the TL intensity increases linearly as the dose increases without changes in the position of the maxima,denoting first-order kinetic luminescence *** peak could be mostly associated with structural defects(i.e.,phase transitions),chemical reactions(i.e.,Ce3+?Ce4+redox reaction,dehydration or dehydroxylation processes)or intrinsic defects(i.e.,Frenkel defects,ODCs or NBOHCs).

关键词： Thermoluminescence Kineticparameters Phosphate Ce-monazite Defects Rare earths

A decomposition of light’s spin angular momentum density

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1578-1589页

作者： Alex j.Vernon Sebastian Golat Claire Rigouzzo Eugene A.Lim Francisco j.Rodríguez-Fortuño Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK London Centre for Nanotechnology LondonUK

Light carries intrinsic spin angular momentum(SAM)when the electric or magnetic field vector rotates over time.A familiar vector equation calculates the direction of light’s SAM density using the right-hand rule with reference to the electric and magnetic polarisation *** Maxwell’s equations,this vector equation can be decomposed into a sum of two distinct terms,akin to the well-known Poynting vector decomposition into orbital and spin *** present the first general study of this spin decomposition,showing that the two terms,which we call canonical and Poynting spin,are chiral analogies to the canonical and spin momenta of light in its interaction with *** canonical momentum,canonical spin is directly *** canonical and Poynting spin incorporate spatial variation of the electric and magnetic fields and are influenced by optical *** decomposition allows us to show that a linearly polarised vortex beam,which has no total SAM,can nevertheless exert longitudinal chiral pressure due to equal and opposite canonical and Poynting spins.

关键词： canonical momentum angular

Long-term monitoring of cycles in Clethrionomys rutilus in the Yukon boreal forest

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 27-36页

作者： Charles j.KREBS Alice j.KENNEY B.Scott GILBERT Rudy BOONSTRA Department of Zoology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada Renewable Resources Management Program Yukon UniversityWhitehorseYukonCanada Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada

Baseline studies of small rodent populations in undisturbed ecosystems are *** report here 50 years of mon-itoring and experimentation in Yukon of a dominant rodent species in the North American boreal forest,the red-backed vole Clethrionomys *** voles breed in summer,weigh 20–25 g,and reach a maximum density of 20 to 25 per *** populations have shown consistent 3–4-year cycles for the last 50 years with the only change being that peak densities averaged 8/ha until 2000 and 18/ha since that *** the last 25 years,we have measured food resources,predator numbers,and winter weather,and for 1-year social interactions,to estimate their contribution to changes in the rate of summer increase and the rate of overwinter *** these potential limiting factors could contribute to changes in density,and we measured their relative contributions statistically with multiple *** rate of winter decline in density was related to both food supply and winter *** rate of summer increase was related to summer berry crops and white spruce cone *** measure of predator numbers was related to winter or summer changes in vole *** was a large signal of climate change effects in these *** is no density dependence in summer population growth and only a weak one in winter population *** of our results provide a clear understanding of what generates 3–4-year cycles in these voles,and the major missing piece may be an understanding of social interactions at high density.

关键词： boreal forest climate change density dependence population cycles predation winter severity

The Generalized Stackelberg Equilibrium of the Two-Person Stopping Game

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journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2024年第1期12卷 155-168页

作者： Marek Skarupski Krzysztof j.Szajowski Faculty of Pure and Applied Mathematics Wroclaw University of Science and Technology50-370WrocƚawDolonoslaskiePoland

In modeling the bilateral selection of states of the process,Dynkin(Dokl Akad Nauk USSR 185:241–288,1969)proposed a two-person game in which players use stopping moments as *** purpose of this work is to present a model of the game in which the players have different information about the process itself,as well as various laws to stop the process and accept its *** game model uses the stochastic process apparatus,in particular,the ability to create different filters for the same *** sets of stopping moments based on different filters are not identical,which allows us to model different sets of strategies for *** show that the follower,by observing the behavior of a rational leader,can recover information that is lost due to the lack of complete observation of the state of the *** the competition of two opponents for the maximum of the ***,one of whom has access to full information and the other only knows their relative ranks,we found the generalized Stackelberg *** the priority of a player observing the relative ranks is less than 50%,then that player modifies his strategy based on the behavior of the second *** a player with full information,information about the behavior of the player observing the relative ranks is useless.

关键词： No-zero-sum game Optional stopping Equilibrium Filtration

Extracellular vesicles and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU ROBERT j.KASPER NATALIE j.S.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological *** evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected *** disease 2019(COVID-19)disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs,resulting in complications of multiple organ *** the cell surface receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells in patients with *** studies have found that ACE2 can be released with EVs,which have been shown to interfere with the entry of the virus into host cells and thus may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilysin(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidase(TOP)are the key enzymes that regulate angiotensin metabolism by converting angiotensin II or angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-7,the latter of which has protective effects in counterbalancing the harmful effects of angiotensin II in COVID-19 *** review summarizes the recent research progress regarding EV-associated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the perspectives of their potential involvement in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles COVID-19 Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidase

Invasive ant learning is not affected by seven potential neuroactive chemicals

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 87-97页

作者： Henrique Galante Tomer j.Czaczkes Department of Zoology and Evolutionary Biology Animal Comparative Economics LaboratoryUniversity of Regensburg93053 Regensburg Germany

Argentine ants Linepithema humile are one of the most damaging invasive alien species *** or disrupting cognitive abilities,such as learning,has the potential to improve management efforts,for example by increasing preference for a bait,or improving ants'ability to learn its characteristics or ***-feeding insects are often the victims of psychoactive manipulation,with plants lacing their nectar with secondary metabolites such as alkaloids and non-protein amino acids which often alter learning,foraging,or ***,the effect of neuroactive chemicals has seldomly been explored in ***,we test the effects of seven potential neuroactive chemicals-two alkaloids:caffeine and nicotine;two biogenic amines:dopamine and octopamine,and three nonprotein amino acids:β-alanine,GABA and taurineon the cognitive abilities of invasive *** using bifurcation *** results confirm that these ants are strong associative learners,requiring as little as one experience to develop an ***,we show no short-term effect of any of the chemicals tested on spatial learning,and in addition no effect of caffeine on short-term olfactory *** lack of effect is surprising,given the extensive reports of the tested chemicals affecting learning and foraging in *** mismatch could be due to the heavy bias towards bees in the literature,a positive result publicationbias,ordifferences inmethodology.

关键词： associativelearning caffeine memory neuroactivechemicals

Applications of genetic code expansion technology in eukaryotes

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Protein & Cell 2024年第5期15卷 331-363页

作者： Qiao-ru Guo Yu j.Cao State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomic Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical GenomicsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen 518055China Institute of Chemical Biology Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen 518132China

Unnatural amino acids(UAAs)have gained significant attention in protein engineering and drug development owing to their ability to introduce new chemical functionalities to *** eukaryotes,genetic code expansion(GCE)enables the incorporation of UAAs and facilitates posttranscriptional modification(PTM),which is not feasible in prokaryotic *** is also a powerful tool for cell or animal imaging,the monitoring of protein interactions in target cells,drug development,and switch ***,there is keen interest in utilizing GCE in eukaryotic *** review provides an overview of the application of GCE in eukaryotic systems and discusses current challenges that need to be addressed.

关键词： genetic code expansion unnatural amino acid eukaryotes basic research therapeutic applications