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Fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch reinforcement of highrisk colonic anastomoses in rats

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2016年第9期8卷 627-633页

作者： Juan Manuel Suárez-grau Carlos Bernardos García Carmen Cepeda Franco Cristina Mendez García Salud García Ruiz Fernando Docobo Durantez Salvador Morales-Conde Javier Padillo Ruiz Department of General and Digestive Surgery Riotinto Hospital 21660 Huelva Spain Division of General and Laparoscopic Surgery Clinic Quiron Sagrado Corazón 41013 Seville Spain Institute of Biomedicine of Seville Research center University Hospital Virgen del Rocio 41013 Seville Spain Division of General Surgery Hospital of San Juan de Dios 41930 Bormujos Spain Department of General and Digestive Surgery University Hospital Virgen del Rocio 41013 Seville Spain Department of General surgery Hospital of Jerez 11407 Jerez de la Frontera Cadiz Spain Division of Surgery Clinic Quiron Donostia 20012 Donostia Spain Clinic Quiron Sagrado Corazón 41013 Seville Spain

AIMTo evaluate the effectiveness of human fibrinogen-thrombin collagen patch (TachoSil®) in the reinforcement of high-risk colon *** quasi-experimental study was conducted in Wistar rats (n = 56) that all underwent high-risk anastomoses (anastomosis with only two sutures) after colectomies. The rats were divided into two randomized groups: Control group (24 rats) and treatment group (24 rats). In the treatment group, high-risk anastomosis was reinforced with TachoSil® (a piece of TachoSil® was applied over this high-risk anastomosis, covering the gap). Leak incidence, overall survival, intra-abdominal adhesions, and histologic healing of anastomoses were analyzed. Survivors were divided into two subgroups and euthanized at 15 and 30 d after intervention in order to analyze the adhesions and histologic *** survival was 71.4% and 57.14% in the TachoSil® group and control group, respectively (P = 0.29); four rats died from other causes and six rats in the treatment group and 10 in the control group experienced colonic leakage (P > 0.05). The intra-abdominal adhesion score was similar in both groups, with no differences between subgroups. We found non-significant differences in the healing process according to the histologic score used in both groups (P = 0.066).CONCLUSIONIn our study, the use of TachoSil® was associated with a non-statistically significant reduction in the rate of leakage in high-risk anastomoses. TachoSil® has been shown to be a safe product because it does not affect the histologic healing process or increase intra-abdominal adhesions.

关键词： Colon Rats Anastomosis Leak TachoSil® Surgery

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回眸时尚

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作者： (法)弗朗索瓦-玛丽·格罗(Francois-Marie grau)

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从药草园到专类园——欧洲大陆植物园的发展历程

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中国园林 2010年第1期26卷 18-20页

作者：容克.格劳丁一巨德国慕尼黑大学生物系德国瓦伦丁+瓦伦丁城市规划与景观设计事务所

欧洲大陆植物园的发展历程是一个循序渐进的过程,并与其园林艺术的发展轨迹相一致,即由中世纪的药草园开始,经过巴洛克花园,至18世纪自然风景园,再到近期的现代园林。早期的植物园以科研教学为主,发展至19世纪中期则以引种栽培全世界植... 详细信息

欧洲大陆植物园的发展历程是一个循序渐进的过程,并与其园林艺术的发展轨迹相一致,即由中世纪的药草园开始,经过巴洛克花园,至18世纪自然风景园,再到近期的现代园林。早期的植物园以科研教学为主,发展至19世纪中期则以引种栽培全世界植物种质资源为目的,形成综合型植物园的标准模式。而近年来植物园的发展则越来越重视生态学研究,并且开始重点突出与当地气候和生境条件相适应的专类园。

关键词：风景园林植物园药草园专类园欧洲

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应用非平滑极值原理解决在解除管制电力市场中的一种优化问题

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华东电力 2009年第6期37卷 1058-1058页

作者： Bayon L grau J Ruiz M

文章阐述了发电企业在解除管制电力市场中面临到的一个新的短期问题，并提出了一种最优化算法。在本文建立的现货市场模型中，将电价明确表示为不确定的外生变量。本文考虑了抽水蓄能电站里非常复杂的水热最优化问题，该问题涉及到非常... 详细信息

文章阐述了发电企业在解除管制电力市场中面临到的一个新的短期问题，并提出了一种最优化算法。在本文建立的现货市场模型中，将电价明确表示为不确定的外生变量。本文考虑了抽水蓄能电站里非常复杂的水热最优化问题，该问题涉及到非常规拉格朗日函数和非完整不等式的约束。为得到一个所需的最小化情况，该问题通过应用Clarke广义梯度计算和非平滑极值原理，在非平滑分析的框架下实现了解决。

关键词：最优化问题电力市场极值原理平滑管制应用抽水蓄能电站拉格朗日函数

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下一场革命会是什么样的?

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当代艺术与投资 2009年第7期 56-61页

作者：泽丹卡.鲍多维娜克 Rawley grau 杜可柯戴章伦

当我们试图解决当下的问题时,我们常常回顾过去。毫无疑问,未完成的过去的其中一个章节就是共产主义事业。文化大革命与目前金融危机潜在的解决方案之间有什么共同之处?如今,世界顶尖的经济学家和社会学家都纷纷表示,解决金融危机的关... 详细信息

当我们试图解决当下的问题时,我们常常回顾过去。毫无疑问,未完成的过去的其中一个章节就是共产主义事业。文化大革命与目前金融危机潜在的解决方案之间有什么共同之处?如今,世界顶尖的经济学家和社会学家都纷纷表示,解决金融危机的关键不在于什么新的机械措施,而在于尽可能地汇集所有人的创造力,开发新观念。[1]事实上,社会主义文化大革命的思想基础就是对人民大众的教育:教会他们必要的知识和技术,以便每个人都能充分参与社会公共事务。

关键词：布莱希特共产主义艺术家斯洛文尼亚文化大革命重复使用克尔凯郭尔前卫派东欧金融危机

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Technique of transcylindrical gas-free cholecystectomy

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World Journal of Surgical Procedures 2012年第3期2卷 16-20页

作者： Enrique-Javier grau-Talens Manuel Giner Department of Surgery Hospital Siberia-Serena Department of Surgery School of Medicine Complutense University of Madrid

AIM: To describe our method of transcylindrical cholecystectomy(TC) and its potential advantages over other surgical approaches for treating symptomatic ***: TC is a modified minilaparotomy performed gas-free through a single cylinder 3.8 cm(or occasionally 5.0 cm) in diameter and 10.0 cm in length. An efficacy, prospective and longitudinal study was conducted. Experience was accumulated over 15 years(1993-2008) and 387 operations, showing the feasibility and safety of TC. Since 2008, we have performed TC under local anesthesia plus sedation in most cases of symptomatic ***: Between 1993 and 2008, TC was carried out in 364 consecutive patients, including 78 acute cholecystitis, 37 acute biliary pancreatitis and 48 suspected choledocholithiasis. In another 23 patients(5.9%), the operation was converted into a subcostal laparotomy. Ten postoperative complications(2.75%) were registered in this series: 5 wound infections, 2 bile leaks(onecausing death), 2 hemorrhages(requiring reoperation) and 1 residual stones. Since 2008, TC was planned and started under local anesthesia plus sedation in 60 patients. In another 12 patients(16.7%), the operation was decided, started and completed under general anesthesia. Surgery was satisfactorily completed through the cylinder in all patients of this series. In 13 patients(out of 60; 21.7%), local anesthesia was converted to general anesthesia. Among patients whose operation was attempted under local anesthesia(n = 60), postoperative complications were: 1 wound infection(1.7%), 2 wound seromas(3.3%) and 3 nauseas(5%). All but two patients in this series were discharged from hospital on the day of surgery and all patients were satisfied with the procedure. In our experience using TC, we have not had any cases of main bile duct ***: TC should be considered in the search for the best alternative in the management of gallstone disease, deserving its inclusion in prospective randomized tria

关键词： Cholecystectomy Cholecystitis Choledocholithiasis Minimally invasive surgery Local anesthesia

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腔隙性卒中患者头痛的临床意义:与梗死部位的关系

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第12期 54-55页

作者： Arboix A. grau-Olivares M. Garca-Eroles L. 朱振中 Dr.Cerebrovascular Division Department of NeurologyHospital Universitari del Sagrat CorViladomat 288E-08029 BarcelonaSpain

Objective.-To assess whether the infarction topography influenced upon the incidence of headache and the likelihood of neurological recovery in lacunar ***.-The relationship between topography of infarction and the incidence of headache as well as the influence of headache on neurological outcome in patients with lacunar stroke are still ***.-In a cohort of 387 patients with neuroimaging proven acute lacunar infarction collected from a prospective hospital-based stroke registry over a 12-year period,43 patients(11.1%)presented with headache within a 72-hour interval of stroke ***.-Headache was more common in deep brain gray matter or brainstem lacunar infarction than in supratentorial white matter lacunar infarction(14.9%vs 8%,P <.033),but lacunar infarctions in the supratentorial white matter had less frequently absence of limitation at discharge(15.1%vs 25.1%,P <.013).In deep brain gray matter or brainstem lacunar infarction,early neurological recovery decreased from 26.2%to 19.2%when headache was present at stroke *** the multivariate analysis,dysarthria-clumsy hand and absence of headache in deep brain gray matter or brainstem lacunar infarction were independent predictors of favorable ***.-In patients with lacunar infarction,headache at stroke onset was more common in deep brain gray matter or brainstem topographies than in supratentorial white matter *** deep brain gray matter or brainstem lacunar infarctions,early neurological recovery was less likely when headache was present.

关键词：腔隙性梗死脑干脑深部头痛头疼疼痛患者

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The Endocannabinoid,Anandamide,Induces Cannabinoid Receptor-Independent Cell Death in Renal Proximal Tubule Cells

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CellBio 2017年第4期6卷 35-55页

作者： Monika Schlosser Heike Loser Soren V.Siegmund Manuel Montesinos-Rongen Laura Bindila Beat Lutz David A.Barrett Sarir Sarmad Catharine A.Ortori Veronika grau Melanie von Brandenstein Jochen W.U.Fries Institute of Urology University Hospital of CologneCologneGermany Institute of Pathology University Hospital of CologneCologneGermany Department of Internal Medicine I University of BonnBonnGermany Institute of Neuropathology University Hospital of CologneCologneGermany Institute of Physiological Chemistry Medical Centre of Johannes Gutenberg UniversityMainzGermany Centre for Analytical Bioscience School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of General and Thoracic Surgery Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessenGermany

Background: The endocannabinoid (EC) system is well characterized in the central nervous system but scarcely studied in peripheral organs. In this paper, we newly identify the effect of the EC anandamide (AEA) upon renal proximal tubule cells. Methods: Measurement of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release after treatment of primary renal proximal tubule cells (RPTEC) and renal carcinoma cell line (Caki-1) with AEA, arachidonic acid (AA), ethanolamide (EtAm), EC receptor CB1 antagonist (AM251), CB2 receptor antagonist (SR144528), TRPV1 receptor antagonist (capsazepine), degradation enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) antagonist (URB597), antioxidants GSH-EE;Trolox, GSH depletor BSO, membrane cholesterol depletor (MCD), apoptosis inhibitor zVAD, necroptosis inhibitor Nec-1 or ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis plus determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via H2-DCFDA were performed. Histology for EC enzymes, N-acetylphosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) and FAAH, as well as the determination of physiological levels of ECs in human and rat renal tissue via liquid chromatography were conducted. Results: AEA both dose- and time-dependently induces cell death in RPTEC and Caki-1 within hours, characterized by cell blebbing, not influenced by blocking the described EC receptors by AM251, SR144528, capsazepine or FAAH by URB597 or MCD. Cell death is mediated via ROS. There is no difference found in the histology of the enzymes FAAH and NAPE-PLD in human renal tissue with interstitial nephritis. Blocking of apoptotic, necroptotic or ferroptotic cell death does not lead to a reduction in LDH release in vitro. Conclusion: The endocannabinoid anandamide induces cell death in renal proximal tubule cell in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This pathway is mediated via ROS and is independent of cannabinoid receptors, membrane cholesterol or FAAH activity.

关键词： Anandamide Cell Death RPTEC Caki-1 Endocannabinoid Receptor

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再现精彩赛事的“自由观看”视频系统

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世界广播电视 2007年第1期21卷 42-42,44-46页

作者：奥利弗·格劳 Oliver grau Adrian Hilton Joe Kilner Gregor Miller Tim Sargeant Jonathan Starck DTI-iview项目组成员

序言在电视体育节目的报道中．很多轶闻趣事转瞬即逝。体育节目制作人可能会采用一些如慢动作回放之类的技术尽可能地为观众提供有关的细节画面。尽管在回放时时间被拉长了，但对理解该活动至关重要的现场空间信息却没有发生改变。

关键词：拍摄足球直播 iview 虚拟摄像机

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慕尼黑植物园的演变是欧洲园林艺术发展的缩影

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中国园林 2011年第10期27卷 12-15页

作者：容克·格劳(德) 夏源(译) 丁一巨(校) 德国慕尼黑大学美国万生设计咨询(上海)公司上海200051 德国瓦伦丁＋瓦伦丁城市规划与景观设计事务所中国地区上海200092

欧洲的园林文化传统上青睐于规整式花园(后来被称为文艺复兴时期的花园),一直到18世纪自然风景园在英国和整个欧洲迅速蔓延开来。相比较而言,中国有着悠久的自然风景园林传统。建于1812年的慕尼黑的旧植物园刚开始也是一个规整式的花园... 详细信息

欧洲的园林文化传统上青睐于规整式花园(后来被称为文艺复兴时期的花园),一直到18世纪自然风景园在英国和整个欧洲迅速蔓延开来。相比较而言,中国有着悠久的自然风景园林传统。建于1812年的慕尼黑的旧植物园刚开始也是一个规整式的花园。直到1890年才转型为一个自然风景园。城市扩张给花园造成很大的用地问题。因此1914年慕尼黑新植物园选址在城市的西郊。这20hm2的花园既有规整式的花园区域,也有自然式的花园区域。此外,园内还另辟场地,成立了一个主题花园——生态高山植物园。主题园自20世纪中叶以来越来越受欢迎。如今,主题花园为植物园提供了提高形象的重要机会。

关键词：风景园林慕尼黑植物园欧洲园林艺术

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