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Portal vein thrombosis and arterioportal shunts:Effects on tumor response after chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第10期17卷 1267-1275页

作者： Thomas J vogl Nour-Eldin Nour-Eldin Sally Emad-Eldin Nagy NN Naguib Joerg Trojan Hans Ackermann Omar Abdelaziz Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Johan Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department Cairo University Hospital

AIM: To evaluate the effect of portal vein thrombosis and arterioportal shunts on local tumor response in advanced cases of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated by transarterial chemoembolization. METHODS: A retrospective study included 39 patients (mean age: 66.4 years, range: 45-79 years, SD: 7) with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were treated with repetitive transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the period between March 2006 and October 2009. The effect of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) (in 19 out of 39 patients), the presence of arterioportal shunt (APS) (in 7 out of 39), the underlying liver pathology,Child-Pugh score, initial tumor volume, number of tumors and tumor margin definition on imaging were correlated with the local tumor response after TACE. The initial and end therapy local tumor responses were evaluated according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) and magnetic resonance imaging volumetric measurements. RESULTS: The treatment protocols were well tolerated by all patients with no major complications. Local tumor response for all patients according to RECIST criteria were partial response in one patient (2.6%), stable disease in 34 patients (87.1%), and progressive disease in 4 patients (10.2%). The MR volumetric measurements showed that the PVT, APS, underlying liver pathology and tumor margin definition were statistically significant prognostic factors for the local tumor response (P = 0.018, P = 0.008, P = 0.034 and P = 0.001, respectively). The overall 6-, 12- and 18-mo survival rates from the initial TACE were 79.5%, 37.5% and 21%, respectively. CONCLUSION: TACE may be exploited safely for palliative tumor control in patients with advanced unresectable HCC; however, tumor response is significantly affected by the presence or absence of PVT and APS.

关键词：血栓形成门静脉肿瘤反应肝癌栓塞分流动脉

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Blood-brain barrier modeling: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第6期10卷 889-891页

作者： tobias Ruck Stefan Bittner Sven G.Meuth Department of Neurology University of Münster

The blood-brain barrier （BBB） forms a highly selective inter- face between blood and brain. Extensive research efforts have completely changed our view of the BBB in the last years, from a static, impermeable barrier to a dynamic, highly regulated and specific cellular system. The BBB ultrastructurally consists of specialized brain microvascular endothelial cells （BMEC） characterized by low pinocytic activity,

关键词： BBB cell Blood-brain barrier modeling challenges and perspectives ECM

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Fast repetition rate fs pulsed lasers for advanced PLIM microscopy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2019年第5期12卷 86-94页

作者： Sviatlana Kalinina Alexander Jelzow tobias Plotzing Angelika Rück University of Ulm Core Facility Confocal and Multiphoton MicroscopyN24 Albert-Einstein-Allee 1189081 UlmGermany Becker&Hickl GmbH Nahmitzer Damm 3012277 BerlinGermany Laser Quantum GmbH Max-Stromeyer-Str.11678467 KonstanzGermany

Simultaneous metabolic and oxygen imaging is promising to follow up therapy response,dis-ease development and to determine prognostic *** of metabolic coenzymes is now widely accepted to be the most reliable method to determine cellular ***,oxygen consumption has to be taken into account to understand treatment *** phosphorescence lifetimne of oxygen sensors is able to indicate local oxygen *** phosphorescence lifetime imaging(PLIM)dyes based on ruthenium(I)coordination com-plexes are useful,in detaill TLD1433 which possesses a variety of different triplet states,enables complex photochemistry and redox *** is usally reached by two photon exci-tation of the drug with a femtosecond(fs)pulsed Ti:Sapphire laser working at 80 MHz repe-tition rate and(time-correlated single photon counting)(TCSPC)detection *** interesting question was whether it is possible to follow up PLIM 1using faster repetition *** repetition rates could be advantageous for the induction of specific photochemical reactions because of similar light doses used normally in standard CW light *** this,a default 2p-FLIM-PLIM system was expanded by adding a second fs pulsed laser("helixx")which provides 50 fs pulses at a repetition rate of 250 MHz,more than 2.3 w average power and tunable from 720 nm to 920 *** laser beam was coupled into the AOM instead of the default 80 MHz *** demonstrated siuccessful applications of the 250 MHz laser for PLIM which correlates well with measurements done by excitation with the conventional 80MHx laser source.

关键词： Multiphoton microscopy axygen consumption phosphorescence lifetime microscopy fast repetition rate excitation short laser pulses Ru(I)complexes

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Health care in light of different theories of health——A proposed framework for integrating a social humanistic perspective into health care

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第5期17卷 321-327页

作者： Lena Gronblom Lundstrom Ulrika Aasa Yan Zhang tobias Sundberg Physiotherapy Unit Department of Community Medicine and RehabilitationUmea University90187 UmeaSweden Harris College o f Nursing and Health Sciences Texas Christian UniversityFort WorthTX 76109USA Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM) Faculty of HealthUniversity of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia Musculoskeletal and Sports Injury Epidemiology Center (MUSIC) Institute of Environmental MedicineKarolinska Institutet111 77 StockholmSweden

The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the biomedical,the biopsychosocial, and the social humanistic theories of health and to propose a framework for integrating the latter into health care. In summary, the definitions of health, illness and disease are essential to the practice of health care and play fundamental roles in how patients’ experiences of being ill are valued and assessed within health care systems. Principally, the biomedical perspective proceeds from pathoanatomical deficiencies defining disease and malfunction;the addition of psychosocial components forms a biopsychosocial *** addition, the social humanistic perspective extends from a person’s will, their ability to act, and the possibility to fulfill wanted actions. Thus, health care that does not address the social humanistic perspective may lack the power to describe how these entities are related to the patient on a personal level;thus,the will of the patient is not always fully addressed. Importantly, by targeting the will of the patient and the patient’s ability to act, the proposed framework of integrating a social humanistic perspective into health care may further emphasize and strengthen the interrelatedness of medical perspectives. A framework for integrating a social humanistic perspective into health care is proposed and its potential impact on health care is discussed.

关键词： Theoretical models Biomedical Biopsychosocial Social humanistic Review

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Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and gastrooesophageal reflux in neurologically impaired children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第2期17卷 191-196页

作者： Mike Thomson Prithviraj Rao David Rawat tobias G Wenzl Centre for Paediatric Gastroenterology Royal Free and University College Medical School Centre for Paediatric Gastroenterology Sheffield Childrens NHS TrustWestern BankSheffieldS10 2TH United Kingdom Kinderklinik Universittsklinikum Aachen

AIM:To investigate the effects of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG) feeding on gastro-oesophageal reflux(GOR) in a group of these children using combined intraluminal pH and multiple intraluminal impedance(pH/MII) . METHODS:Ten neurologically impaired children underwent 12 h combined pH/MII procedures at least 1 d before and at least 12 d after PEG placement. METHODS:Prior to PEG placement(pre-PEG) a total of 183 GOR episodes were detected,156(85.2%) were *** PEG placement(post-PEG) a total of 355 episodes were detected,182(51.3%) were *** total number of distal acid reflux events statistically significantly increased post-PEG placement(prePEG total 27,post-PEG total 173,P=0.028) and themean distal pH decreased by 1.1 *** distal reflux index therefore also significantly increased post-PEG [pre-PEG 0.25(0-2) ,post-PEG 2.95(0-40) ].Average proximal pH was lower post-PEG but the within subject difference was not statistically significant(P=0.058) . Median number of non-acid GOR,average reflux height,total acid clearance time and total bolus clearance time were all lower pre-PEG,but not statistically significant. CONCLUSION:PEG placement increases GOR episodes in neurologically impaired children.

关键词：儿童回流内镜神经学胃 PEG 神经功能 pH值

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Potentially dangerous glacial lakes across the Tibetan Plateau revealed using a large-scale automated assessment approach

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Science Bulletin 2019年第7期64卷 435-445页

作者： Simon Keith Allen Guoqing Zhang Weicai Wang TANDong Yao tobias Bolch Department of Geography University of Zurich Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Geography and Sustainable Development University of St Andrews

Glacial lake outburst floods(GLOFs) are a major concern in the Himalaya and on the Tibetan Plateau(TP),where several disasters occurring over the past century have caused significant loss of life and damage to infrastructure. This study responds directly to the needs of local authorities to provide guidance on the most dangerous glacial lakes across TP where local monitoring and other risk reduction strategies can subsequently be targeted. Specifically, the study aims to establish a first comprehensive prioritisation ranking of lake danger for TP, considering both the likelihood and possible magnitude of any outburst event(hazard), and the exposure of downstream communities. A composite inventory of 1,291 glacial lakes(>0.1 km^2) was derived from recent remote sensing studies, and a fully automated and object assessment scheme was implemented using customised GIS tools. Based on four core determinates of GLOF hazard(lake size, watershed area, topographic potential for ice/rock avalanching, and dam steepness), the scheme accurately distinguishes the high to very high hazard level of 19 out of 20 lakes that have previously generated GLOFs. Notably, 16% of all glacial lakes threaten human settlements, with a hotspot of GLOF danger identified in the central Himalayan counties of Jilong, Nyalam, and Dingri, where the potential trans-boundary threat to communities located downstream in Nepal is also recognised. The results provide an important and object scientific basis for decision-making, and the methodological approach is ideally suited for replication across other mountainous regions where such first-order studies are lacking.

关键词： GLOF Hazard Exposure Danger Tibetan Plateau Himalaya

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Moisture Absorption and Desorption in an Ionomer-Based Encapsulant:A Type of Self-Breathing Encapsulant for CIGS Thin-Film PV Modules

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Engineering 2020年第12期6卷 1403-1407页

作者： Miao Yang Raymund Schäffler tobias Repmann Kay Orgassa NICE Solar Energy GmbH Schwaebisch Hall 74523Germany

As an alternative to conventional encapsulation concepts for a double glass photovoltaic(PV)module,we introduce an innovative ionomer-based multi-layer encapsulant,by which the application of additional edge sealing to prevent moisture penetration is not *** spontaneous moisture absorption and desorption of this encapsulant and its raw materials,poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid)and an ionomer,are analyzed under different climatic conditions in this *** relative air humidity is thermodynamically the driving force for these inverse processes and determines the corresponding equilibrium moisture content(EMC).Higher air humidity results in a larger *** homogenization of the absorbed water molecules is a diffusion-controlled process,in which temperature plays a dominant ***,the diffusion coefficient at a higher temperature is still relatively ***,under normal climatic conditions for the application of PV modules,we believe that the investigated ionomer-based encapsulant can“breathe”the humidity:During the day,when there is higher relative humidity,it“inhales”(absorbs)moisture and restrains it within the outer edge of the module;then at night,when there is a lower relative humidity,it“exhales”(desorbs)the *** this way,the encapsulant protects the cell from moisture ingress.

关键词： Ionomer Encapsulant Moisture absorption and desorption Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic module

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Modelling fracture propagation and failure in a rock pillar under mechanical and thermal loadings

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2013年第1期5卷 73-83页

作者： Mikael Rinne Baotang Shen tobias Backers Fracom Ltd. Kirkkonummi Finland CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering Brisbane Australia Geomecon GmbH Potsdam Germany

The Aspoe Pillar Stability Experiment （APSE） was conducted to study the rock mass response in a heated rock pillar between two large boreholes. This paper summarizes the back calculations of the APSE using a two-dimensional （2D） fracture propagation code FRACOD. To be able to model all the loading phases of the APSE, including the thermal loading, the code was improved in several ways. A sequential excavation function was developed to model promptly the stepwise changing loading geometry. Prior to the mod- elling, short-term compressive strength test models were set up aiming to reproduce the stress-strain behaviour observed for the Aspoe diorite in laboratory. These models simulate both the axial and lateral strains of radial-controlled laboratory tests, The volumetric strain was calculated from the simulations and compared with the laboratory results, The pillar models include vertical and horizontal 2D models from where the stress in the pillar wall was investigated, The vertical model assesses the stability of the experimental rock volume and suggests the resultant stress below the tunnel floor in the pillar area. The horizontal model considers cross-sections of the pillar between the two large boreholes. The horizon- tal model is used to simulate the evolution of the stress in the rock mass during the excavation of the boreholes and during and the heating phase to give an estimation of the spalling strength. The modelling results suggest that the excavation-induced stresses will cause slight fracturing in the pillar walls, if the strength of the APSE pillar is set to about 123 MPa. Fracture propagation driven by thermal loading leads to minor spalling. The thermal evolution, elastic behaviour and brittle failure observed in the experiment are well reflected by the models.

关键词： Fracture propagationCoupled thermo-mechanical (TM) loadsPillar failure

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Monodisperse hollow silica spheres： An in-depth scattering analysis

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1366-1376页

作者： Pia Ruckdeschel Martin Dulle tobias Honold Stephan Forster Matthias Karg Markus Retsch Physical Chemistry 1 - Polymer Systems University ofBayreuth Universitatsstr. 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany Physical Chemistry 1 University of Bayreuth Universitatsstr. 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany Physical Chemistry 1 - Colloidal Systems University of Bayreuth Universitatsstr. 30 95447 Bayreuth Germany

Herein, we fabricate hollow silica nanoparticles with exceptionally narrow size distributions that inherently possess two distinct length scales-tens of nanometers with regards to the shell thickness, and hundreds of nanometers in regards to the total diameter. We characterize these structures using dynamic and static light scattering （DLS and SLS）, small angle X-ray scattering （SAXS）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and we demonstrate quantitative agreement among all methods. The ratio between the radius of gyration （SLS） and hydrodynamic radius （DLS） in these particles equals almost unity, corresponding to ideal capsule behavior. We are able to resolve up to 20 diffraction orders of the hollow sphere form factor in SAXS, indicating a narrow size distribution. Data from light and X-ray scattering can be combined to a master curve covering a q-range of four orders of magnitude assessing all hierarchical length scales of the form factor. The measured SLS intensity profiles noticeably change when the scattering contrast between the interior and exterior is altered, whereas the SAXS intensity profiles do not show any significant change. Tight control of the aforementioned length scales in one simple and robust colloidal building block renders these particles suitable as future calibration standards.

关键词： hollow sphere silica nanoparticle small angle X-ray scattering light scattering nanoscale characterization

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Hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic advances in signaling,epigenetic and immune targets

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第25期25卷 3136-3150页

作者： Daniel Neureiter Sebastian Stintzing tobias Kiesslich Matthias Ocker Institute of Pathology Cancer Cluster SalzburgParacelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken(SALK)Salzburg 5020Austria Medical Department Division of Oncology and HematologyCampus CharitéMitteCharitéUniversity Medicine BerlinBerlin 10117Germany Department of Internal Medicine I Paracelsus Medical University/Salzburger Landeskliniken(SALK)and Institute of Physiology and PathophysiologyParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg 5020Austria Translational Medicine Oncology Bayer AGBerlin 13353Germany CharitéUniversity Medicine Berlin Berlin 10117Germany

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains a global medical burden with rising incidence due to chronic viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver *** of advanced disease stages is still *** first and second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors,immune checkpoint inhibitors have become central for the treatment of *** modalities like epigenetic therapy using histone deacetylase inhibitors(HDACi)and cell therapy approaches with chimeric antigen receptor T cells(CAR-T cells)are currently under investigation in clinical *** of such novel drugs is closely linked to the availability and improvement of novel preclinical and animal models and the identification of predictive *** current status of treatment options for advanced HCC,emerging novel therapeutic approaches and different preclinical models for HCC drug discovery and development are reviewed here.

关键词： Liver cancer Immunotherapy Checkpoint inhibitors Targeted therapy Mouse model Biomarker Next-generation sequencing Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fibrosis Clinical trial

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