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Understanding the Low Predictability of the 2015/16 El Niño Event Based on a Deep Learning Model

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1313-1325页

作者： tingyu wang Ping HUANG Xianke YANG Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

The 2015/16 El Niño event ranks among the top three of the last 100 years in terms of intensity,but most dynamical models had a relatively low prediction skill for this event before the summer months.Therefore,the attribution of this particular event can help us to understand the cause of super El Niño–Southern Oscillation events and how to forecast them skillfully.The present study applies attribute methods based on a deep learning model to study the key factors related to the formation of this event.A deep learning model is trained using historical simulations from 21 CMIP6 models to predict the Niño-3.4 index.The integrated gradient method is then used to identify the key signals in the North Pacific that determine the evolution of the Niño-3.4 index.These crucial signals are then masked in the initial conditions to verify their roles in the prediction.In addition to confirming the key signals inducing the super El Niño event revealed in previous attribution studies,we identify the combined contribution of the tropical North Atlantic and the South Pacific oceans to the evolution and intensity of this event,emphasizing the crucial role of the interactions among them and the North Pacific.This approach is also applied to other El Niño events,revealing several new precursor signals.This study suggests that the deep learning method is useful in attributing the key factors inducing extreme tropical climate events.

关键词： ENSO attribution deep learning ENSO prediction extreme El Niño

Association of creatine kinase with Alzheimer’s disease pathology:A cross-sectional study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第1期137卷 117-119页

作者： Yutong wang Peiyang Gao Hongman Liu tingyu wang Jiaming Fan Tingbo Jiang Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI) Beijing Hospital National Center of GerontologyInstitute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215000China Institute for Cardiovascular Science of Soochow University SuzhouJiangsu 215000China Department of Neurology Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266071China Cardiac Function Department the Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao UniversityTaianShandong 271000China Department of Cardiac Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215000China 不详

To the Editor:Creatine kinase(CK),also called creatine phosphokinase,is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.It can be used to diagnose cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction,viral myocarditis,and pericarditis because it is a vital kinase directly related to intracellular energy operation,muscle contraction,and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)regeneration.Several studies have confirmed in recent years that serum biomarkers such as elevated CK are associated with Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and its related pathological protein.[1]Previous research indicated that systemic conditions,particularly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,are significant risk factors for cognitive impairment,and dysfunction of peripheral organs may also contribute to cognitive decline and AD.[2]However,the connection between CK and AD remains unknown.Therefore,to investigate the association between CK and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)AD pathology biomarkers,we analyzed data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI),a global multi-centered database.

关键词： Alzheimer pathology organs

Causal genetic regulation of DNA replication on immune microenvironment in colorectal tumorigenesis: Evidenced by an integrated approach of trans-omics and GWAS

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2024年第1期38卷 37-50页

作者： Sumeng wang Silu Chen Huiqin Li Shuai Ben tingyu Zhao Rui Zheng Meilin wang Dongying Gu Lingxiang Liu Department of Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Environmental Genomics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Genetic Toxicology the Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of EducationCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Biostatistics Center for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China Department of Oncology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210006China.

The interplay between DNA replication stress and immune microenvironment alterations is known to play a crucial role in colorectal tumorigenesis,but a comprehensive understanding of their association with and relevant biomarkers involved in colorectal tumorigenesis is lacking.To address this gap,we conducted a study aiming to investigate this association and identify relevant biomarkers.We analyzed transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of 904 colorectal tumor tissues and 342 normal tissues to examine pathway enrichment,biological activity,and the immune microenvironment.Additionally,we evaluated genetic effects of single variants and genes on colorectal cancer susceptibility using data from genome-wide association studies(GWASs)involving both East Asian(7062 cases and 195745 controls)and European(24476 cases and 23073 controls)populations.We employed mediation analysis to infer the causal pathway,and applied multiplex immunofluorescence to visualize colocalized biomarkers in colorectal tumors and immune cells.Our findings revealed that both DNA replication activity and the flap structure-specific endonuclease 1(FEN1)gene were significantly enriched in colorectal tumor tissues,compared with normal tissues.Moreover,a genetic variant rs4246215 G>T in FEN1 was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer(odds ratio=0.94,95%confidence interval:0.90–0.97,P_(meta)=4.70×10^(-9)).Importantly,we identified basophils and eosinophils that both exhibited a significantly decreased infiltration in colorectal tumors,and were regulated by rs4246215 through causal pathways involving both FEN1 and DNA replication.In conclusion,this trans-omics incorporating GWAS data provides insights into a plausible pathway connecting DNA replication and immunity,expanding biological knowledge of colorectal tumorigenesis and therapeutic targets.

关键词： trans-omics DNA replication tumor immune microenvironment causal mediation colorectal tumorigenesis

NiO@Ni nanoparticles embedded in N-doped carbon for efficient photothermal CO_(2) methanation coupled with H_(2)O splitting

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2283-2290页

作者： Yun Zhou Peng Zheng Fang wang Fangna Gu Wenqing Xu Qinyang Lu tingyu Zhu Ziyi Zhong Guangwen Xu Fabing Su Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Materials of Ministry of Education Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China Institute of Industrial Chemistry and Energy Technology Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China School of Ecology and Environment Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 100048China Beijing Key Laboratory of Enze Biomass Fine Chemicals College of New Materials and Chemical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Petrochemical TechnologyBeijing 102617China International School of Beijing 10 An Hua Street Shunyi DistrictBeijing 100048China Department of Chemical Engineering Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology(GTIIT)Shantou 515063China Technion Israel Institute of Technology(IIT) Haifa32000Israel

Photothermal carbon dioxide(CO_(2))methanation has attracted increasing interest in solar fuel synthesis,which employs the advantages of photocatalytic H_(2)O splitting as a hydrogen source and photothermal catalytic CO_(2) reduction.This work prepared three-dimensional(3D)honeycomb N-doped carbon(NC)loaded with core–shell NiO@Ni nanoparticles generated in situ at 500℃(NiO@Ni/NC-500).Under the photothermal catalysis(200℃,1.5 W/cm^(2)),the CH_(4) evolution rate of NiO@Ni/NC-500 reached 5.5 mmol/(g·h),which is much higher than that of the photocatalysis(0.8 mmol/(g·h))and the thermal catalysis(3.7 mmol/(g·h)).It is found that the generated localized surface plasmon resonance enhances the injection of hot electrons from Ni to NiO,while thermal heating accelerates the thermal motion of radicals,thus generating a strong photo-thermal synergistic effect on the reaction.The CO_(2) reduction to CH_(4) follows the*OCH pathway.This work demonstrates the synergistic effect of NiO@Ni and NC can enhance the catalytic performance of photothermal CO_(2) reduction reaction coupled with water splitting reaction.

关键词： Ni localized surface plasmon resonance photothermal methanation

Electrocatalytic Performance of Carbon Layer and Spherical Carbon/Carbon Cloth Composites Towards Hydrogen Evolution from the Direct Electrolysis of Bunsen Reaction Product

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 109-118页

作者： ZHANG Wanjia GUO tingyu LIU Yanhua ZHANG Xuewei ZOU Bo ZHAO Chun SUO Hui wang Hui ZHAO Xu College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 5A9Canada

A composite material comprising a carbon layer and spherical carbon/carbon cloth(C-SC/CC)was fabricated using a hydrothermal-pyrolysis method,employing carbon cloth as the substrate and glucose as the carbon source.The C-SC/CC electrode was evaluated as an electrocatalytic electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of Bunsen reaction products.The electrode prepared with 4 g of glucose and annealed at 800°C showed excellent electrocatalytic activity.It requires only a potential of 185 mV(vs.SCE)to achieve a current density of 10 mA/cm2.Furthermore,the electrode demonstrated good stability with a 6%loss in current density after 1000 cycles of scanning from 0.2 V to 1.2 V.These results indicate the potential of the SC/CC electrode as an efficient and durable electrocatalyst for the electrolysis of H2SO4 and HI.

关键词： Electrolysis of Bunsen reaction product Carbon material Composite material Hydrogen production

Miniaturized retractable thin-film sensor for wearable multifunctional respiratory monitoring

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Nano Research 2023年第9期16卷 11846-11854页

作者： Chengyu Li Zijie Xu Shuxing Xu tingyu wang Siyu Zhou Zhuoran Sun Zhong Lin wang Wei Tang Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China School of Nanoscience and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Center on Nanoenergy Research School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Peking University Third Hospital Beijing 100191China Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA 30332USA

As extremely important physiological indicators,respiratory signals can often reflect or predict the depth and urgency of various diseases.However,designing a wearable respiratory monitoring system with convenience,excellent durability,and high precision is still an urgent challenge.Here,we designed an easy-fabricate,lightweight,and badge reel-like retractable selfpowered sensor(RSPS)with high precision,sensitivity,and durability for continuous detection of important indicators such as respiratory rate,apnea,and respiratory ventilation.By using three groups of interdigital electrode structures with phase differences,combined with flexible printed circuit boards(FPCBs)processing technology,a miniature rotating thin-film triboelectric nanogenerator(RTF-TENG)was developed.Based on discrete sensing technology,the RSPS has a sensing resolution of 0.13 mm,sensitivity of 7 P·mm^(−1),and durability more than 1 million stretching cycles,with low hysteresis and excellent anti-environmental interference ability.Additionally,to demonstrate its wearability,real-time,and convenience of respiratory monitoring,a multifunctional wearable respiratory monitoring system(MWRMS)was designed.The MWRMS demonstrated in this study is expected to provide a new and practical strategy and technology for daily human respiratory monitoring and clinical diagnosis.

关键词： respiratory monitoring thin-film sensors discrete and vector self-powered triboelectric nanogenerator

Photobiomodulation inhibits the expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after spinal cord injury via the Sox9 pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 180-189页

作者： Zhihao Zhang Zhiwen Song Liang Luo Zhijie Zhu Xiaoshuang Zuo Cheng Ju Xuankang wang Yangguang Ma tingyu Wu Zhou Yao Jie Zhou Beiyu Chen Tan Ding Zhe wang Xueyu Hu Department of Orthopedics Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina

Both glial cells and glia scar greatly affect the development of spinal cord injury and have become hot spots in research on spinal cord injury treatment.The cellular deposition of dense extracellular matrix proteins such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans inside and around the glial scar is known to affect axonal growth and be a major obstacle to autogenous repair.These proteins are thus candidate targets for spinal cord injury therapy.Our previous studies demonstrated that 810 nm photo biomodulation inhibited the formation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans after spinal cord injury and greatly improved motor function in model animals.However,the specific mechanism and potential targets involved remain to be clarified.In this study,to investigate the therapeutic effect of photo biomodulation,we established a mouse model of spinal cord injury by T9 clamping and irradiated the injury site at a power density of 50 mW/cm~2 for 50 minutes once a day for 7 consecutive days.We found that photobiomodulation greatly restored motor function in mice and down regulated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan expression in the injured spinal cord.Bioinformatics analysis revealed that photobiomodulation inhibited the expression of proteoglycan-related genes induced by spinal cord injury,and versican,a type of proteoglycan,was one of the most markedly changed molecules.Immunofluorescence staining showed that after spinal cord injury,versican was present in astrocytes in spinal cord tissue.The expression of versican in primary astrocytes cultured in vitro increased after inflammation induction,whereas photobiomodulation inhibited the expression of ve rsican.Furthermore,we found that the increased levels of p-Smad3,p-P38 and p-Erk in inflammatory astrocytes were reduced after photobiomodulation treatment and after delivery of inhibitors including FR 180204,(E)-SIS3,and SB 202190.This suggests that Sma d 3/Sox9 and MAP K/Sox9 pathways may be involved in the effects of photobiomodulation.In summary,our findings show that photobiomodu

关键词： chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans Erk MAPK P38 photobiomodulation principal component analysis Smad3 Sox9 spinal cord injury versican

Experimental study on the mitigation effect of mangroves during tsunami wave propagation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第7期42卷 124-137页

作者： Cheng Chen Chen Peng Hui Yan Minjian Wei tingyu wang College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Mangroves are crucial for protecting coastal areas against extreme disasters such as tsunamis and storm surges.An experimental study was conducted to determine how mangroves can mitigate the tsunami wave propagation.The test was performed in a flume, where mangrove models were installed on a slope, and dam-burst waves were used to simulate tsunami waves. To study how mangrove forests reduce the impact of tsunamis, this paper measured the heights of the incoming waves under different initial conditions(tsunami wave intensity and initial water depth) and plant factors(arrangement and distribution density) and described the reduction process. The results show that, after passing through the mangrove, the tsunami bore height will decrease within a certain range as the initial water depth increases. However, there is no correlation between the increase of inundation level and the drop of water level. The bore height attenuation is more significant at higher density of mangroves,but after tsunami passing through the mangroves, the relative bore height will decrease. When the distribution density of mangroves is constant, the wave attenuation at different locations(before, on and after the slope)shows different relationships with the initial water depth and wave height for different models. The transmission coefficient(K_(i)) shows a parabolic correlation with its density. The proportion of the energy loss caused by the mangrove resistance to the total energy(E_(b)) is defined as C_(m2). The variation trend of C_(m2) corresponds to the tsunami wave energy attenuation rate(C_(a)) and K_(i).

关键词： mangroves tsunami wave distribution density arrangement transmission coefficient

makeTwin:A reference architecture for digital twin software platform

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第1期37卷 1-18页

作者： Fei TAO Xuemin SUN Jiangfeng CHENG Yonghuai ZHU Weiran LIU Yong wang Hui XU Tianliang HU Xiaojun LIU tingyu LIU Zheng SUN Jun XU Jinsong BAO Feng XIANG Xiaohui JIN Digital Twin International Research Center International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary ScienceBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute of Advanced Manufacturing and Intelligent Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China RIAMB(Beijing)Technology Development Co Ltd(R.T.D.)Beijing 100120China School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China School of Mechanical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 211189China School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China College of Mechanical Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China School of Machinery and Automation Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China Beijing Aero-top Hi-tech Co LtdBeijing 100176China

Digital twin is currently undergoing a significant transformation from the conceptual and theoretical research phase to the implementation and application phase.However,a universally adaptable research and development platform for digital twin is critically needed to meet the development requirements.Specifically,a publicly accessible simulation,testing,and validation platform which can support digital twin model building,data processing,algorithm design,configuration,etc.,is urgently required for researchers.Furthermore,for developers from the industry,a lowcode development platform that can offer a customizable suite of functions such as model creation,data management,protocol configuration,and visualization is urgently needed.Meanwhile,for enterprise users,there is a lack of an application management platform that can be configured and migrated for various application scenarios,functions,and modes.Therefore,based on the system research of digital twin theories and key technologies by the authors(such as the five-dimension digital twin model,digital twin modeling and digital twin data theory,digital twin standards,and so on),a digital twin software platform reference architecture,namely make Twin,is proposed and designed,as well as its ten core functions.The workflow of the make Twin and the interaction mechanisms among its core functions are described.Finally,a digital twin application system for a chemical fiber textile shop floor(CFTS)which was developed according to make Twin,is introduced,which validates the proposed reference architecture.

关键词： Digital twin Digital twin software platform Industrial software makeTwin Reference architecture