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Reduced mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor contributes to neurodegeneration in a model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy pathology

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2655-2666页

作者： yiy.ng Qin Wenzhen Zhu tingting Guo yiran Zhang tingting Xing Peng y.n Shihua Li Xiao-Jiang Li Su y.ng Guangdong Key Laboratory of non-human Primate Research Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education)Guangdong–HongKong–Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is a neurodegenerative disease caused by extended CAG trinucleotide repeats in the androgen receptor gene,which encodes a ligand-dependent transcription facto *** mutant androgen receptor protein,characterized by polyglutamine expansion,is prone to misfolding and forms aggregates in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in the brain in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy *** aggregates alter protein-protein interactions and compromise transcriptional *** this study,we reported that in both cultured n2a cells and mouse brain,mutant androgen receptor with polyglutamine expansion causes reduced expression of mesencephalic astrocyte-de rived neurotrophic *** n of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor amelio rated the neurotoxicity of mutant androgen receptor through the inhibition of mutant androgen receptor *** down endogenous mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in the mouse brain exacerbated neuronal damage and mutant androgen receptor *** findings suggest that inhibition of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor expression by mutant androgen receptor is a potential mechanism underly.ng neurodegeneration in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

关键词： androgen receptor mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor mouse model neurodegeneration neuronal loss neurotrophic factor polyglutamine disease protein misfolding spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy transcription factor

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Dramatical enhancement of circular dichroism in chiral hybrid perovskites via carboxylic hydrogen bond engineering

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Hang Li Xinling Li Peng Wang tingting Zhu Ruiqing Li Huang ye yaru Geng Hongliang Dai Junhua Luo State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian College University of Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry Fuzhou University College of Chemistry and Materials Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of EducationJiangxi Normal University

Chiral hybrid perovskites （CHPs） have been regarded as promising candidates for developing chiroptoelectronics ***,circular dichroism （CD）,as one of the most important characteristics to evaluate the chiroptical activity,remains at a comparatively low level in CHPs compared to other chiral materials,which hinders the successful applications of CHPs in stateof-the-art ***,exploring new methods for enhancing CD in CHPs is urgently.needed and remains ***,enhanced CD response has been successfully realized via constructing carboxylic hydrogen bonding in chiralachiral mixed cations perovskites （R/S-PPA）2（ABA）PbBr5（2R/2S）(PPA=1-phenylpropylamine,ABA=4-aminobutyric acid).Compared with the prototype （R/S-PPA）PbBr3（1R/1S）,2R/2S provide intimate connections between organic units and inorganic parts via carboxylic hydrogen bonding n–H···O bridge,contributing new chirality transfer paths.A larger inorganic skeletons’helicity in 2R/2S predicts a high degree of chirality ***,2R/2S exhibit significantly enhanced CD response with an anisotropy factor amplified by an order of ***,bright blue circularly polarized luminescence applications are achieved in 2R/*** work systematically investigates the correlation between CD and hydrogen bonding interaction in CHPs,meanwhile providing a new avenue to develop the application potential of chiral materials in chiroptoelectronics.

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Impacts of PI3K/protein kinase B pathway activation in reactive astrocytes: from detrimental effects to protective functions

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1031-1041页

作者： Ramón Pérez-núñez María Fernanda González Ana María Avalos Lisette Leyton Cellular Communication Laboratory Programa de Biología Celular y MolecularCenter for Studies on ExerciseMetabolism and Cancer(CEMC)Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas(ICBM)Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases(ACCDiS) Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences&Faculty of MedicineUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Facultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Autónoma de ChileSantiagoChile

Astrocytes are the most abundant type of glial cell in the central nervous *** injury and inflammation,astrocytes become reactive and undergo morphological and functional *** on their phenotypic classification as A1 or A2,reactive astrocytes contribute to both neurotoxic and neuroprotective responses,***,this binary classification does not fully capture the diversity of astrocyte responses observed across different diseases and *** analysis has revealed that reactive astrocytes have a complex landscape of gene expression profiles,which emphasizes the heterogeneous nature of their *** actively participate in regulating central nervous system inflammation by interacting with microglia and other cell types,releasing cytokines,and influencing the immune *** phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)signaling pathway is a central player in astrocyte reactivity and impacts various aspects of astrocyte behavior,as evidenced by in silico,in vitro,and in vivo *** astrocytes,inflammatory cues trigger a cascade of molecular events,where nuclear factor-κB serves as a central mediator of the pro-inflammatory ***,we review the heterogeneity of reactive astrocytes and the molecular mechanisms underly.ng their *** highlight the involvement of various signaling pathways that regulate astrocyte reactivity,including the PI3K/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),αvβ3 integrin/PI3K/AKT/connexin 43,and notch/PI3K/AKT *** targeting the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT cellular signaling pathway to control reactive astrocytes and prevent central nervous system damage,evidence suggests that activating this pathway could also yield beneficial *** dual function of the PI3K/AKT pathway underscores its complexity in astrocyte reactivity and brain function *** review emphasizes the importance of employ.ng astrocyte-exclusive models to underst

关键词： inflammation integrins neuroprotective neurotoxic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase reactive astrocytes signal transduction Thy-1(CD90)

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Leveraging ROTI map derived from Indonesian GnSS receiver network for advancing study of Equatorial Plasma Bubble in Southeast/East Asia

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 101-116页

作者： Prayitno Abadi Ihsan n.Muafiry Teguh n.Pratama Angga y.Putra Suraina Gatot H.Pramono Sidik T.Wibowo Febrylian F.Chabibi Umar A.Ahmad Wildan P.Tresna Asnawi Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityBandungIndonesia Directorate of Laboratory Management Facilities and Science and Technology Park Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)PontianakIndonesia Geophysics Laboratory Master Program in PhysicsUniversitas Gadjah Mada(UGM)YogyakartaIndonesia Research Center for Space Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG) JakartaIndonesia Research Center for Photonics Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Tangerang SelatanIndonesia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

This paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GnSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GnSS signals and degrade positioning *** by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GnSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude ***-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast *** provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)change index(ROTI)derived from this *** generate ROTI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific *** preliminary findings from the ROTI maps of Ina-CORS are ***,the Ina-CORS ROTI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther ***,we demonstrate that combined ROTI maps from Ina-CORS and GnSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East *** have demonstrated the combined ROTI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,*** observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities *** sharing ROTI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GnSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionosphe

关键词： Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB) GnSS receivers’network Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS) ionospheric map Rate of TEC change index(ROTI)map

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Development in oxide metallurgy for improving the weldability of high -strength low-alloy steel-Combined deoxidizers and microalloy.ng elements

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1263-1284页

作者： tingting Li Jian y.ng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

The mechanisms of oxide metallurgy include inducing the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)using micron-sized inclusions and restricting the growth of prior austenite grains(PAGs)by.nanosized particles during *** chaotically oriented IAF and refined PAGs inhibit crack initiation and propagation in the steel,resulting in high impact *** work summarizes the com-bined effect of deoxidizers and alloy.ng elements,with the aim to provide a new perspective for the research and practice related to im-proving the impact toughness of the heat affected zone(HAZ)during the high heat input *** complex deoxidation with other strong deoxidants,such as Mg,Ca,Zr,and rare earth metals(REMs),can improve the toughness of the heat-affected zone(HAZ)by re-fining PAGs or increasing IAF ***,it is difficult to identify the specific phase responsible for IAF nucleation because ef-fective inclusions formed by complex deoxidation are usually *** alloy.ng elements,such as C,Si,Al,nb,or Cr,con-tents can impair HAZ toughness.A high C content typically increases the number of coarse carbides and decreases the potency of IAF ***,Cr,or Al addition leads to the formation of undesirable *** reduces the high-temperature stability of the ***,V,and B can enhance HAZ ***-containing precipitates present good thermal *** or V(C,n)is ef-fective in promoting IAF nucleation due to its good coherent crystallographic relationship with *** formation of the B-depleted zone around the inclusion promotes IAF *** interactions between alloy.ng elements are complex,and the effect of adding dif-ferent alloy.ng elements remains to be *** the future,the interactions between various alloy.ng elements and their effects on ox-ide metallurgy,as well as the calculation of the nucleation effects of effective inclusions using first principles calculations will become the focus of

关键词： oxide metallurgy technology heat affected zone high-strength low-alloy steel intragranular acicular ferrite microalloy.ng element

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Discrete Element Modelling of Dynamic Behaviour of Rockfills forResisting High Speed Projectile Penetration

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第5期127卷 721-735页

作者： tingting Zhao y.T.Feng Jie Zhang Zhihua Wang Zhiy.ng Wang College of Mechanical and Vehical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering Swansea UniversitySwanseaSA28PPUK

This paper presents a convex polyhedral based discrete element method for modelling the dynamic behaviour ofrockfills for resisting high speed projectile penetration. The contact between two convex polyhedra is defined by theMinkowski overlap and determined by the GJK and EPA algorithm. The contact force is calculated by a Minkowskioverlap based normal model. The rotational motion of polyhedral particles is solved by employ.ng a quaternionbased orientation representation scheme. The energy-conserving nature of the polyhedral DEM method ensures arobust and effective modelling of convex particle systems. The method is applied to simulate the dynamic behaviourof a rockfill system under impact of a high speed projectile. The rockfill sample is generated by a three-dimensionalVoronoi meso method with a specific particle size distribution. The penetrating process of the projectile strikingthe rockfill target is simulated. Some physical quantities associated with the projectile such as the residual velocity,penetration resistance, and deflection angle are monitored which can reflect the influence of the characteristics ofthe rockfill target on its anti-penetration performance. It can be concluded that the developed polyhedral DEMmethod is a very promising numerical approach in analysing the dynamic behaviour of rockfill systems subject tohigh speed projectile impact.

关键词： Discrete element method minkowski overlap polyhedral particles rockfill protection system high speed projectile penetration

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Quaternion methods and models of regular celestial mechanics and astrodynamics

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2022年第1期43卷 21-80页

作者： y.n.CHELnOKOV Institute of Precision Mechanics and Control Russian Academy of SciencesSaratov410031Russia

This paper is a review,which focuses on our work,while including an analysis of many works of other researchers in the field of quaternionic *** regular quaternion models of celestial mechanics and astrodynamics in the Kustaanheimo-Stiefel(KS)variables and Euler(Rodrigues-Hamilton)parameters are *** models are derived by the quaternion methods of mechanics and are based on the differential equations of the perturbed spatial two-body problem and the perturbed spatial central motion of a point *** paper also covers some applications of these *** and Scheifele are known to have doubted that quaternions and quaternion matrices can be used efficiently to regularize the equations of celestial ***,the author of this paper and other researchers refuted this point of view and showed that the quaternion approach actually leads to efficient solutions for regularizing the equations of celestial mechanics and *** paper presents convenient geometric and kinematic interpretations of the KS transformation and the KS bilinear relation proposed by the present *** general(compared with the KS equations)quaternion regular equations of the perturbed spatial two-body problem in the KS variables are *** equations are derived with the assumption that the KS bilinear relation was not *** main stages of the quaternion theory of regularizing the vector differential equation of the perturbed central motion of a point particle are presented,together with regular equations in the KS variables and Euler parameters,derived by the aforementioned *** also present the derivation of regular quaternion equations of the perturbed spatial two-body problem in the Levi-Civita variables and the Euler parameters,developed by the ideal rectangular Hansen coordinates and the orientation quaternion of the ideal coordinate *** paper also gives new results using quaternionic methods in the pertur

关键词： celestial mechanics astrodynamics perturbed spatial two-body problem central motion regularization Levi-Civita and Kustaanheimo-Stiefel(KS)variables Euler parameter quaternion

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Absorption of laser radiation in ultracold plasma

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第10期25卷 128-131页

作者： n y Shaparev Institute of Computational Modeling Russian Academy of Sciences national Research Tomsk State University

In this paper, we analyze the spectral behavior(optical thickness, shape and linewidth) of laser radiation absorption under the correlation heating of ions in an ultracold plasma. The Voigt formula is used to find the absorption *** spectral line width is shown to grow with time while the optical thickness reduces. Our modeling results are in good agreement with the experimental findings reported in the literature.

关键词： absorption laser radiation ultracold plasma

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APPL2 negatively Regulates Olfactory Functions by Switching Fate Commitments of neural Stem Cells in Adult Olfactory Bulb via Interaction with notch1 Signaling

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neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第9期36卷 997-1008页

作者： Chong Gao tingting y.n Xingmiao Chen Kenneth K.y.Cheng Aimin Xu Jiangang Shen School of Chinese Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Department of Medicine Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Department of Health Technology and Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina

Adult olfactory.neurogenesis plays critical roles in maintaining olfactory ***-generated neurons in the subventricular zone migrate to the olfactory bulb(OB) and determine olfactory discrimination,but the mechanisms underly.ng the regulation of olfactory.neurogenesis remain *** previous study indicated the potential of APPL2(adaptor protein,phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 2) as a modulating factor for neurogenesis in the adult olfactory *** the present study,we report how APPL2 affects neurogenesis in the OB and thereby mediates olfactory discrimination by using both in vitro neural stem cells(nSCs) and an in vivo animal model-APPL2 transgenic(Tg) *** the in vitro study,we found that APPL2 overexpression resulted in nSCs switching from neuronal differentiation to gliogenesis while APPL2 knockdown promoted *** the in vivo study,APPL2 Tg mice had a higher population of glial cells and dampened neuronal production in the olfactory system,including the corpus callosum,OB,and rostral migratory *** APPL2 Tg mice displayed impaired performance in olfactory discrimination tests compared with wild-type ***,we found that an interaction of APPL2 with notch1 contributed to the roles of APPL2 in modulating the neurogenic lineage-switching and olfactory *** conclusion,APPL2 controls olfactory discrimination by switching the fate choice of nSCs via interaction with notch1 signaling.

关键词： APPL2 neurogenesis Olfactory bulb notch1 signaling

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Deep Learning Predicts Stress–Strain Relations of Granular Materials Based on Triaxial Testing Data

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第7期128卷 129-144页

作者： Tongming Qu Shaocheng Di y.T.Feng Min Wang tingting Zhao Mengqi Wang Zienkiewicz Centre for Computational Engineering College of EngineeringSwansea UniversitySwanseaWalesSA18EPUK College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China Institute of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group Theoretical DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA

This study presents an AI-based constitutive modelling framework wherein the prediction model directly learns from triaxial testing data by combining discrete element modelling(DEM)and deep learning.A constitutive learning strategy is proposed based on the generally accepted frame-indifference assumption in constructing material constitutive *** low-dimensional principal stress-strain sequence pairs,measured from discrete element modelling of triaxial testing,are used to train recurrent neural networks,and then the predicted principal stress sequence is augmented to other high-dimensional or general stress tensor via coordinate *** detailed hyperparameter investigations,it is found that long short-term memory(LSTM)and gated recurrent unit(GRU)networks have similar prediction performance in constitutive modelling problems,and both satisfactorily predict the stress responses of granular materials subjected to a given unseen strain ***,the unique merits and ongoing challenges of data-driven constitutive models for granular materials are discussed.

关键词： Deep learning granular materials constitutive modelling discrete element modelling coordinate transformation LSTM GRU

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