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Phytotoxicity in seven higher plant species exposed to di-n-butyl phthalate or bis （2-ethylhexyl） phthalate

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 259-268页

作者： tingting ma Ying TENG Peter CHRISTIE Yongming LUO Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Soil Science Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China

We investigated phytotoxicity in seven plant species exposed to a range of concentrations （0- 500 mg· kg^-1 soil） of di-n-butyl phthalate （DnBP） or his （2- ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP）, two representative phthalate esters （PAEs） nominated by USEPA as priority pollutants and known environmental estrogens. We studied seed germination, root elongation, seedling growth, biomass （fresh weight, FW） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of shoots and roots of wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.）, perennial ryegrass （Lolium perenne）, radish （Raphanus sativus L.）, cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.）, oat （Avena sativa） and onion （Allium cepa L.）, together with monitoring of plant pigment content （chlorophyll a, b and earotinoids） in alfalfa, radish and onion shoots. Root elongation, seedling growth and biomass of the test species were generally inhibited by DnBP but not by DEHP, indicating a lower level of phytotoxicity of DEHP than of DnBP. MDA contents of four species were promoted by PAE exposure, but not in alfalfa, ryegrass or onion shoots, indicating lower sensitivity of these three species to PAE pollutants. Plant pigment contents were clearly affected under the stress of both pollutants, implying the potential damage to the photosynthetic system of test plants, mainly by decreasing the content of chlorophyll a and b. Results of DnBP and DEHP phytotoxicity to the primary growth of test plants has provided information for the assessment of their environmental risk in the soil and also forms a basis for the further analysis of their toxic effects over the whole growth period of different plant species.

关键词： phytotoxicity di-n-butyl phthalate bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate malondialdehyde plant pigments(chlorophyll a b and carotinoids)

Impact of Surface Potential Vorticity Density Forcing over the Tibetan Plateau on the South China Extreme Precipitation in January 2008. Part Ⅱ:Numerical Simulation

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第3期33卷 416-432页

作者： Jiahui YU Yimin LIU tingting ma Guoxiong WU State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP) Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Tianjin Meteorological Service Center Tianjin 300074 College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

The surface air convergence on the eastern flank of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) can increase the in situ surface potential vorticity density (PVD). Since the elevated TP intersects with the isentropic surfaces in the lower troposphere, the increased PVD on the eastern flank of TP thus forms a PVD forcing to the intersected isentropic surface in the boundary layer. The influence of surface PVD forcing over the TP on the extreme freezing rain/snow over South China in January 2008 is investigated by using numerical experiments based on the Finite-volume Atmospheric Model of the IAP/LASG (FAMIL). Compared with observations, the simulation results show that, by using a nudging method for assimilating observation data in the initial flow, this model can reasonably reproduce the distribution of precipitation, atmospheric circulation, and PVD propagation over and downstream of the TP during the extreme winter precipitation period. In order to investigate the impact of the increased surface PVD over the TP on the extreme precipitation in South China, a sensitivity experiment with surface PVD reduced over the TP region was performed. Compared with the control experiment, it is found that the precipitation in the TP downstream area, especially in Southeast China, is reduced. The rainband from Guangxi Region to Shandong Province has almost disappeared. In the lower troposphere, the increase of surface PVD over the TP region has generated an anomalous cyclonic circulation over southern China, which plays an important role in increasing southerly wind and the water vapor transport in this area;it also increases the northward negative absolute vorticity advection. In the upper troposphere, the surface PVD generated in eastern TP propagates on isentropic surface along westerly wind and results in positive absolute vorticity advection in the downstream areas. Consequently, due to the development of both ascending motion and water vapor transport in the downstream place of the TP, extre

关键词： extreme weather event Tibetan Plateau potential vorticity density (PVD) surface PVD forcing numerical simulation

Robust Semi-nonnegative matrix Factorization with Adaptive Graph Regularization for Gene Representation

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2020年第1期29卷 122-131页

作者： JIANG Wei ma tingting FENG Xiaoting ZHAI Yun TANG Kewei ZHANG Jie School of mathematics Liaoning Normal University E-Government Research Center Chinese Academy of Governance

Various data representation algorithms have been proposed for gene expression. There are some shortcomings in traditional gene expression methods,such as learning the ideal affinity matrix to effectively capture the geometric structure of genetic data space,and reducing noises and outliers influences of data *** propose a novel matrix factorization algorithm called Robust semi-nonnegative matrix factorization(RSNMF)with adaptive graph regularization, which simultaneously performs matrix robust factorization with learning affinity matrix in a unified optimization framework. RSNMF also uses a loss function based on ?2,1-norm to improve the robustness of the model against noises and outliers.A novel Augmented Lagrange multiplier(ALM) is designed to obtain the optimal solution of RSNMF. The results of extensive experiments that were performed on gene expression datasets demonstrate that RSNMF outperforms the other algorithms, which validates the effectiveness and robustness of RSNMF.

关键词： Adaptive graph matrix factorization Robustness

Impact of Surface Potential Vorticity Density Forcing over the Tibetan Plateau on the South China Extreme Precipitation in January 2008. Part Ⅰ:Data Analysis

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2019年第3期33卷 400-415页

作者： tingting ma Guoxiong WU Yimin LIU Zhihong JIANG Jiahui YU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101

The external source/sink of potential vorticity (PV) is the original driving force for the atmospheric circulation. The relationship between surface PV generation and surface PV density forcing is discussed in detail in this paper. Moreover, a case study of the extreme winter freezing rain/snow storm over South China in January 2008 is performed, and the surface PV density forcing over the eastern flank of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been found to significantly affect the precipitation over South China in this case. The TP generated PV propagated eastward in the middle troposphere. The associated zonal advection of positive absolute vorticity resulted in the increasing of cyclo-nic relative vorticity in the downstream region of the TP. Ascending air and convergence in the lower troposphere developed, which gave rise to the development of the southerly wind. This favored the increasing of negative meridio-nal absolute vorticity advection in the lower troposphere, which provided a large-scale circulation background conducive to ascending motion such that the absolute vorticity advection increased with height. Consequently, the ascending air further strengthened the southerly wind and the vertical gradient of absolute vorticity advection between the lower and middle troposphere in turn. Under such a situation, the enhanced ascending, together with the moist air transported by the southerly wind, formed the extreme winter precipitation in January 2008 over South China.

关键词： potential vorticity density (PVD) absolute vorticity advection Tibetan Plateau winter precipitation

Projection of Summer Precipitation over the Yangtze–Huaihe River Basin Using Multimodel Statistical Downscaling Based on Canonical Correlation Analysis

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第6期30卷 867-880页

作者： WU Dan JIANG Zhihong ma tingting Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science & Technology

By using observational daily precipitation data over the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin, ERA-40 data, and the data from eight CMIP5 climate models, statistical downscaling models are constructed based on BP-CCA （combination of empirical orthogonal function and canonical correlation analysis） to project future changes of precipitation. The results show that the absolute values of domain-averaged precipitation relative errors of most models are reduced from 8%-46% to 1% 7% after statistical downscaling. The spatial correlations are all improved from less than 0.40 to more than 0.60. As a result of the statistical downscaling multi- model ensemble （SDMME）, the relative error is improved from -15.8% to -1.3%, and the spatial correlation increases significantly from 0.46 to 0.88. These results demonstrate that the simulation skill of SDMME is relatively better than that of the multimodel ensemble （MME） and the downscaling of most individual models. The projections of SDMME reveal that under the RCP （Representative Concentration Pathway） 4.5 scenario, the projected domain-averaged precipitation changes for the early （2016-2035）, middle （2046 2065）, and late （2081-2100） 21st century are 1.8%, 6.1%, and 9.9%, respectively. For the early period, the increasing trends of precipitation in the western region are relatively weak, while the precipitation in the east shows a decreasing trend. Furthermore, the reliability of the projected changes over the area east of l15°E is higher than that in the west. The stations with significant increasing trends are primarily located over the western region in both the middle and late periods~ with larger magnitude for the latter. Stations with high reliability mainly appear in the region north of 28.5°N for both periods.

关键词： summer precipitation BP-CCA statistical downscaling multimodel ensemble projection

Microwave hydrothermal synthesis of WO_(3)(H_(2)O)_(0.333)/CdS nanocomposites for efficient visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Frontiers of materials Science 2021年第4期15卷 589-600页

作者： tingting ma Zhen LI Wen LIU Jiaxu CHEN Moucui WU Zhenghua WANG Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry and Materials ScienceAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China

WO_(3)(H_(2)O)_(0.333)/CdS(WS)nanocomposites are obtained via a rapid microwave hydrothermal method,and they are served as visible light-driven photocatalysts for the H2 *** using Pt as the cocatalyst,the WS nanocomposite with 70 wt.%CdS reaches the H2 evolution rate of 10.32 mmol$g-1$h-1,much quicker than those of WO_(3)(H_(2)O)_(0.333)and *** cycling test reveals the good photocatalytic stability of the WS *** carrier transfer mechanism of WS nanocomposites can be explained by the Z-scheme *** existence of the Z-scheme heterojunction greatly helps to separate photogenerated carriers and thus improves the photocatalytic *** present work provides a rapid synthesis method for preparing Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts,and may be helpful for the green production of hydrogen.

关键词： nanocomposite semiconductor photocatalysis hydrogen evolution

A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid esters in contaminated soils

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 31-42页

作者： tingting ma Ying TENG Peter CHRISTIE Yongming LUO Yongshan CHEN mao YE Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom State key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution control (Jomt) Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

An optimized procedure based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is developed for the analysis of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), which are priority soil pollutants nominated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Quantification of PAEs in soil employs ultrasonic extraction (UE) (USEPA 3550) and ASE (USEPA 3545), followed by clean up procedures involving three different chromatography columns and two combined elution methods. GC-MS conditions under selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode are described and quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) criteria with high accuracy and sensitivity for target analytes were achieved. Method reliability is assured with the use of an isotopically labeled PAE, di-n-butyl phthalate-d4 (DnBP-D4), as a surrogate, and benzyl benzoate (BB) as an internal standard, and with the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM). QA/QC for the developed procedure was tested in four PAE-spiked soils and one PAE-contaminated soil. The four spiked soils were originated from typical Chinese agricultural fields and the contaminated soil was obtained from an electronic waste dismantling area. Instrument detection limits (IDLs) for the six PAEs ranged 0.10–0.31 μg·L−1 and method detection limits (MDLs) of the four spiked soils varied from a range of 20–70 μg·kg−1 to a range of 90–290 μg·kg−1. Linearity of response between 20 μg·L−1 and 2 mg·L−1 was also established and the correlation coefficients (R) were all>0.998. Spiked soil matrix showed relative recovery rates between 75 and 120% for the six target compounds and about 93% for the surrogate substance. The developed procedure is anticipated to be highly applicable for field surveys of soil PAE pollution in China.

关键词： phthalic acid esters quality assurance and quality control soil type accelerated solvent extraction certified reference materials

Advances in application of sensors for determination of phthalate esters

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 85-98页

作者： Chuanxiang Zhang Jie Zhou tingting ma Wenfei Guo Dan Wei Yimin Tan Yan Deng College of Packing and materials Engineering Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou 412007China

Phthalates esters(PAEs) are extensively used as additives for polymers in plastic, particularly in polyvinyl chloride(PVC) and polyethylene terephthalate(PET). These compounds are not part of the polymer chains and can be released easily from products and migrate into beverages and foods that come into direct contact, causing environmental and human health impacts. Simple and rapid detection of such substances is of great significance for ensuring environmental food safety and consumer health. At present, optical sensor and electrochemical sensor detection technologies have been applied to PAEs detection due to their advantages, such as simple, rapid, low cost, high sensitivity, simple operation, portability and high specificity. They can make up for the shortcomings of chromatographic detection technology, such as expensive equipment, cumbersome operation, the need for professional and technical personnel, and difficulty in achieving a large number of sample screening objectives. In this paper, research progress on optical sensors and electrochemical sensors for the detection of phthalates in recent ten years is reviewed and discussed. This is helpful to better understand preparation methods for sensors and their detection mechanisms for phthalates. The review will also be used in developing a more effective trace detection sensor for phthalates.

关键词： Phthalate esters Sensors Electrochemical Optical Determination

Metamorphic fluxes of water and carbon in rivers of the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第4期65卷 652-661页

作者： Jun ZHONG Siliang LI Zheng LI Xuetao ZHU Yuanbi YI tingting ma Sheng XU Congqiang LIU Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Geothermal activities are common in active orogenic zones and play an important role in surface-earth geochemical *** we analyzed the water chemical compositions,stable and radioactive carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon(δ^(13)CDICandΔ^(14)CDIC)of hot springs and large rivers in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP).The hot springs had major ions’concentrations varying in a wide range,and most hot springs’alkalinities resulted from high-temperature silicate *** observed hot springs’waters were affected by the mixing of metamorphic fluids and surface waters,which altered the water chemistry andΔ^(14)CDICof the hot *** the observedΔ^(14)CDICin hot springs was much higher than the theoreticalΔ^(14)CDICin metamorphic fluids(i.e.,-1000‰),we used an isotopic mass balance approach(i.e.,Δ^(14)CDIC)to quantify the contribution of surface waters to the hot *** the ions of metamorphic fluids were calibrated byΔ^(14)CDIC,the metamorphic water fluxes were calculated by the chemical mass balance approach of Ge/Si ratios,using the Monte-Carlo *** found that the proportion of metamorphic water fluxes to the river discharge ranged from 0.17%for the Yellow River to 0.52%for the Jinsha River,and it would be much higher in some *** horizontal metamorphic contributions of alkalinity to the large rivers ranged from 0.87%to 3.96%in eastern QTP,and the vertical metamorphic carbon outgassing would be much *** metamorphic fluids fluxes estimated in this study were much lower than previous estimations extrapolated from small Himalayan rivers,and thus we thought that the previous estimations of metamorphic carbon fluxes in QTP were likely *** propose that systematic studies are needed to be conducted to constrain the metamorphic carbon flux in *** study shed light on the release of metamorphic carbon in the orogenic zone,placing limits on the results of orogenic forcing on chemical weatherabili

关键词： Geothermal activities Δ^(14)CDIC Ge/Si ratio Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Metamorphic carbon