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Considerations for pediatric burn sedation and anal.esia

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第4期5卷 218-228页

作者： Al.ce Fagin tina l. palmieri Arkansas Chil.ren's Hospital 1 Children's Way Little Rock AR 72202 USA Shriners Hospital. for Chil.ren Northern Cal.fornia and University of Cal.fornia Davis 2425 Stockton Blvd Suite 718 Sacramento CA USA

Burn patients experience anxiety and pain in the course of their injury, treatment, and recovery. Hence, treatment of anxiety and pain is paramount after burn injury. Chil.ren, in particul.r, pose chal.enges in anxiety and pain management due to their unique physiol.gic, psychol.gic, and anatomic status. Burn injuries further compl.cate pain management and sedation as such injuries can have effects on medication response and el.mination. Burn injuries further compl.cate pain management and sedation as such injuries can have effects on medication response and el.mination. The purpose of this review is to describe the chal.enges associated with management of anxiety, pain, and sedation in burned chil.ren and to describe the different options for treatment of anxiety and pain in burned chil.ren.

关键词： Pediatric Sedation Burns

Pediatric burn resuscitation:past, present, and future

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第3期5卷 164-172页

作者： Kathl.en S. Romanowski tina l. palmieri Department of Surgery University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics 200 Hawkins Drive JCP 1500 Iowa City IA 52242 USA Shriners Hospital. for Chil.ren Northern Cal.fornia Sacramento California USA University of Cal.fornia Davis Davis California USA

Burn injury is a l.ading cause of unintentional.death and injury in chil.ren, with the majority being minor (l.ss than 10%). However, a significant number of chil.ren sustain burns greater than 15%total.body surface area (TBSA), l.ading to the initiation of the systemic infl.mmatory response syndrome. These patients require IV fl.id resuscitation to prevent burn shock and death. Prompt resuscitation is critical.in pediatric patients due to their smal. circul.ting bl.od vol.mes. Del.ys in resuscitation can resul. in increased compl.cations and increased mortal.ty. The basic principl.s of resuscitation are the same in adul.s and chil.ren, with several.key differences. The unique physiol.gic needs of chil.ren must be adequatel. addressed during resuscitation to optimize outcomes. In this review, we wil. discuss the history of fl.id resuscitation, current resuscitation practices, and future directions of resuscitation for the pediatric burn popul.tion.

关键词： Burns Resuscitation Pediatric

Sodium variabil.ty is associated with increased mortal.ty in severe burn injury

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第4期5卷 243-248页

作者： Soman Sen Nam Tran Brian Chan tina l. palmieri David G. Greenhal.h Kiho Cho Department of Surgery Division of Burn Surgery University of California Davis 2425 Stockton Blvd. Suite 718 Sacramento CA 95817 USA

Background:Dysnatremias are associated with increased mortal.ty in critical.y il. patients. Hypernatremia in burn patients is al.o associated with poor survival. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that high pl.sma sodium variabil.ty is a marker for increased mortal.ty in severel. burn-injured patients. Methods:We performed a retrospective review of adul. burn patients with a burn injury of 15%total.body surface area (TBSA) or greater from 2010 to 2014. Al. patients incl.ded in the study had at l.ast three serum sodium l.vel. checked during admission. We used mul.ivariate l.gistic regression anal.sis to determine if hypernatremia, hyponatremia, or sodium variabil.ty independentl. increased the odds ratio (OR) for death. Resul.s:Two hundred twel.e patients met entry criteria. Mean age and%TBSA for the study was 45 ± 18 years and 32 ± 19%. Twenty-nine patients died for a mortal.ty rate of 14%. Serum sodium was measured 10,310 times overal.. The median number of serum sodium measurements per patient was 22. Non-survivors were ol.er (59 ± 19 vs. 42 ± 16 years) and suffered from a more severe burn injury (50 ± 25%vs. 29 ± 16%TBSA). Whil. mean sodium was significantl. higher for non-survivors (138 ± 3 mil.iequival.nts/l.ter (meq/l.) than for survivors (135 ± 2 meq/l., mean sodium l.vel. remained within the l.boratory reference range (135 to 145 meq/l. for both groups. Non-survivors had a significantl. higher median number of hypernatremic (>145 meq/l. measurements (2 vs. 0). Coefficient of variation (CV) was significantl. higher in non-survivors (2.85 ± 1.1) than survivors (2.0 ± 0.7). Adjusting for TBSA, age, ventil.tor days, and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, a higher CV of sodium measurements was associated with mortal.ty (OR 5.8 (95%confidence interval.(CI) 1.5 to 22)). Additional.y, l.rge variation in sodium ranges in the first 10 days of admission may be associated with increased mortal.ty (OR 1.35 (95%CI 1.06 to1.7)). Concl.sions:Increased variabil.ty in pl.sma sodium may be associated with death in severe

关键词： Sodium Burns Critical il.ness Ions Hypernatremia Hyponatremia

Integrative genomic and transcriptomic profil.ng of pul.onary sarcomatoid carcinoma identifies mol.cul.r subtypes associated with distinct immune features and cl.nical.outcomes

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Cancer Innovation 2024年第3期3卷 81-94页

作者： Sahil.Seth Runzhe Chen Yang l.u Junya Fujimoto l.ngzhi Hong Al.xandre Reuben Susan Varghese Carmen Behrens tina McDowel. l.isa Sol.s Soto Cara Haymaker Annikka Weissferdt Neda Kal.or Jia Wu Xiuning l. Natal.e I Vokes Chao Cheng John V.Heymach Don l.Gibbons P.Andrew Futreal.Ignacio IWistuba Humam Kadara Jianhua Zhang Cesar Moran Jianjun Zhang Department of Genomic Medicine The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA TRACTION The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Graduate School.of Biomedical.Sciences The University of Texas MD Anderson and the University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical.Oncol.gy The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Transl.tional.Mol.cul.r Pathol.gy The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Epidemiol.gy The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Pathol.gy The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Imaging Physics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA Department of Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA

Background:Pul.onary sarcomatoid carcinoma(PSC)is a rare and aggressive subtype of non-smal. cel. l.ng cancer(NSCl.),characterized by the presence of epithel.al.and sarcoma-l.ke components.The mol.cul.r and immune l.ndscape of PSC has not been wel. defined.Methods:Mul.iomics profil.ng of 21 pairs of PSCs with matched normal.l.ng tissues was performed through targeted high-depth DNA panel.whol.-exome,and RNA sequencing.We describe mol.cul.r and immune features that define subgroups of PSC with disparate genomic and immunogenic features as wel. as distinct cl.nical.outcomes.Resul.s:In total.27 canonical.cancer gene mutations were identified,with TP53 the most frequentl. mutated gene,fol.owed by KRAS.Interestingl.,most TP53 and KRAS mutations were earl.er genomic events mapped to the trunks of the tumors,suggesting branching evol.tion in most PSC tumors.We identified two distinct mol.cul.r subtypes of PSC,driven primaril. by immune infil.ration and signal.ng.The Immune High(IM-H)subtype was associated with superior survival.highl.ghting the impact of immune infil.ration on the biol.gical.and cl.nical.features of l.cal.zed PSCs.Concl.sions:We provided detail.d insight into the mutational.l.ndscape of PSC and identified two mol.cul.r subtypes associated with prognosis.IM-H tumors were associated with favorabl. recurrence-free survival.and overal. survival.highl.ghting the importance of tumor immune infil.ration in the biol.gical.and cl.nical.features of PSCs.

关键词： genomic immune pul.onary sarcomatoid carcinoma survival

Neuroprotective potential.of traditional.Ayurvedic Kadha:age-rel.ted neurol.gical.disorders:a comprehensive l.terature review

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Traditional.Medicine Research 2024年第9期9卷 51-77页

作者： Sarvin Sadreddini Mohammad Javad Emami Kazemabad Sogand Sheikhol.sl.mi Kosar Chitzan-Zadeh Mohammad Taha Kouchaki Midia Rashidi Amir Abbas Ghayerin Shahin Sabaghi Ghazal.Tavakol. Sepehr Nanbakhsh tina Mansourian Arefeh Tabashiri Fariba Arbab Mojeni Mohammed Namiq Amin Zahra Taheri Seyed Esmaeil.Sedighi Taraneh Tarkashvand Parham Amirazodi Mobina Fathi Shirin Yaghoobpoor Nil.ofar Deravi School.of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz ***Iran School.of Medicine Qom University of Medical SciencesQom ***Iran School.of Medicine Hamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadan ***Iran School.of Medicine Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvaz ***Iran Facul.y of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabriz ***Iran School.of Medicine Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran School.of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran ***Iran School.of Medicine Mazandaran University of Medical SciencesSari ***Iran School.of Medicine Kermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshah ***Iran Facul.y of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehran ***Iran Department of Biol.gy Faculty of SciencePayamNoor UniversityTehran ***Iran Facul.y of Medicine Islamic Azad University of Medical ScienceTehran 193951495Iran International.Campus Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazd ***Iran

Despite modern medicine’s advancements,age-rel.ted neurol.gical.diseases l.ke Al.heimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease remain chal.enging due to high costs,side effects,and l.mited accessibil.ty.Ayurveda,a traditional.Indian medicine system,offers Kadha tea as a potential.herbal.option.This review expl.res Kadha’s components(basil.Ocimum basil.cum l.),bl.ck pepper(Piper nigrum l.),Cinnamon(Cinnamomum verum J.Presl.,ginger(Zingiber officinal. Roscoe),and raisin(Vitis vinifera l.))and their interaction with various neurol.gical.disorders.Studies suggest Kadha exhibits anti-infl.mmatory,antioxidant,and antiviral.properties,potential.y impacting Al.heimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,neurotoxicity,neuroinfl.mmation,and brain trauma.By focusing on specific disease mechanisms and Kadha’s intergrade effects,this review aims to el.cidate its potential.rol. in managing age-rel.ted neurol.gical.disorders.

关键词： Ayurveda Kadha neuroprotective neurol.gical.disorders traditional.medicine

An Accurate Dynamic Forecast of Photovol.aic Energy Generation

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Fl.id Dynamics & Material. Processing 2022年第6期18卷 1683-1698页

作者： Anoir Souissi Imen Guidara Maher Chaabene Giuseppe Marco tina Moez Bouchouicha Signal Image et Maîtrise de l’Energie(SIME Laboratory)Tunis1008Tunisia Dipartimento di Ingegneria El.ttrica Elettronica e InformaticaCatania95125Italy l.boratoire l.S-Equipe SIIM Département GMP IUT Toulon83041France

The accurate forecast of the photovol.aic generation(PVG)process is essential.to devel.p optimum instal.ation sizing and pragmatic energy pl.nning and management.This paper proposes a PVG forecast model.for a PVG/Battery instal.ation.The forecasting strategy is buil. on a Medium-Term Energy Forecasting(MTEF)approach refined dynamical.y every hour(Dynamic Medium-Term Energy Forecasting(DMTEF))and adjusted by means of a Short-Term Energy Forecasting(STEF)strategy.The MTEF predicts the generated energy for a day ahead based on the PVG of the l.st 15 days.As for STEF,it is a combination between PVG Short-Term(ST)forecasting and DMTEF methods obtained by sel.cting the l.ast inaccurate PVG estimation every 15 minutes.The al.orithm resul.s are val.dated by measures taken on a 3 KWp standal.ne PVG/Battery instal.ation.The proposed approaches have been integrated into a management al.orithm in order to make a pragmatic decision to ensure l.ad suppl. considering rel.vant constraints and priorities and guarantee the battery safety.Simul.tion resul.s show that STEF provides accurate resul.s compared to measures in stabl. and perturbed days.The NMBE(Normal.zed Mean Bias Error)is equal.to-0.58%in stabl. days and 26.10%in perturbed days.

关键词： Energy Forecasting MTEF DMTEF STEF ARIMA model photovol.aic energy

Approaches for handl.ng high-dimensional.cl.ster expansions of ionic systems

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npj Computational.Material. 2022年第1期8卷 1254-1264页

作者： Jul.a H.Yang tina Chen l.is Barroso-l.que Zinab Jadidi Gerbrand Ceder Department of Material. Science and Engineering BerkeleyCA94720USA Material. Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA

Disordered mul.icomponent systems attract great interest due to their engineering design fl.xibil.ty and subsequent rich space of properties.However,detail.d characterization of the structure and atomic correl.tions remains chal.enging and hinders ful. navigation of these compl.x spaces.A l.ttice cl.ster expansion is one tool.to obtain configurational.and energetic resol.tion.Whil. in theory a cl.ster expansion can be appl.ed to any system of any dimensional.ty,the method has primaril. been used in binary systems or ternary al.oys.Here we appl. cl.ster expansions in high-component ionic systems,setting up the l.rgest cl.ster expansion ever attempted to our knowl.dge.In doing so,we address and discuss chal.enges specific to high-component ionic systems,namel. charge state assignments,structural.rel.xations,and rank-deficient systems.We introduce practical.procedures to make the fitting and anal.sis of compl.x systems tractabl.,providing guidance for future computational.studies of disordered ionic systems.

关键词： properties cl.ster ionic

Features of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning Cases in Hong Kong 2004-2007

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Biomedical.and Environmental.Sciences 2008年第6期21卷 521-527页

作者： CHUN-KWAN WONG PATRICIA HUNG KEl.IE l. H. l.E tina MOK THOMAS CHUNG KAI-MAN KAM Biotoxin l.boratory Public Health Laboratory Services Branch Centre for Health Protection Department of Health Shek Kip Mei Kowloon Food and Environmental.Hygiene Department Queensway Government Offices

Ohjective To review the cl.nical.features and l.boratory investigations of ciguatera patients in Hong Kong between 2004 and 2007 in order to show the timel. sampl.ng of impl.cated fish from ciguatera victims and appl.cation of val.dated mouse bioassay for confirming suspected cl.nical.cases of ciguatera. Methods Diagnosis of the ciguatera victims was based on history of coral.fish consumption and cl.nical.presentations stated in official.guidel.nes for cl.nical.diagnosis of ciguatera fish poisoning in Hong Kong. Food remnants of coral.fish sampl.s were col.ected swiftl. from ciguatera victims between 2004 and 2007 for ciguatoxins （CTXs） anal.sis. Resul.s Major cl.nical.symptoms in ciguatera patients incl.ded gastrointestinal.and neurol.gical.effects incl.ding l.mb numbness and diarrhoea, which devel.ped at 0.5 to 15 hours after consumption of fish. In most cases, neurol.gical.symptoms were more common than gastrointestinal.symptoms. A broad range of attack rate （10%-100%） was observed in each ciguatera outbreak. Val.dated mouse bioassay on ether extracts of the food remnant sampl.s confirmed that al. were CTXs-positive （〈0.5 - 4.3 MU/20 mg ether extract） and directl. l.nked to the corresponding ciguatera cases. Concl.sion Consistency between cl.nical.and l.boratory anal.sis for ciguatera poisoning il.ustrates the appl.cation of l.boratory mouse bioassay in a timel. fashion for confirming ciguatera poisoning cases and impl.menting effective publ.c heal.h measures. With further improvement in l.boratory techniques, features of ciguatera fish poisoning cases can be better defined, Further studies are needed to determine the risk of each cl.ss of CTXs （Pacific-, Indian- and Caribbean-CTXs） in Hong Kong.

关键词： Ciguatera poisoning Ciguatoxin Food remnants Hong Kong Mouse bioassay

Maximum Entropy and Bayesian Inference for the Monty Hal. Probl.m

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Journal.of Appl.ed Mathematics and Physics 2016年第7期4卷 1222-1230页

作者： Jennifer l. Wang tina Tran Fisseha Abebe Norcross High School Norcross GA USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Clark Atlanta University Atlanta GA USA

We devise an approach to Bayesian statistics and their appl.cations in the anal.sis of the Monty Hal. probl.m. We combine knowl.dge gained through appl.cations of the Maximum Entropy Principl. and Nash equil.brium strategies to provide resul.s concerning the use of Bayesian approaches unique to the Monty Hal. probl.m. We use a model.to describe Monty’s decision process and cl.rify that Bayesian inference resul.s in an “irrel.vant, therefore invariant” hypothesis. We discuss the advantages of Bayesian inference over the frequentist inference in tackl.ng the uneven prior probabil.ty Monty Hal. variant. We demonstrate that the use of Bayesian statistics conforms to the Maximum Entropy Principl. in information theory and Bayesian approach successful.y resol.es dil.mmas in the uneven probabil.ty Monty Hal. variant. Our findings have appl.cations in the decision making, information theory, bioinformatics, quantum game theory and beyond.

关键词： The Monty Hal. Probl.m Conditional.Probabil.ty Nash Equil.brium Bayesian Inference Maximum Entropy Principl.