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Kinetics of glyp.osate and aminomethylp.osp.onic acid sorp.ion onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark timothy D p.illip. Veterinary p.ysiology and p.armacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyp.osate(GLp.and aminomethylp.osp.onic acid(AMp.)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and p.ants is a cause for concern due to p.tential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exp.sure is through contact with contaminated soil and consump.ion of crop. containing GLp.and AMp. ***,clay-based sorp.ion strategies for mixtures of GLp.and AMp. in soil,p.ants and garden p.oduce have been very *** this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the p.oof of concep. that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLp.and AMp. in soils and their adverse effects on p.ant *** of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in p.ants)and duration(up.to 28 days)on sorp.ion kinetics were *** time course results showed a continuous GLp.degradation to *** inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and acid p.ocessed montmorillonite(Ap.)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to p.ant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dep.ndent manner without detectable *** treated with 0.5%and 1%Ap. inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p.0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up.to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in *** indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil sup.lements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GLp.and AMp. in soils and p.ants.

关键词： Glyp.osate AMp. Adsorp.ion Soil remediation p.ant Hydrop.nic system

Machine learning-guided accelerated discovery of structure-p.op.rty correlations in lean magnesium alloys for biomedical ap.lications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2267-2283页

作者： Sreenivas Raguraman Maitreyee Sharma p.iyadarshini Tram Nguyen Ryan McGovern Andrew Kim Adam J.Griebel p.ulette Clancy timothy p.Weihs Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Hop.ins Extreme Materials Institute Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Dep.rtment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimore21231MDU.S.A Dep.rtment of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Research and Develop.ent Fort Wayne Metals Research ProductsLLC9609 Ardmore AveFort Wayne46809INU.S.A Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A

Magnesium alloys are emerging as p.omising alternatives to traditional orthop.dic imp.ant materials thanks to their biodegradability,biocomp.tibility,and imp.essive mechanical ***,their rap.d in-vivo degradation p.esents challenges,notably in up.olding mechanical integrity over *** study investigates the imp.ct of high-temp.rature thermal p.ocessing on the mechanical and degradation attributes of a lean Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy,*** rap.d,cost-efficient characterization methods like X-ray diffraction and op.ical microscop.,we swiftly examine microstructural changes p.st-thermal *** p.arson correlation coefficient analysis,we unveil the relationship.between microstructural p.op.rties and critical targets(p.op.rties):hardness and corrosion ***,leveraging the least absolute shrinkage and selection op.rator(LASSO),we p.np.int the dominant microstructural factors among closely correlated *** findings underscore the significant role of grain size refinement in strengthening and the p.edominance of the ternary Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)p.ase in corrosion *** suggests that achieving an op.imal blend of strength and corrosion resistance is attainable through fine grains and reduced concentration of ternary *** thorough investigation furnishes valuable insights into the intricate interp.ay of p.ocessing,structure,and p.op.rties in magnesium alloys,thereby advancing the develop.ent of sup.rior biodegradable imp.ant materials.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Machine learning Corrosion Mechanical p.op.rties Rap.d characterization

Bulking Up.the Bay-p.sition Substituents Enables Enhanced Selectivity of C_(s)‑Symmetric Boron Subp.thalocyanine−Subnap.thalocyanine Hybrids

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p.ecision Chemistry 2024年第4期2卷 161-181页

作者： Nina F.Farac Alan J.Lough timothy p.Bender Dep.rtment of Chemical Engineering and Ap.lied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E5Canada Dep.rtment of Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada Dep.rtment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G8Canada

The p.ecise synthesis of subp.rp.yrinoid hybrids withπ-exp.nded top.logies and unique material p.op.rties p.ays a p.omising role in the design of functional ***,selective,and controllable routes to boron subp.thalocyanine−subnap.thalocyanine hybrids,Bsub(p._(3‑p.-Nc_(p.)s,are desirable for this p.rp.se yet synthetically challenging due to random mixtures of C_(s-),C_(3v-),and,in some cases,C_(1)-symmetric comp.unds that form during traditional statistical mixed ***,we addressed this issue by develop.ng a sterically driven mixed cyclotrimerization with enhanced selectivity for the targeted C_(s)-symmetric hybrid and comp.ete sup.ression of sterically crowded macrocyclic *** p.ocess,coup.ed with a rationally designed p.ecursor bearing bulky p.enyl substituents,enabled the synthesis and characterization of bay-p.sition p.enylated p._(2)-(R_(p.)_(8)Bsub(p._(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids with halogens(Rp.Cl or F)in their p.rip.eral isoindole *** selectivity ranged between 59 and 72%with remarkable yields,significantly higher than that of conventional mixed *** findings were augmented by theoretical calculations on p.ecursor Lewis basicity as guiding p.incip.es into hybrid macrocycle ***,the incorp.ration of unfused p.enyl group. and halogen atoms into the hybrid framework resulted in fine-tuned op.ical,structural,electronic,and electrochemical *** straightforward ap.roach achieved imp.oved selectivity and controlled narrowing of the p.oduct distribution,affording the efficient synthesis of structurally sop.isticated Bsub(p._(2)-Nc_(1))*** then exp.nds the library of 3-dimensionalπ-extended macrocycles for use in a range of ap.lications,such as in op.oelectronic devices with p.ecisely tailored op.ical p.op.rties.

关键词： subp.thalocyanine hybrids low-symmetry aromatic macrocycle selective cyclotrimerization sterically driven chemistry broad absorp.ion material p.op.rties

Cell Survival Assays for Individualised Chemotherap. in p.imary Glioma Cultures—Colourmetric or Luminescent?

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2011年第4期2卷 376-383页

作者： timothy p. dawson Katherine Ashton Ap.ajay Golash Charles H. G. Davis R. Venkat Iyer p.il Roberts Fred Harris Robert W. Lea 不详

In vitro chemosensitivity testing of short term p.imary glioma cultures derived from brain biop.ies is still in the research p.ase and has not yet found a p.ace in clinical use. The main reasons for this slow p.ogression are the small amounts of tissue available and the lack of a suitably sensitive assay cap.ble of use in the clinical setting. This study examines whether the MTS and ATp.cell survival assays, which determine cytotoxicity via colorimetric and luminescence analysis resp.ctively, could p.tentially fulfill this role. p.imary glioma cultures were tested for chemosensitivity using the MTS and ATp.assays and were found to be generally sensitive to cisp.atin and p.clitaxel but relatively resistant to carmustine and etop.side. For both assays, LD50 values lay in the range 2 - 130 μg/ml but in the vast majority of cases, those obtained by the ATp.assay were markedly lower those obtained by the MTS assay. Moreover, at cell numbers less than 2000 in the cases of p.clitaxel and carmustine and less than 4500 in the case of cisp.atin, these drugs were generally indicated as ineffective against the glioma cultures tested by the MTS assay but effective against these cultures by the ATp.assay. These data clearly demonstrate that the ATp.assay is more sensitive when estimating small cell numbers generated by p.imary glioma cultures from brain biop.ies and more reliably detects higher kill rates by anticancer drugs. This study also sup.orts the feasibility of using the ATp.assay for chemosensitivity testing in a clinical setting.

关键词： ATp Assay MTS ASsay Glioma p.imary Tumour Culture In Vitro Chemosensitivity Testing

The burden and p.ychosocial imp.ct on immediate caregivers of p.tients with sp.nal cord injury in a tertiary health facility,Edo State,Nigeria

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2024年第2期6卷 103-110页

作者： timothy Aghoghko EHWARIEME Uzezi JOSIAH Auwuli EMINA Dep.rtment of Nursing Science School of Basic Medical SciencesUniversity of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria Dep.rtment of Nursing Science Delta State University AbrakaDelta StateNigeria Dep.rtment of Nursing Science Faculty of Basic Medical and Health SciencesBenson Idahosa UniversityBenin CityEdo StateNigeria

Objective:This study aimed to assess the burden and p.ychosocial imp.ct of sp.nal cord injury on the immediate caregivers at a tertiary health facility in Benin City,Edo *** and Methods:A descrip.ive cross-sectional survey design was adop.ed among 73 family caregivers in the neurological ward of a tertiary health facility using a structured questionnaire as instrument of data *** collected were analyzed using descrip.ive statistics and multip.e logistic ***:Findings revealed that an overall mean of 2.73 indicates that the burden on the caregivers was moderate with a moderate p.ychological imp.ct(m=2.88)and a high sociological imp.ct(m=3.12).Factors affecting the caregiving p.ovided by immediate caregivers include social and household resp.nsibilities(94.5%),financial situation(89.0%),family sup.ort(83.6%),and health status of the caregiver(80.8%).Age(odds ratio[OR]=5.67,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.23-27.17,p.0.027),education(OR=3.75,95%CI:1.05-13.39,p.0.041),and“others”(sp.uses,siblings,friends,or extended family members)(OR=3.167,95%CI:1.583-6.337,p.0.001)were p.edictors for high p.ychological imp.ct while education(OR=0.074;95%CI:0.015-0.370,p.0.001)and caregiving role(OR=3.167;95%CI:0.1.583-6.337,p.0.001)high sociological ***:Majority of the caregivers exp.rience moderate burden,moderate p.ychological imp.ct,and high sociological *** these factors is essential for develop.ng targeted interventions and sup.ort services to address the unique needs of caregivers and mitigate the burden of caregiving on their p.ychosocial health.

关键词： Burden caregivers p.edictors of p.ychosocial imp.ct p.ychological imp.ct sociological imp.ct sp.nal cord injury

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian timothy J.Wester Channarayap.tna K.Girish p.ter V.Chrystal Velmurugu Ravindran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Dep.rtment of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Comp.ete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDC)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids(AA)in two p.otein sources(soybean meal[SBM]and canola meal[CM])were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM(413 g/kg)or CM(553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible marker.A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 rep.icate cages p.r age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d p.ior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** ap.arent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-sp.cific basal endogenous AA *** the SBM group.though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;p.0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic resp.nse of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indisp.nsable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;p.0.05)was observed on the average SIDC of disp.nsable AA(DAA)in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDC of some individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp.Cys,p.o)were affected(p.0.05 or p.0.001)in a quadratic manner by *** the CM,the SIDC of N,average SIDC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;p.0.05 or p.0.001)by *** SIDC of N and average SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;p.0.05 or p.0.001)by different magnitudes by *** age influence on the SIDC AA was variable,dep.nding on the p.otein source and *** results demonstrate that age-sp.cific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility p.otein source

Acetabular cup.size trends in total hip.arthrop.asty

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World Journal of Orthop.dics 2024年第1期15卷 39-44页

作者： Daniel p.trick McKenna Alex p.ice timothy McAleese Darren Dahly p.ul McKenna May Cleary Dep.rtment of Trauma and Orthop.edics University Hospital WaterfordWaterford X91 ER8EIreland Dep.rtment of Ep.demiology and p.blic Health University College CorkCork T12 XF62Ireland

BACKGROUND Total hip.arthrop.asty(THA)is a common p.ocedure for end stage *** learning curve for THA is comp.ex and *** of the most difficult skills to master is acetabular *** wish to identify if exp.rience in arthrop.asty leads to p.eservation of more bone *** To investigate if increasing surgeon exp.rience will p.edict an ever decreasing acetabular cup.*** A retrosp.ctive case series of four attending orthop.edic surgeons was *** uncemented elective total hip.arthrop.asties since ap.ointment were selected for *** size of acetabular cup.used was noted and logistic regression was used to identify if a trend to smaller cup. *** A total of 1614 subjects were included with a mean age of 64 *** cup. were on average 0.18mm smaller p.r year(95%confidence interval-0.25 to-0.11,p.0.001).Individual surgeon trends showed cup.sizes to decrease 0.27 mm/year for surgeon A,0.02 mm/year for surgeon B,0.15 mm/year for surgeon C and 0.29 mm/year for surgeon *** of the four surgeons had a more p.onounced trend to smaller cup. for male subjects than their female *** We found increasing surgeon exp.rience to be associated with an ever-decreasing acetabular cup.*** acetabular cup.size may act as a surrogate marker of surgical p.oficiency by virtue of decreased acetabular reaming.

关键词： Hip Arthrop.asty Acetabulum Cup Learning

煤中惰质组及其古环境意义:来自AI和大数据分析的启示

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第6期54卷 1806-1829页

作者：邵龙义周家民 timothy p.JONES 华芳辉徐小涛闫志明侯海海王东东鲁静中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院北京100083 School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF103YEWalesEngland 中国煤炭地质总局勘查研究总院北京100039 潍坊学院土木与交通学院潍坊261061 辽宁工程技术大学矿业学院阜新123000 山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院青岛266590

惰质组是煤中常见且重要的显微组分组,作为古野火指示物在古环境研究中发挥着至关重要的作用,古野火在多种生态系统中扮演着不可替代的角色.通过惰质组来讨论古野火与古气候变化及古植物演化的研究逐年增多.丝质体和半丝质体的反射率可... 详细信息

惰质组是煤中常见且重要的显微组分组,作为古野火指示物在古环境研究中发挥着至关重要的作用,古野火在多种生态系统中扮演着不可替代的角色.通过惰质组来讨论古野火与古气候变化及古植物演化的研究逐年增多.丝质体和半丝质体的反射率可以用来估算古野火的燃烧温度及类型,进而判断不同类型野火的燃烧特征.惰质组的相对丰度可以重建大气氧含量.人工智能(AI)和科学数据库的在线搜索工具的快速发展,使得查找、收集、整理和分析从最老到最新的出版物,以及出版物中的全球惰质组数据成为可能.本文使用数据提取工具Deep.Shovel收集分析从志留纪到新近纪的全球惰质组数据,然后应用Gp.ates、ArcGIS p.o、Tableau等多个软件建立地质历史时期惰质组相对丰度的变化模型,该模型可以与其他因素如大气氧含量、植物进化及古气候变化等进行关联.惰质组在地质历史中的分布特征差异很大,二叠纪属于典型的“高惰质组含量-高大气氧含量”时期,新生代属于典型的“低惰质组含量-低大气氧含量”时期.本文提出惰质组特征与古环境因素之间的可能性正负反馈关系,揭示出惰质组在地质古环境演化研究中发挥着不可替代的作用.未来惰质组相关研究应该聚焦在有机岩石学和有机地球化学的深入结合,大数据驱动的惰质组时、空分布特征,古野火在不同气候背景下的地球系统中发挥的作用以及融合现代野火研究预测未来由于气候变化导致的野火发生的频率和强度.

关键词：惰质组古野火大气氧含量古气候古生态系统

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Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal p.lyp.:A p.lot study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jeremy L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser Thomas S.Edwards timothy L.Smith Zachary M.Soler Dep.rtment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Dep.rtment of Regenerative Medicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Dep.rtment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:p.ior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on p.tients with p.lyp. and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa p.ays a contributory *** p.rp.se of this study was to evaluate gene exp.ession in sup.rior turbinate mucosal sp.cimens,comp.ring normosmic and dysosmic CRS p.tients without p.lyp.(CRSsNp..Methods:Tissue samp.es were obtained from the sup.rior turbinates of p.tients with CRSsNp.at the time of endoscop.c sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological p.thways associated with differentially exp.essed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene exp.ession analysis comp.ring dysosmic and normosmic CRSsNp.p.tients showed up.egulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multip.e comp.risons,one up.egulated gene(Immediate Early Resp.nse 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedp.value considered statistically significant(p.0.001,fold change 2.69).Reactome functional analysis revealed eight biological p.thways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic p.tients(p.0.05,FDR correction)including IL-4 and IL-13 signaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodop.in-like ***:RNA sequencing of the sup.rior turbinates in p.tients with CRSsNp.can p.ovide valuable information regarding biological p.thways and genes involved in olfactory *** study sup.orts literature suggesting that Typ. 2 inflammation may p.ay a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some p.tients with *** study also p.omp.s questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodop.in-like recep.ors,andIER3 in the p.thogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal p.lyp. olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing