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Partitioning Anatolian Kinematics into Tectonic Escape and Slab Rollback Dominated Domains

Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 758-768页

作者： Jiannan meng timothy m.kusky Erdin Bozkurt Hao Deng Ozan Sinoplu State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical University06800 AnkaraTurkey Department of Geosciences Auburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA

Anatolia is the global archetype of tectonic escape,as witnessed by the devastating 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake sequence,and the 2020 Samos Earthquake,which show different kinematics related to the framework of the escape *** Positioning System(GPS)motions of the wedge-shaped plate differ regionally from northwestwards to southwestwards(from east to west).Anatolia was extruded westward from the Arabian-Eurasian collision along the North and East Anatolian fault systems,rotating counterclockwise into the oceanic free-faces of the mediterranean and Aegean,with dramatic extension of western Anatolia in traditional ***,which is the dominant mechanism for this change in kinematics,extrusion related to the Arabia/Eurasia collision or rollback of the African slab beneath western Anatolia is still *** assess the dominant driving mechanisms across Anatolia,we analyze recent GPS velocity datasets,and decomposed them into N-S and E-W components,revealing that westward motion is essentially constant across the whole plate and consistent with the slip rates of the North and East Anatolia fault zones,while southward components increase dramatically in the transition area between central and western Anatolia,where a slab tear is *** phenomenon is related to different tectonic driving *** ArabiaEurasia collision drives the Anatolian Plate uniformly westwards while western Anatolia is progressively more affected by the southward retreating African subducting slab west of the Aegean/Cypriot slab tear,which significantly increases the southward component of the velocity field and causes the apparent curve of the whole modern velocity *** 2020 and 2023 earthquake focal mechanisms also confirm that the northward colliding Arabian Plate forced Anatolia to the west,and the retreating African slab is pulling the upper plate of western Anatolian apart in *** propose that the Anatolian Plate is moving westwards as

关键词： tectonics neotectonics tectonic escape slab rollback Anatolian Plate GPS velocity field geodynamics.

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Déjàvu:might Future Eruptions of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Volcano be a Repeat of the Devastating Eruption of Santorini,Greece(1650 BC)?

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第2期33卷 229-235页

作者： timothy m.kusky Center for Global Tectonics Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-HazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The remote Pacific islands nation of Tonga(about 170 islands,with a population of 105000),and surrounding countries,are suffering from the damage from one of the largest,most explosive volcanic eruptions in at least several decades,at least since the 1991 eruption of Pinatubo in the *** data is still coming in from the Jan.15,2022 *** reports show(remarkably)few casualties,but the islands are still(as of this writing)inaccessible because of thick volcanic ash coverings。

关键词： volcanic eruption thick

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ASTER Analysis for Locating REE-Bearing Granites in Arid Regions:Example from the Arabian Shield

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1114-1123页

作者： Reda Amer timothy m.kusky Department of Earth and Space Sciences Lamar UniversityBeaumontTX77710USA State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesBadong National Observatory and Research Station for GeohazardsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

The world’s increasing demand for rare earth elements(REEs)highlights the potential for using new multispectral remote sensing techniques to define new exploration targets in arid regions,such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(KSA),Egypt,and regions of central and western *** REEs cannot be detected by satellite multispectral instruments,REEs-bearing alkaline granites can be identified on ASTER ***,we develop a new ASTER band ratio scheme to delineate mineralization-related features of the Ghurayyah REE-bearing peralkaline granite in the northwestern *** Ghurayyah peralkaline stock is located at the intersection of a NW striking segment of the Najd-fault system,and an E-W striking *** is surrounded to the north and west by metavolcanics,from east by the Jabal Dabbagh alkali granite,and from the south by *** mineralogical composition of granitic rocks resulted in spectral variation and causes absorption features at different wavelengths in the shortwave infrared(SWIR).The newly developed band ratios were constructed from(b6+b8)/(b6–b8)in red;(b6+b8)/b4 in green,and(b7–b9)/(b7+b9)in blue,enabling the discrimination between the Ghurayyah REE-bearing peralkaline granite,Jabal Dabbagh alkali granite,monzogranite,and *** work will be carried out to perform higher-resolution drone-based hyperspectral imaging for new high-resolution mapping and evaluate the existing REE deposits,emphasizing field spectral measurements to identify the spectral reflectance of REEs mineralized zones and the absorption features of monazite,columbite-tantalite,and aeschynite-(Y),coupled with rock sampling for petrographical,spectral,and geochemical *** methods have great potential for locating REEs-bearing peralkaline granites in the Arabian shield and elsewhere,such as arid portions of central and western China and adjacent regions.

关键词： remote sensing multispectral imaging rare earth elements Arabian Shield mineral exploration

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Comparative orotomy of the Archean Superior and Phanerozoic Altaid orogenic systems

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 20-48页

作者： timothy m.kusky A.m.Celal ?eng?r Center for Global Tectonics School of Earth Sciences and State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and Mineral ResourcesChina University of Geosciences Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Department of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical University Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences Istanbul Technical University Department of Geology Faculty of Mines Istanbul Technical University

We compare and contrast the materials and mechanisms of continental crustal growth in the largest preserved regions of Phanerozoic and Archean juvenile additions to the crust,to test for similarities or differences in the formation of continents through *** accomplish this through a comparison of map patterns,lithological contents,and structural and metamorphic evolution of the Phanerozoic Altaid orogenic system of Asia,with the Archean Superior Province of the North American Craton,using a method termed comparative *** orogenic systems consist of collages of curvilinear belts of eroded arcs,some older continental slivers,and vast tracts of former subduction/accretionary *** contain numerous shreds of portions of the ophiolite suite,slivers of island and continental arcs,and accreted oceanic plateau,all intruded by multiple magmatic suites during or between multiple deformation events,then sliced by large transcurrent fault systems and bent into large oroclinal *** make this comparison because the Superior Province is a typical Archean craton that was later,in the P aleoproterozoic,incorporated into the larger North American Craton,and has occupied a central position in several super continents(*** and Nuna,which then formed the core of Columbia,Rodinia,Laurentia and Pangea) during its *** it is the largest single fragment of Archean continental cratonic lithosphere preserved on Earth,the Superior Province is widely regarded as a testing ground for how Earth’s continental crust was ***,the Altaids encompass the largest region of crustal growth for the *** comparison with the Altaids is needed,as in recent years many myths about how the planet may have responded to higher heat production and flow in the Archean have emerged,because of trends in the science where regional geology is ignored in favor of numerical models,isotopic proxies for assumed models of chemical behavior for crust-for

关键词： Altaids superior province ophiolite subduction strike-slip

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Twin Earthquakes Devastate Southeast Türkiye and Syria:First Report from the Epicenters

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第2期34卷 291-296页

作者： timothy m.kusky Erdin Bozkurt Jiannan meng Lu Wang Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geological Engineering Middle East Technical University06800 AnkaraTürkiye

In early February,2023,southeastern Türkiye and northern Syria were hit by a series of deadly earthquakes(two of them above magnitude 7.5)that are proving to be one of the most significant earthquake disasters of this ***“twin quakes”caused a large number of casualties and property *** of press time,the death toll in Türkiye and Syria has surpassed 51000 and the number of injured has surpassed 120000,with the number affected>13.5 *** toll is constantly rising and the hope of finding more survivors has rapidly *** USGS PAGER(United States Geological Survey,Prompt Assessment of Global Earthquake for Response)service estimates economic losses of 10–100 billion US dollars.

关键词： Earthquake quake southeastern

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Plate Tectonics:The Stabilizer of Earth’s Habitability

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第6期34卷 1645-1662页

作者： Zhensheng Wang Junfeng Zhang Keqing Zong timothy m.kusky Yanxin Wang State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430078China

Earth is the only planet known to be habitable,and is also unique with its liquid water,and the operation of plate *** geological record shows that the habitability of our planet can rapidly recover from major disasters or catastrophes,even those that cause mass *** suggest that plate tectonics,which acts as a link between the shallow and deep,is pivotal for the formation,evolution,and long-term stability of the hydrosphere,atmosphere,lithosphere,and thus *** tectonics links the surface environment with the deep interior of high viscosity,low Reynolds number,low entropy,and low chaos,able to produce a strong healing effect to neutralize catastrophic *** can transfer the bio-essential elements from the deep interior to the near-surface environment and can recycle toxic elements to the *** unique planetary energy and material transfer process of Earth is a continuous,slow-release,and bidirectional cycle,where a change in the surface is slowly buffered by a reaction from the deep,shaping a long-term and stable habitable ***,it is considered that plate tectonics is the basic condition for the long-term stable evolution of the Earth’s biosphere and the stabilizer of the Earth’s habitability.

关键词： Earth's habitability plate tectonics hydrosphere atmosphere continents

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Has Axial Spin Decline Affected Earth's Geologic and Tectonic History?

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第5期33卷 1333-1336页

作者： Anne m.Hofmeister Robert E.Criss timothy m.kusky Department of Earth and Planetary Science Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO63130USA State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and mineral Resources Center for Global TectonicsSchool of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Badong National Observatory and Research Station for Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

0 INTRODUCTION Among the rocky planets,only Earth remains active 4.5 Ga after ***,only Earth has a chemically and structurally complex,bimodal surface with unequivocal horizontal *** unique plate motions are currently... 详细信息

关键词： Earth formation mantle

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GIS-Based Analysis of Relative Tectonic Activity along the Kazerun Fault Zone, Zagros mountains, Iran: Insights from Data mining of Geomorphic Data

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第5期26卷 712-723页

作者： Ali Faghih Ahmad Nourbakhsh timothy m.kusky Department of Earth Sciences College of Sciences Shiraz University Three Gorges Research Center for Geo-hazard Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences

This paper tests a data mining method for evaluation of the ＂IRTA＂（Index of Relative Tectonic Activity） to investigate the impact of active tectonics on geomorphic processes and landscape development. Based upon K-means clustering of six basin-related geomorphic indices（the hypsometric integral, basin asymmetric factor, drainage density, basin shape ratio, mean axial slope of the channel and topographic roughness） that represent the relative strength of active tectonic deformation on topography and morphology, the relative tectonic activity along the Kazerun Fault Zone in the Zagros mountains of Iran may be classified into low, moderate and high relative tectonic activity zones. The results allow the identification of the clusters of similarly deformed areas related to relative tectonic activity. The utilization of geomorphic parameters as well as IRTA with comparison to the field observations exhibit change in relative tectonic activities mostly corresponding to the change in mechanism of the prominent fault zones in the study area.

关键词： active tectonics geomorphic index K-means clustering Kazerun Fault Zone Zagros Iran

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Tertiary and Quaternary marine Terraces and Planation Surfaces of Northern Oman:Interaction of Flexural Bulge migration Associated with the Arabian-Eurasian Collision and Eustatic Sea Level Changes

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第6期27卷 955-970页

作者： Ye Yuan timothy m.kusky Sankaran Rajendran State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and mineral Resources Three Gorges Research Center for GeohazardsMinistry of EducationChina University of Geosciences Center for Global Tectonics School of Earth SciencesChina University of Geosciences Department of Earth Sciences Sultan Qaboos University

The northeastern Arabian passive margin is being subducted beneath the Zagros and makran of Iran. A flexural bulge related to the weight of the makran has migrated at 4 cm/a through the previously uplifted Hajar mountains of Oman as this active convergence and collision between Arabia and Eurasia progresses, adding approximately another 500 meters of relief, and forming a series of uplifted marine terraces, alluvial terraces, and planation surfaces that record the passage of the bulge. We use a combination of field studies, remote sensing and GIS to map and better-understand these terraces, and elucidate how the tectonics of bulge migration, down-to-trench normal faulting, and eustatic sea level changes have interacted to produce the extant geomorphic features on the inner slope of the flexural bulge as it sinks into the foredeep of the Gulf of Oman. We speculate those terraces that were uplifted on the outer slope of the forebulge as it initially migrated through the passive margin （affected by ophiolite obduction in the Cretaceous） 3.75-7.5 ma ago are now sinking on the inner slope of the forebulge （corresponding to the outer trench slope in the foredeep）, and have been partly covered by Quaternary marine terraces related to a Weichselian sea level high stand. Both the Tertiary and Quaternary terraces are cut by faults related to the active collision, confirming that there is a significant risk of moderate earthquakes in the region.

关键词： marine terraces flexural bulge Arabia-Eurasia collision Sultanate of Oman remote sensing image processing Quaternary sea level fluctuation.

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Geomorphometric Evidence of an Active Pop-up Structure along the Sabzpushan Fault Zone,Zagros mountains,SW Iran

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第6期27卷 945-954页

作者： Ali Faghih Iman Nezamzadeh timothy m.kusky Department of Earth Sciences College of SciencesShiraz University State Key Laboratory for Geological Processes and mineral Resources Three Gorges Research Center for GeohazardsMinistry of EducationChina University of Geosciences Center for Global Tectonics School of Earth SciencesChina University of Geosciences

Evaluation of active tectonism by means of geomorphic indices has provided crucial semi-quantitative data for evaluating seismic hazards in a fault zone in a semiarid area of the Zagros mountains of Iran where tectonic rates are low-to-moderate and there are few Quaternary dates. Quaternary activity along the seismically active but poorly understood Sabzpushan fault zone （SFZ） has been investigated. The SFZ consists of two dextral strike-slip faults, the Zafarabad and Kafari faults. Geomorphic indices including mountain front sinuosity, valley asymmetry factor, hypsometric integral, valley floor width to valley height ratio and stream length gradient index were used to assess the effects of active reverse faults which control the topographic relief and Quaternary activity. Geomorphometric and field evidence reveal that the Quaternary activity and topographic relief of the study area are controlled by two reverse faults, the North and South Sabzpushan reverse faults, which have formed a pop-up structure in the contractional step-over area between the Zafarabad and Kafari dextral strikeslip faults as a consequence of oblique convergence between the Afro-Arabian and Iranian plates accommodated by the North and South Sabzpushan thrust faults.

关键词： active tectonics geomorphic indices Sabzpushan fault zone pop-up structure Zagros Iran.

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