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Fluoride removal by Al,Ti,and Fe hydroxides and coexisting ion effect

作者： (美)timothy J. O＇leary linda l.O’leary

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第7期29卷 190-195页

作者： Jianfeng Zhang timothy E.Brutus Jiemin Cheng Xiaoguang Meng School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China Center for Environmental Systems Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA College of Geography and Environment Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China

Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate fluoride removal by Al,Fe,and Ti-based coagulants and adsorbents,as well as the effects of coexisting ions and formation of aluminum–fluoride complexes on fluoride removal by co-precipitation with alum（Al_2（SO_4）_3·18H_2O）.Aluminum sulfate was more efficient than the other coagulants for fluoride removal in the pH range between 6 and ***-crystalline TiO_2 was more effective for fluoride removal than Al and Fe hydroxides in a pH range of 3–*** anions in water decreased the removal of fluoride in the order：phosphate（2.5 mg/l）〉 arsenate（0.1 mg/l）〉 bicarbonate（200 mg/l）〉sulfate（100 mg/l） = nitrate（100 mg/l）〉 silicate（10 mg/l） at a pH of *** effect of silicate became more significant at pH 〉 *** and magnesium improved the removal of ***-potential measurements determined that the adsorption of fluoride shifted the PZC of Al（OH）_3 precipitates from 8.9 to 8.4,indicating the chemical adsorption of fluoride at the *** presence of fluoride in solution significantly increased the soluble aluminum concentration at pH 〈 6.5.A Visual MINTEQ modeling study indicated that the increased aluminum solubility was caused by the formation of AlF^（2＋）,AlF^（＋2）,and AlF_*** AlF_x complexes decreased the removal of fluoride during co-precipitation with aluminum sulfate.

关键词： Fluoride removal Co-precipitation Aluminum sulfate Anion effect

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Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： Emma M Coghill timothy Johnson Russell E Morris Ian l Megson Stephen J leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral ***,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can *** most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural *** incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment *** antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm ***,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be *** review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation Spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

Utility of MtCOI polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in differentiating between Q and B whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotypes

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 107-114页

作者： Wei-Hua Ma Xian-Chun li timothy J. Dennehy Chao-liang lei Mo Wang Benjamin A. Degain Robert l. Nichols Department of Entomology and BI05 Institute University of Arizona Tuscon AZ 85721 USA Department of Plant Protection College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan China Cotton Incorporated 6399 Weston Parkway Cary NC 27513 USA

The invasive, insecticide-resistant, Q whitefly biotype, has gradually spread to other countries including the US via human-mediated movement of plant materials. We assessed the utility of the VspI-based mtCOI （mitochondrion cytochrome oxidase I） polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFlP） technique as a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable alternative for differentiating the Q from the dominant B biotype in Arizona. Using the standard mtCOI gene sequencing and mtCOI PCR-RFlP techniques, we biotyped eight whitefly strains of five individuals each collected from poinsettia and cotton at different locations in Arizona. Complete concordance was observed between the two methods, with three strains being identified as the Q biotype and five samples as the B biotype. We also scanned the mtCOI gene sequences for VspI polymorphisms in the B and Q biotype whiteflies currently available in the GenBank database. This global screening revealed the existence of three and four VspI polymorphic types for the Q and B biotypes, respectively. Nevertheless, all three VspI polymorphic Q biotype whiteflies shared a common and unique VspI site that can be used to differentiate Q biotype from the four VspI polymorphic B biotype whiteflies identified. These results demonstrate that the VspI-based mtCOI gene PCR-RFlP provides a reliable diagnostic tool for differentiating the Q and B biotype whiteflies in the US and elsewhere.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci biotype diagnosis tool mtCOI gene PCR-RFlP Vspl enzyme

Accumulation of mutations in genes associated with sexual reproduction contributed to the domestication of a vegetatively propagated staple crop,enset

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 449-458页

作者： Kiflu Gebramicael Tesfamicael Endale Gebre timothy J.March Beata Sznajder Diane E.Mather Carlos Marcelino Rodríguez lópez Environmental Epigenetics and Genetics Group Department of HorticultureCollege of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546USA Policy Study Institute P.O.Box:2479Addis AbabaEthiopia School of Agriculture Food&WineThe University of AdelaideWaite CampusGlen OsmondSAAustralia

Enset(Ensete ventricosum(Welw.)Cheesman)is a drought tolerant,vegetatively propagated crop that was domesticated in *** is a staple food for more than 20 million people in *** its current importance and immense potential,enset is among the most genetically understudied and underexploited food *** collected 230 enset wild and cultivated accessions across the main enset producing regions in Ethiopia and applied amplified fragment length polymorphism(AFlP)and genotype by sequencing(GBS)analyses to these *** and cultivated accessions were clearly separated from each other,with 89 genes found to harbour SNPs that separated wild from cultivated *** these,17 genes are thought to be involved in flower initiation and seed *** cultivated accessions,differentiation was mostly associated with geographical location and with proximity to wild *** results indicate that vegetative propagation of elite clones has favoured capacity for vegetative growth at the expense of capacity for sexual *** is consistent with previous reports that cultivated enset tends to produce non-viable seeds and flowers less frequently than wild enset.

关键词： cultivated elite flowers

Autoantibody to MOG suggests two distinct clinical subtypes of NMOSD

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Science China(life Sciences) 2016年第12期59卷 1270-1281页

作者： Yaping Yan Yujing li Ying Fu li Yang lei Su Kaibin Shi Minshu li Qiang liu Aimee Borazanci Yaou liu Yong He Jeffrey l Bennett timothy l Vollmer Fu-Dong Shi Departments of Neurology and Immunology Tianjin Neurological Institute Tianjin Medical University General Hospital Tianjin 300052 China Department of Neurology Barrow Neurological Institute St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center Phoenix 85013 USA State Key laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Neurology University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora 80045 USA

We characterized a unique group of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder （NMOSD） who carded autoantibod- ies of aquaporin-4 （AQP4） and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein （MOG）. Among the 125 NMOSD patients, 10 （8.0%） were AQP4- and MOG-ab double positive, and 14 （11.2%） were MOG-ab single positive. The double-positive patients had a multiphase disease course with a high annual relapse rate （P=0.0431）, and severe residual disability （P〈0.0001）. Of the dou- ble-positive patients, 70% had MS-like brain lesions, more severe edematous, multifocal regions on spinal magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）, pronounced decreases of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and atrophy of optic nerves. In contrast, patients with only MOG-ab had a higher ratio of monophasic disease course and mild residual disability. Spinal cord MRI illustrated multifocal cord lesions with mild edema, and brain MRIs showed more lesions around lateral ventricles. NMOSD patients carrying both autoantibodies to AQP4 and MOG existed and exhibited combined features of prototypic NMO and relaps- ing-remitting form of MS, whereas NMOSD with antibodies to MOG only exhibited an ＂intermediate＂ phenotype between NMOSD and MS. Our study suggests that antibodies against MOG might be pathogenic in NMOSD patients and that determi- nation of anti-MOG antibodies maybe instructive for management of NMOSD patients.

关键词： MOG antibody AQP4 antibody neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder phenotype

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Are hyoliths Palaeozoic lophophorates?

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National Science Review 2020年第2期7卷 453-469页

作者： Fan liu Christian B Skovsted timothy P Topper Zhifei Zhang Degan Shu State Key laboratory of Continental Dynamics Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments Department of Geology Northwest University Department of Palaeobiology Swedish Museum of Natural History

The phylogenetic position of hyoliths has long been unsettled, with recent discoveries of a tentaculate feeding apparatus(‘lophophore’) and fleshy apical extensions from the shell(‘pedicle’) suggesting a lophophorate affinity. Here, we describe the first soft parts associated with the feeding apparatus of an orthothecid hyolith, Triplicatella opimus from the Chengjiang biota of South China. The tuft-like arrangement of the tentacles of T. opimus differs from that of hyolithids, suggesting they collected food directly from the substrate. A reassessment of the feeding organ in hyolithids indicates that it does not represent a lophophore and our analysis of the apical structures associated with some orthothecids show that these represent crushed portions of the shell and are not comparable to the brachiopod pedicle. The new information suggests that hyoliths are more likely to be basal members of the lophotrochozoans rather than lophophorates closely linked with the Phylum Brachiopoda.

关键词： orthothecid the Chengjiang lagerst¨atte Cambrian soft parts lophophore

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids as additives to preserve the Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein fluorescent activity

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Green Chemical Engineering 2021年第4期2卷 412-422页

作者： Nathalia V.Veríssimo Carolina F.Saponi timothy M.Ryan Tamar l.Greaves Jorge F.B.Pereira Department of Engineering of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú/Km 0114800-903AraraquaraSPBrazil School of Science College of ScienceEngineering and HealthRMIT University124 La Trobe StreetMelbourneVIC 3000Australia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sao Paulo University(USP)Av.Prof.Lineu Prestesno.580B1605508-000Cidade de UniversitariaSao PauloSPBrazil Australian Synchrotron 800 Blackburn RoadClaytonVIC 3168Australia Univ Coimbra CIEPQPFDepartment of Chemical EngineeringRua Sílvio LimaPolo II–Pinhal de Marrocos3030-790 CoimbraPortugal

Fluorescent Proteins(FP)can be applied as biomarkers and biosensors in the industrial and medical fields,but their large-scale use,especially for new industrial applications,is limited due to their low ***,the discovery of additives capable of preserving the activity of FP at room temperature and under stress conditions can help to expand and facilitate their commercial *** this goal,we evaluated the application of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-based([C_(n)mim]Cl)ionic liquids(Ils)as additives to preserve the activity of Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein(EGFP)at different storage times and under unfavorable ***[C_(n)mim]Cl solutions(at 0.100 mol l^(-1))were able to preserve EGFP fluorescence for longer than the phosphatesaline buffer(PBS)and NaCl solutions,increasing its fluorescence manifestation from 1 to 3 months.[C_(n)mim]Cl with shorter to medium cationic alkyl chains were the most effective in preserving EGFP fluorescence.[C_(n)mim]Cl also protected EGFP activity in the presence of the surfactant SDS,the acid guanidine hydrochloride,and H_(2)O_(2).Therefore,[C_(n)mim]Cl can be added to aqueous solutions to preserve EGFP fluorescence activity at room temperature for longer storage times and to reduce the negative impact of denaturing agents on ***,there is a massive potential for the application of Ils as additives to preserve FP in the long-term without refrigeration and under unfavorable conditions,and this is fundamental to enable expansion of FP in industrial and commercial applications.

关键词： Green Fluorescent Protein Protein stability Fluorescence Ionic liquids Preservatives

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Susceptible and Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>) Response to Glyphosate Using C<sup>14</sup>as a Tracer: Retention, Uptake, and Translocation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 2359-2370页

作者： timothy l. Grey Donn Shilling Crop and Soil Science Department University of Georgia Athens Georgia USA

The foliar retention, absorption, translocation, and diffusion of glyphosate in glyphosate resistant-(R) and susceptible (S)-Palmer amaranth populations from seed collected in Georgia in 2007 were examined. The R population of Palmer amaranth had an elevated copy number of the EPSPS gene conferring the mechanism of resistance. When applications of 14C-glyphosate to a single leaf followed entire plant treatment with glyphosate, the distribution percentages were similar for R and S for the above and below treated leaves when harvested at 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment (HAT). There were initially no differences between R and S at 1 HAT with an average of 8% absorption for both biotypes. However, data indicated that glyphosate absorption increased for R-Palmer amaranth reaching 41% within 6 HAT and was significantly different (P = 0.01) from the 28% absorbed by S-Palmer amaranth. Glyphosate resistant and susceptible Palmer amaranth averaged 44% 14C-glyphosate absorption by 24 HAT. There were no differences for 14C-glyphosate Bq/mg of plant tissue between R and S for the above the treated leaf and below the treated leaf portions of plants at 1, 6, 12, 24, or 48 HAT. However, root accumulation of 14C-glyphosate in plant tissue was significantly greater by 12 HAT for the roots of R (1.21 Bq/mg) than for S (0.51 Bq/mg). The treated leaf of the R-Palmer amaranth plants exhibited greater translocation of 14C-glyphosate in Bq/mg of tissue than the susceptible over time, indicating no detrimental effect or cost of fitness due to EPSPS gene amplification. Additionally, there were no differences in glyphosate retention in leaf discs assays between R and S biotypes. In spite of an average of 6.5 Bq efflux out of R and S leaf discs after 15 minute, only 0.4 Bq was retained after 150 minutes. Glyphosate was not retained over time in the leaf discs for R and S, and there were no biotype differences within bathing times. However, the rate of efflux (the slope of the curves

关键词： Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats Absorption Becquerel’s Glyphosate-Resistance Herbicide Resistance Translocation