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Early onset of a microcystin-producing cyanobacterial bloom in an agriculturally-influenced Great Lakes tributary

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第4期36卷 1112-1125页

作者： Robert Michael L.McKAY Taylor TUTTLE Laura A.REITZ George S.BULLERJAHN william R.CODY Adam J.McDOwELL timothy w.davis Department of Biological Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Aquatic Taxonomy Specialists Malinta OH 43535 USA City of Defiance Water Division Defiance OH 43512 USA NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Ann Arbor MI USA

In late May 2016, a cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom(cHAB) was detected in the Maumee River, the largest tributary to Lake Erie, the southernmost lake of the Laurentian Great Lakes system. Testing on 31 May identified Planktothrix agardhii as the dominant cyanobacterium with cell abundance exceeding 1.7×10~9 cells/L and total microcystins(MC) reaching 19 μg/L MC-LR equivalents, a level over 10-fold higher than the 2015 revised U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) national health advisory levels for drinking water exposure to adults. Low river discharge coincident with negligible precipitation through the latter half of May coincided with an 80% decline in river turbidity that likely favored bloom formation by a low-light adapted P. agardhii population. Also contributing to the c HAB were high initial nutrient loads and an increase of the river temperature from 13℃ to 26℃ over this same period. The bloom persisted through 5 June with microcystins exceeding 22 μg/L MC-LR equivalents at the bloom peak. By 6 June, the river had returned to its muddy character following a rain event and sampling on 7 June detected only low levels of toxin(water systems located near the bloom origin. The elevated toxin production associated with this early onset bloom was without precedent for the Maumee River and an unique attribute of the c HAB was the high proportion of potentially-toxic genotypes. whereas Planktothrix spp. is common in lotic environments, and has been previously detected in the Maumee, blooms are not commonly reported. This early onset, microcystin-producing c HAB provided a rare opportunity to glean insights into environmental factors that promote bloom development and dominance by Planktothrix in lotic environments.

关键词： cyanobacteria microcystin Planktothrix qPCR river

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Physical and chemical processes promoting dominance of the toxic cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第4期29卷 883-891页

作者： Michele A. BURFORD timothy w. davis Australian Rivers Institute Griffith University Nathan Qld. 4111 Australia

The freshwater cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii （woloszyflska） Seenayya and Subba Raju is a common species in lakes and reservoirs globally. In some areas of the world it can produce cytoand hepatotoxins （cylindrospermopsins, saxitoxins）, making blooms of this species a serious health concern for humans. In the last 10 15 years, there has been a considerable body of research conducted on the ecology, physiology and toxin production of this species and this paper reviews these studies with a focus on the cylindrospermopsin （CYN）-producing strains. C. raciborskii has low light requirements, close to neutral buoyancy, and a wide temperature tolerance, giving it the capacity to grow in many lentic waterbodies. It also has a flexible strategy with respect to nitrogen （N） utilisation; being able to switch between utilising fixed and atmospheric N as sources of N fluctuate. Additionally this species has a high phosphate （DIP） affinity and storage capacity. Like many cyanobacteria, it also has the capacity to use dissolved organic phosphorus （DOP）. Changes in nutrient concentrations, light levels and temperature have also been found to affect production of the toxin CYN by this species. However, optimal toxin production does not necessarily occur when growth rates are optimal. Additionally, different strains of C. raciborskii vary in their cell quota of CYN, making it difficult to predict toxin concentrations, based on C. raciborskii cell densities. In summary, the ecological flexibility of this organism means that controlling blooms of C. raciborskii is a difficult undertaking. However, improved understanding of factors promoting the species and toxin production by genetically capable strains will lead to improved predictive models of blooms.

关键词： cyanobacteria freshwater algal toxins nutrients light temperature

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Dog10K: an international sequencing effort to advance studies of canine domestication, phenotypes and health

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National Science Review 2019年第4期6卷 810-824页

作者： Elaine A.Ostrander Guo-Dong wang Greger Larson Bridgett M.von Holdt Brian w.davis Vidhya Jagannathan Christophe Hitte Robert K.wayne Ya-Ping Zhang National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network School of Archaeology University of Oxford Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University Institute of Genetics Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern IGDR CNRS University of Rennes Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos Angeles the Dog10K Consortium

Dogs are the most phenotypically diverse mammalian species, and they possess more known heritable disorders than any other non-human mammal. Efforts to catalog and characterize genetic variation across well-chosen populations of canines are necessary to advance our understanding of their evolutionary history and genetic architecture. To date, no organized effort has been undertaken to sequence the world's canid populations. The Dog10 K Consortium(http://***10 ***) is an international collaboration of researchers from across the globe who will generate 20× whole genomes from 10 000 canids in 5 *** effort will capture the genetic diversity that underlies the phenotypic and geographical variability of modern canids worldwide. Breeds, village dogs, niche populations and extended pedigrees are currently being sequenced, and de novo assemblies of multiple canids are being constructed. This unprecedented dataset will address the genetic underpinnings of domestication, breed formation, aging, behavior and morphological variation. More generally, this effort will advance our understanding of human and canine health.

关键词： genomics genome-wide association studies(GwAS) breed selection variation evolution

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Focal therapy for localized prostate cancer:is there a “middle ground” between active surveillance and definitive treatment?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第1期21卷 37-44页

作者： Cihan H Demirel Muammer Altok John w.davis Department of Urology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexas 77030USA.

In recent years,it has come a long way in the diagnosis,treatment,and follow-up of prostate *** this,it was argued that definitive treatments could cause overtreatment,particularly in the very low,low,and favorable risk *** alternative treatment and follow-up methods are being considered for this group of patients,active surveillance is seen as a good alternative for patients with very low and low-risk groups in this ***,it has become necessary to find other alternatives for patients in the favorable risk group or patients who cannot adopt active *** the light of technological developments,the concept of focal therapy was introduced with the intensification of research to treat only the lesioned area instead of treating the entire organ for prostate lesions though there are not many publications about many of them *** to the initial results,it was understood that the results could be good if the appropriate focal therapy technique was applied to the appropriate ***,focal therapies have begun to find their"middle ground"place between definitive therapies and active follow-up.

关键词： focal therapy multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging prostate biopsy prostate cancer prostatic neoplasms

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Nanophotonics enhaneed coverslip for phase imaging in biology

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第6期10卷 957-962页

作者： Lukas wesemann Jon Rickett Jingchao Song Jieqiong Lou Elizabeth Hinde timothy J.davis Ann Roberts School of Physics University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems School of PhysicsUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia

The ability to visualise transparent objects such as live cells is central to understanding biological *** we experime ntally demonstrate a novel nano structured coverslip that converts phase information to high-contrast intensity *** compact device enables real-time,all-optical gen eration of pseudo three-dime nsion al images of phase objects on *** show that by placing unstained human cancer cells on the device,the internal structure within the cells can be clearly *** research demonstrates the significant potential of nanophotonic devices for integration into compact imaging and medical diagnostic devices.

关键词： stained phase transparent

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提高输出电压的自耦变压器

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电子产品世界 1995年第7期 96-98页

作者： Dans w.davis,方 Maxim Integrated Products公司

利用小输入电压工作的升压直流-直流转换器,其最大击穿电压相应地只有5～6V。这就限制了这种器件可使用的最大输出电压。但是,只要加上一个自耦变压器,输出电压V_out就可增加一倍而不会超过该IC的击穿电压。

关键词：自耦变压器电力变压器输出电压单电池

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AM500型采煤机维修的计算机应用

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煤矿自动化 1993年第4期 53-55页

作者： w.davis 忻元恺安德逊长壁公司服务部

AM500型采煤机我国曾从英国引进,使用效果良好。后由太原矿山机器厂引进技术并批量生产,希望本文能对该设备的维修提供有用的信息。

关键词：采煤机维修计算机应用

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Targeting of elevated cell surface phosphatidylserine with saposin C-dioleoylphosphatidylserine nanodrug as individual or combination therapy for pancreatic cancer

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world Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第6期13卷 550-559页

作者： Harold w.davis Ahmet Kaynak Subrahmanya D Vallabhapurapu Xiaoyang Qi Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineBrain Tumor Center at UC Neuroscience InstituteCincinnatiOH 45267United States Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOH 45221United States

Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest of cancers with a five-year survival of roughly 8%.Current therapies are:surgery,radiation and *** is curative only if the cancer is caught very early,which is rare,and the latter two modalities are only marginally effective and have significant side *** have developed a nanosome comprised of the lysosomal protein,saposin C(SapC)and the acidic phospholipid,dioleoylphosphatidylserine(DOPS).In the acidic tumor microenvironment,this molecule,SapC-DOPS,targets the phosphatidylserine cancer-biomarker which is predominantly elevated on the surface of cancer ***,SapC-DOPS can selectively target pancreatic tumors and ***,SapC-DOPS has exhibited an impressive safety profile with only a few minor side effects in both preclinical experiments and in phase I clinical *** the dismal outcomes for pancreatic cancer there is an urgent need for better treatments and SapC-DOPS is a good candidate for addition to the oncologist’s toolbox.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Saposin C Dioleoylphosphatidylserine Phosphatidylserine-targeted therapy Chemotherapy Radiation

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Evolving technologies for growing,imaging and analyzing 3D root system architecture of crop plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第3期58卷 230-241页

作者： Miguel A.Pieros Brandon G.Larson Jon E.Shaff David J.Schneider Alexandre Xavier Falcao Lixing Yuan Randy T.Clark Eric J.Craft Tyler w.davis Pierre-Luc Pradier Nathanael M.Shaw Ithipong Assaranurak Susan R.Mc Couch Craig Sturrock Malcolm Bennett Leon V.Kochian USDA-ARS Robert Holley Center for Agriculture and Health538 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14580USA Department of Information Systems Institute of ComputingUniversity of CampinasAv.Albert Einstein1251CEP 13083-852CampinasSPBrazil Department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Centre for Plant Integrative Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLE12 5RDUK College of Science King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

A plant＇s ability to maintain or improve its yield under limiting conditions,such as nutrient de ficiency or drought,can be strongly in fluenced by root system architecture（RSA）,the three-dimensional distribution of the different root types in the soil. The ability to image,track and quantify these root system attributes in a dynamic fashion is a useful tool in assessing desirable genetic and physiological root traits. Recent advances in imaging technology and phenotyping software have resulted in substantive progress in describing and quantifying RSA. we have designed a hydroponic growth system which retains the three-dimensional RSA of the plant root system,while allowing for aeration,solution replenishment and the imposition of nutrient treatments,as well as high-quality imaging of the root system. The simplicity and flexibility of the system allows for modi fications tailored to the RSA of different crop species and improved throughput. This paper details the recent improvements and innovations in our root growth and imaging system which allows for greater image sensitivity（detection of fine roots and other root details）,higher ef ficiency,and a broad array of growing conditions for plants that more closely mimic those found under field conditions.

关键词： Abiotic stress digital root phenotyping mineral nutrition root system architecture

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The Quantum Consistency of the Ten-Dimensional Heterotic String Effective Action

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2011年第5期55卷 857-862页

作者： Simon davis Research Foundation of Southern California

The finiteness of superstring theory at each order in perturbation theory is considered with respect to the ten-dimensional effective action. The quantum consistency of the ten-dimensional superstring effective action is confirmed with an analysis of the perturbative expansion of the quartic sector. It is found to be compatible with the finiteness of reduced four-dimensional theory. Furthermore, implications for the validity of superstring perturbation theory at lower energies is considered.

关键词： effective action gauge potential renormalizability

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