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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 374-392页

作者： Xin Lei Daniël C.de Groot Marij J.P.Welters tom de Wit Ellen Schrama Hans van Eenennaam Saskia J.Santegoets timo Oosenbrug Annemarthe van der Veen Joris L.Vos Charlotte L.Zuur Noel F.C.C.de Miranda Heinz Jacobs Sjoerd H.van der Burg Jannie Borst Yanling Xiao Department of Immunology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Oncode Institute Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of tumor Biology and Immunology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Medical Oncology Oncode InstituteLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands IMMIOS B.V. OssThe Netherlands Division of Medical Oncology The Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Leiden University Medical Center LeidenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

CD4^(+)t cells can"help"or"license" conventional type 1 dendritic cells(cDC1s)to induce CD8^(+)cytotoxic t lymphocyte(CtL)anticancer responses,as proven in mouse *** recently identified cDC1s with a transcriptomic imprint of CD4^(+)t-cell help,specifically in t-cell-infiltrated human cancers,and these cells were associated with a good prognosis and response to PD-1-targeting ***,we delineate the mechanism of cDC1 licensing by CD4^(+)t cells in *** CD4^(+)t cells produce IFNβvia the StING pathway,which promotes MHC-I antigen(cross-)presentation by cDC1s and thereby improves their ability to induce CtL anticancer *** cooperation with CD40 ligand(L),IFNβalso optimizes the costimulatory and other functions of cDC1s required for CtL response ***-I-producing CD4^(+)t cells are present in diverse t-cell-infiltrated cancers and likely deliver“help”signals to CtLs locally,according to their transcriptomic profile and colocalization with“helped/licensed”cDCs and tumor-reactive CD8^(+)t *** agreement with this scenario,the presence of IFN-I-producing CD4^(+)t cells in the tME is associated with overall survival and the response to PD-1 checkpoint blockade in cancer patients.

关键词： CD4^(+)t-cell help cDC1 licensing IFN-I signaling CD40 costimulation (cross-)presentation CtL priming tumor control

At what carbon price forest cutting should stop

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第3期31卷 713-727页

作者： timo Pukkala University of Eastern Finland Yliopistokatu 780100 JoensuuFinland

t he carbon sink of boreal forests can be increased by paying forest landowners for carbon sequestration and taxing carbon releases. the aim of the study was to analyze the eff ect of carbon pricing on optimal forest management when forests are managed for maximal discounted benefi ts from timber production and carbon payments. A0.5% random sample of all private forest stands of Finland was used in the analyses(48,842 stands). Calculations were performed for a 100-year time horizon. It was assumed that the carbon balance(diff erence between sequestrated carbon and released carbon) in the forest(trees and soil) or the carbon balance of forestry(trees, soil and wood-based products)was subsidized(positive balance) or taxed(negative balance)by 0, 50, 100 or 150 € t-1, corresponding to CO2 prices of 0,13.6, 27.3 or 40.9 € t-1, respectively. the results showed that paying forest landowners 150 € t-1 of carbon sequestrated in forests would lead to the cessation of all cuttings everywhere in Finland for at least 100 years. In the northern part of the country, a carbon price of 100 € t-1 would be enough to make the no-cutting management economically optimal.A low carbon price had the highest relative impact(value ofincreased sequestration divided by the cost of carbon payments). the benefi t/cost ratio of carbon subsidies was higher in the northern part of boreal zone than in the southern parts. Subsidizing within-forest carbon sequestration by 50 € t-1 would increase the carbon sequestration of Finnish forestry by 50%, ranging from 36%(south Finland) to 116%(north Finland). A payment of 100 € t-1 or more would increase carbon sequestration by 70%, which is nearly the maximum possible increase that can be obtained by carbon subsidies.

关键词： Boreal forest Carbon balance Carbon sequestration Carbon subsidies Optimal forest management

A new perspective is needed for positive selection of germinal center B cells with higher-affinity B cell receptors

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 145-146页

作者： timo Gaber Frank Buttgereit Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany.

In a recent issue of Nature Immunology,Chen et *** differential expression signatures of metabolic programs within the germinal center(GC)compartment to distinguish GC B cells from different zones[1].Furthermore,they identified an important role of oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)in the process of positive selection of B cells with higher-affinity B cell receptors(BCRs)in *** are inducible secondary lymphoid microanatomical structures that provide niches for B cells to capture and present antigens in the light zone(LZ)and to undergo clonal expansion and BCR somatic hypermutation(SHM)in the dark zone(DZ)*** migration of activated GC B cells between the LZ and DZ is assumed to result in positive selection of clones with higher-affinity B cell antigen *** clones are characterized by accelerated cell division,suggesting a genomic program activated by BCR and CD40 signaling[2].

关键词： center positive signature

New insights into the fascinating world of glucocorticoids:the dexamethasone-miR-342-Rictor axis in regulatory t cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第3期18卷 520-522页

作者： Frank Buttgereit timo Gaber Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Charity University MedicineBerlinGermany

In a recent issue of Immunity,Kim et *** previously unknown effects of glucocorticoids on murine regulatory t(treg)cells,and this report added another very interesting perspective to the already very diverse body of knowledge about these important hormones and therapeutics compared to the body of knowledge about other clinically used drugs.1 treg cells are important regulators of the immune response in autoimmune and allergic inflammation.

关键词： drugs allergic

Feasibility of Pulse Combustion in Micro Gas turbines

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Journal of thermal Science 2012年第5期21卷 466-473页

作者： Juha Honkatukia Esa Saari timo Knuuttila Jaakko Larjola Jari Backman Lappeenranta University of technology P.O. Box 2053851 Lappeenranta Finland t-turbine Oy Rakentajainkuja 4 B02330 Espoo Finland

In gas turbines, a fast decrease of efficiency appears when the output decreases; the efficiency of a large gas tur-bine （20...30 MW） is in the order of 40 %, the efficiency of a 30 kW gas turbine with a recuperator is in the order of 25 %, but the efficiency of a very small gas turbine （2...6 kW） in the order of 4...6 % （or 8... 12 % with an op- timal recuperator）. this is mainly a result of the efficiency decrease in kinetic compressors, due to the Reynolds number effect. Losses in decelerating flow in a flow passage are sensitive to the Reynolds number effects. In con- trary to the compression, the efficiency of expansion in turbines is not so sensitive to the Reynolds number; very small turbines are made with rather good efficiency because the flow acceleration stabilizes the boundary layer. this study presents a system where the kinetic compressor of a gas turbine is replaced with a pulse combustor. the combustor is filled with a combustible gas mixture, ignited, and the generated high pressure gas is expanded in the turbine. the process is repeated frequently, thus producing a pulsating flow to the turbine; or almost a uni- form flow, if several parallel combustors are used and triggered a/ternately in a proper way. Almost all the com- pression work is made by the temperature increase from the combustion. this gas turbine type is investigated theoretically and its combustor also experimentally with the conclusion that in a 2 kW power size, the pulse flow gas turbine is not as attractive as expected due to the big size and weight of parallel combustors and due to the ef- ficiency being in the order of 8 % to 10 %. However, in special applications having a very low power demand, below 1000 W, this solution has better properties when compared to the conventional gas turbine and it could be worth of a more detailed investigation.

关键词： Gas turbine pulse combustion micro size low Reynolds number

A Kind of Lean Approach for Removing Wastes From Non-Manufacturing Process With Various Facilities

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2019年第1期6卷 307-315页

作者： Guangyu Xiong Xiuqin Shang Gang Xiong timo R.Nyberg IEEE the Silk Road Business School Sanya University the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management School of ScienceAalto University the State Key Laboratory for Management and Controlof Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Qingdao Academy of Intelligent Industries the Cloud Computing Center CAS the Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and technology Institute of AutomationCAS the School of Science at Aalto University

It is important to identify and remove the wastes not only from manufacturing process, but also from nonmanufacturing process. In the last several decades, significant research achievements and practice benefits have been achieved about removing wastes from manufacturing process. Since the1990 s, some researchers and lean practitioners have paid more attention to removing waste from non-manufacturing *** on the authors' research work and industrial practice, the paper introduces a kind of lean approach for removing waste from non-manufacturing process. In its case study, the order handling process in a value chain is described with respect to a factory and its downstream distribution centers(DCs). the paper proposes a lean approach solution for creating the improved order handling process, and analyze how great improvements in performance can be achieved. As a result, the significant achievement has created a win-win scenario for both the nonmanufacturing process in a factory and non-manufacturing facilities(like DCs) across the value chain. It demonstrates that improvements have been made by removing waste from the non-manufacturing process that takes place within a factory as well as with external participants through the whole value chain. Likewise, the proposed lean approach has helped the case companies to achieve greater levels of efficiency and more benefits. Finally, some conclusions are drawn.

关键词： Lean approach non-manufacturing process optimized order handling process removing wastes value chain win-win scenario

textural changes in metallurgical coke prepared with polyethylene

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第10期21卷 969-973页

作者： Stanislav S.Gornostayev Jyrki J.Heino tommi M.t.Kokkonen Hannu t.Makkonen Satu M.M.Huttunen timo M.J.Fabritius Laboratory of Process Metallurgy University of Oulu

the effect of high-density polyethylene （HDPE） on the textural features of experimental coke was investigated using polar- ized-light optical microscopy and wavelet-based image analysis. Metallurgical coke samples were prepared in a laboratory-scale furnace with 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% HDPE by mass, and one sample was prepared by 100% coal. the amounts and distribution of textures （isotropic, mosaic and banded） and por^s were obtained. the calculations reveal that the addition of HDPE results in a decrease of mosaic texture and an increase of isotropic texture. Ethylene formed from the decomposition of HDPE is considered as a probable reason for the texture modifications. the approach used in this study can be applied to indirect evaluation for the reactivity and strength of coke.

关键词： metallurgical coke texture image analysis polyethylene

Overexpression of HSP27 and HSP70 is associated with decreased survival among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第3期7卷 260-269页

作者： Henna K S?derstr?m Juha t Kauppi Niku Oksala timo Paavonen Leena Krogerus Jari R?s?nen tuomo Rantanen Department of General thoracic Surgery Helsinki University Central Hospital Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Tampere Department of Vascular Surgery Tampere University Hospital Department of Pathology Fimlab Laboratories and Department of Medicine and Life Sciences University of Tampere Department of Pathology Helsinki University Central Hospital Department of Surgery Kuopio University Hospital Department of Surgery Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Eastern Finland

BACKGROUND Overexpression of heat shock proteins(HSPs) is associated with several malignancies and contributes to the development, progression, and metastasis of cancer, in addition to the inhibition of cellular death. In recent years, there has been active research into using HSP inhibitors in several malignancies. Due to the poor prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC), it would be valuable to find new biomarkers for the development of cancer *** to evaluate the expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 and their effect on survival in *** Immunohistochemical analyses and evaluations of HSP27 and HSP70 expression were performed on all available samples from 93 patients diagnosed with EACbetween 1990 and 2007 at two university hospitals. Fifteen cases with Barrett's metaplasia and 5 control cases from the same patient population were included in the analysis. HSP expression was quantitatively assessed and classified as high or low. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression models adjusting for age and sex as well as tumor site, stage, and grade were used to evaluate the effect on *** tumor stage and surgical treatment were the main prognostic factors. High HSP27 expression in cancer cases was a strong negative predictive factor, with a mean survival of 23 mo compared to the 49 mo in cases with a low expression(P= 0.018). the results were similar for HSP70, with a poorer survival of 17 mo in cases with high HSP70 expression, in contrast to 40 mo(P = 0.006) in cases with a low expression. A Cox regression survival analysis was performed, adjusting for possible confounding factors, and higher HSP27 and HSP70 expressions remained an independent negative prognostic factor. the HSPs' correlation with survival was not affected by cancer treatments. When the analysis was adjusted for all factors, the odds ratios for HSP27 and HSP70 were 3.3(CI: 1.6–6.6, P =0.001) and 2.2(CI: 1.2–3.9, P = 0.02), *** HSP27 and HSP70 overexpression i

关键词： Esophageal adenocarcinoma Heat shock proteins Heat shock protein 27 Heat shock protein 70 Overexpression Survival

Instantaneous foveated preview for progressive Monte Carlo rendering

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Computational Visual Media 2018年第3期4卷 267-276页

作者： Matias K. Koskela Kalle V. Immonen timo t. Viitanen Pekka O. Jaaskelainen Joonas I. Multanen Jarmo H. takala tampere University of technology Tampere 33720Finland.

Progressive rendering, for example Monte Carlo rendering of 360° content for virtual reality headsets, is a time-consuming task. If the 3D artist notices an error while previewing the rendering, they must return to editing mode, make the required changes, and restart rendering. We propose the use of eye-tracking-based optimization to significantly speed up previewing of the artist＇s points of interest. the speed of the preview is further improved by sampling with a distribution that closely follows the experimentally measured visual acuity of the human eye, unlike the piecewise linear models used in previous work. In a comprehensive user study, the perceived eonvergence of our proposed method was 10 times faster than that of a conventional preview, and often appeared to be instantaneous. In addition, the participants rated the method to have only marginally more artifacts in areas where it had to start rendering from scratch, compared to conventional rendering methods that had already generated image content in those areas.

关键词： foveated rendering progressive renderingMonte Carlo rendering preview 360°content