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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第1期10卷 135-148页

作者： Yifeng ZHANG Chunfang YANG bright OBUOBI Martin Kobby GRANT College of Management Shandong Vocational University of Foreign AffairsRushan 264504China College of Economics and Management Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

A comparative multi-case analysis of professional farmer entrepreneurship cases in China was performed by applying the structural hole *** results confirmed four views.(1)Choosing the modern agriculture project entrepreneurship is rational for professional farmers,who return from urban,to reduce the interference from non-market *** success of this project stems from its ability to successfully occupy the structural hole of the market trading network.(2)In economically developed areas,professional farmers start their businesses and reduce transaction costs with factors by occupying‘self-benefit’or‘mutual-benefit’structural holes in market networks.(3)In traditional agricultural areas,for reducing factor transaction costs,professional farmers occupy the organizational-governance structural hole of rural social relationship networks and the mutual-benefit structural hole of market networks to start their businesses.(4)The embedding order of these two structural holes will change depending on the differences in the local resource *** article proposes some suggestions to encourage professional farmers to develop featured agricultural projects,build a close benefit-linked mechanism with smallholders through the provision of socialized services,and participate in the governance of rural communities.

关键词： Benefit-linked mechanism featured agriculture organizational integration professional farmers rural cooperative structural hole theory

A Special MJO Event with a Double Kelvin Wave Structure

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第2期31卷 295-308页

作者： Lili ZHU tim LI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science &Technology International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa

The second Madden–Julian Oscillation（MJO）event during the field campaign of the Dynamics of the MJO/Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011（DYNAMO/CINDY2011）exhibi ted an unusual double rainband *** a wavenumber-frequency spectral filtering method,we unveil that this double rainband structure arises primarily from the Kelvin wave *** zonal phase speed of the double rainbands is about 7.9 degree per day in the equatorial Indian Ocean,being in the range of convectively coupled Kelvin wave phase *** convection and circulation anomalies associated with the Kelvin wave component are characterized by two anomalous convective cells,with low-level westerly（easterly）and high（low）pressure anomalies to the west（east）of the convective centers,and opposite wind and pressure anomalies in the upper *** a zonal wind–pressure phase relationship is consistent with the equatorial free-wave *** the freeatmospheric circulation was dominated by the first baroclinic mode vertical structure,moisture and vertical motion in the boundary layer led the *** convection and circulation structures derived based on the conventional MJO filter show a different *** example,the phase speed is slower（about 5.9 degree per day）,and there were no double convective *** suggests that MJO generally involves multi-scales and it is incomplete to extract its signals by using the conventional filtering technique.

关键词： Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO) double Kelvin wave structure Wheeler–Kiladis space–time spectra evolution characteristics

Heterogeneous particle structure formation during post-crystallization of spray-dried powder

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Particuology 2016年第4期14卷 72-79页

作者： Nima Yazdanpanah tim A.G. Langrish School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney 2006. NSW. Australia

The formation of heterogeneous particle structure in skim milk powder has been investigated in a post- crystallization facility using experimental and a mathematical model. Various processing conditions were used to produce these heterogeneous structures. The experimental process parameters were used as initial and boundary conditions for the model. The modelled data agreed well with the experimental data. The experimental and modelling results show that the powder processed at high water activity （aw = 0.7） with low initial moisture content （X0 = 0.01 kg/kg） developed a crystalline surface layer while the core of the particle remained amorphous. This structure is referred to as an egg-shell structure. The powder that was processed at low water activity （αw = 0.1） with high initial moisture content （X0 = 0.2 kg/kg） developed a crystalline core while the surface of the particle remained amorphous. This structure is referred to as an egg-yolk structure. Understanding the dependency of particle microstructures on the processing conditions could be useful when developing procedures to control the drying equipment because the particle microstructure affects the physicochemical properties of the powder and potential applications and behaviour of the powder.

关键词： Heterogeneous structure Microstructure modification Post-crystallization Phase change Complex domain matrix

A Parametric Genetic Algorithm Approach to Assess Complementary Options of Large Scale Wind-solar Coupling

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第2期4卷 260-272页

作者： tim Mareda Ludovic Gaudard Franco Romerio Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva School of Economics and Management(GSEM) University of Geneva

The transitional path towards a highly renewable power system based on wind and solar energy sources is investigated considering their intermittent and spatially distributed characteristics. Using an extensive weather-driven simulation of hourly power mismatches between generation and load, we explore the interplay between geographical resource complementarity and energy storage strategies. Solar and wind resources are considered at variable spatial scales across Europe and related to the Swiss load curve, which serve as a typical demand side reference. The optimal spatial distribution of renewable units is further assessed through a parameterized optimization method based on a genetic algorithm. It allows us to explore systematically the effective potential of combined integration strategies depending on the sizing of the system, with a focus on how overall performance is affected by the definition of network boundaries. Upper bounds on integration schemes are provided considering both renewable penetration and needed reserve power capacity. The quantitative trade-off between grid extension, storage and optimal wind-solar mix is *** paper also brings insights on how optimal geographical distribution of renewable units evolves as a function of renewable penetration and grid extent.

关键词： Energy optimization grid integration genetic algorithm optimal spatial distribution power system modeling

CFD modeling of dynamic airflow and particle transmission in an aircraft lavatory

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第8期16卷 1375-1390页

作者： Pin Li Wei Liu Tengfei(tim)Zhang Tianjin Laboratory of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina School of Civil Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalianChina Division of Sustainable Buildings Department of Civil and Architectural EngineeringKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyBrinellvägen 23Stockholm10044Sweden

Lavatories are frequently used facilities,especially on long-haul *** a vacuum toilet in a lavatory can induce strong airflow,produce aerosols in the toilet bowl,and resuspend deposited particles from the ***,the exact particle transport routes and the fates of particle after toilet flushing are unclear so *** investigation used computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to model the transient airflow and pollutant transport after a toilet flushing process in a lavatory of a commercial *** time-varying pressure profile measured in a laboratory was assigned to the drainage valve as boundary *** aerosols generated inside the toilet bowl during flushing and the particles resuspended from the lavatory floor were used as particle *** tracking of airborne particles in the lavatory was *** addition,ammonia gas was used to examine odor *** multi-physics software program COMSOL 5.4 was employed for numerical solution after being *** results revealed that more than 70%of the generated particles in the toilet bowl are drained into sewage.A few particles may leak out of the toilet bowl and remain suspended in the air for more than five minutes when the toilet lid is open during *** the toilet with a closed lid can effectively reduce the particle leakage and the spread of odor gas,but it leads to greater deposition of particles on both the lid and *** is a slight inhalation exposure risk in the initial three minutes after flushing with a closed lid.

关键词： lavatory vacuum toilet flushing particle odor gas CFD

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大师镜头里的鸟类世界蒂姆·拉曼对话奚志农

人与自然 2024年第4期 76-93页

作者：蒂姆·拉曼奚志农不详

鸟类栖息在地球上的每个大陆和主要岛屿,而对鸟类学家和摄影师蒂姆·拉曼来说,记录这些壮观的生物是他毕生的追求。在野生动物摄影这一艺术殿堂中,拉曼如同神秘的探险家,深入地球的未知之域,他的镜头不仅捕捉到了大自然的精彩瞬间。

关键词：拉曼精彩瞬间艺术殿堂鸟类镜头摄影师探险家地球

Identification of Characteristic Values in Impulse-Based Processes Using Small Specimens

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第3期5卷 310-323页

作者： Tobias Valentino tim Radel BIAS-Bremer Institut Fur Angewandte Strahltechnik GmbH Klagenfurter StraBe 528359 BremenGermany

Suitable approaches are needed for rapid and cost-efficient materials ***-throughput experimentation reduces the identification time of suitable material *** approach is to use small specimen geometries to save additional production ***,research is continuously being conducted on a new hardness test based on laser-induced shock *** far,characteristic values from the induced indentations have been extracted,which correlate with hardness and tensile ***,the indentation result varies in dependence of the specimen size and *** condition hinders the correlation between characteristic values and material ***,the goal was to induce similar indentation results to minimum specimen ***,different mounting materials and methods were *** created indentations were compared with those induced in large *** mounting parameters were derived from the ***,small specimens can be used for material characterization by considering these mounting parameters.

关键词： Mounting Stiffness Coefficient of restitution Forming efficiency Measuring instrument TEA-CO_(2)laser

Serum outperforms plasma in small extracellular vesicle microRNA biomarker studies of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2570-2583页

作者： Karen Chiam George C Mayne Tingting Wang David I Watson Tanya S Irvine tim.bright Lorelle T Smith Imogen A Ball Joanne M Bowen Dorothy M Keefe Sarah K Thompson Damian J Hussey Discipline of Surgery College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5042Australia Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Cancer Program College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia Discipline of Surgery The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Faculty of Health Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs(miRNAs)are potential biomarkers for many ***,they can originate from non-disease specific sources,such as blood cells,and compromise the investigations for miRNA *** small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)have been suggested to provide a purer source of circulating miRNAs for biomarkers discovery,the most suitable blood sample for sEV miRNA biomarker studies has not been *** To compare the mi RNA profiles between matched serum and plasma s EV preparations to determine their suitability for biomarker *** Matched serum and plasma samples were obtained from 10 healthy controls and10 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma.s EV isolates were prepared from serum and plasma using Exo Quick TM and quantified using Nano *** was extracted from s EV preparations with the mi RNeasy Serum/Plasma kit and profiled using the Taqman Openarray q *** overall mi RNA content and theexpression of specific mi RNAs of reported vesicular and non-vesicular origins were compared between serum and plasma s EV *** diagnostic performance of a previously identified multi-mi RNA biomarker panel for esophageal adenocarcinoma was also *** The overall mi RNA content was higher in plasma s EV preparations(480 mi RNAs)and contained 97.5%of the mi RNAs found in the serum s EV preparations(412 mi RNAs).The expression of commonly expressed mi RNAs was highly correlated(Spearman’s R=0.87,P<0.0001)between the plasma and serum s EV preparations,but was consistently higher in the plasma s EV *** blood-cell mi RNAs(hsa-mi R-223-3 p,hsa-mi R-451 a,mi R-19 b-3 p,hsa-mi R-17-5 p,hsa-mi R-30 b-5 p,hsa-mi R-106 a-5 p,hsa-mi R-150-5 p and hsa-mi R-92 a-3 p)were expressed at 2.7 to 9.6 fold higher levels in the plasma s EV preparations compared to serum s EV preparations(P<0.05).In plasma s EV preparations,the percentage of protein-associated mi RNAs expressed at relatively higher levels(Ct

关键词： Biomarkers Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Circulating microRNA MicroRNAs Plasma Serum Blood cells Real-time polymerase chain reaction Adenocarcinoma of esophagus

Antimicrobial usage and resistance in beef production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 249-270页

作者： Andrew Cameron tim A.McAllister Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada LethbridgeABCanada

Antimicrobials are critical to contemporary high-intensity beef production. Many different antimicrobials are approved for beef cattle, and are used judiciously for animal welfare, and controversially, to promote growth and feed efficiency. Antimicrobial administration provides a powerful selective pressure that acts on the microbial community, selecting for resistance gene determinants and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria resident in the bovine flora. The bovine microbiota includes many harmless bacteria, but also opportunistic pathogens that may acquire and propagate resistance genes within the microbial community via horizontal gene transfer. Antimicrobial-resistant bovine pathogens can also complicate the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in beef feedlots,threatening the efficiency of the beef production system. Likewise, the transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes to bovine-associated human pathogens is a potential public health concern. This review outlines current antimicrobial use practices pertaining to beef production, and explores the frequency of antimicrobial resistance in major bovine pathogens. The effect of antimicrobials on the composition of the bovine microbiota is examined, as are the effects on the beef production resistome. Antimicrobial resistance is further explored within the context of the wider beef production continuum, with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance genes in the food chain, and risk to the human population.

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial usage Beef production Bovine pathogens Bovine microbiota Cattle Enteropathogens Fecal bacteria Resistome

Metal-organic framework coated titanium dioxide nanorod array p-n heterojunction photoanode for solar water-splitting

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Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 643-650页

作者： Hui Yang Joeseph bright Sujan Kasani Peng Zheng Terence Musho Banglin Chen Ling Huang Nianqiang Wu Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-6106 USA C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-6045 USA Department of Pharmaceutical Science West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-9530 USA Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506 USA Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249-1604 USA Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China

This paper presents a p-n heterojunction photoanode based on a p-type porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) thin film and an n-type rutile titanium dioxide nanorod array for photoelectrochemical water splitting. The TiO2@MOF core-shell n anorod array is formed by coati ng an 8 nm thick MOF layer on a vertically aligned TiO2 nanorod array scaffold via a layer-by-layer self-assembly method. This vertically aligned core-shell nanorod array enables a long optical path length but a short path length for extraction of photogenerated minority charge carriers (holes) from TiO2 to the electrolyte. A p-n junction is formed between TiO2 and MOF, which improves the extraction of photogenerated electr ons and holes out of the TiO2 nano rods. In additi on, the MOF coati ng sign ificantly improves the efficie ncy of charge in jecti on at the photoanode/electrolyte interface. Introduction of Co(lll) into the MOF layer further enhances the charge extraction in the photoanode and improves the charge injection efficiency. As a result, the photoelectrochemical cell with the TiO2@Co-MOF nanorod array photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 2.93 mA/cm^2 at 1.23 V (vs. RHE), which is ~ 2.7 times the photocurrent achieved with bare T1O2 nanorod array under irradiation of an unfiltered 300 W Xe lamp with an output power density of 100 mW/cm^2.

关键词： metal-organic framework water-splitting p-n junction photoanode titanium dioxide