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A Special MJO Event with a Double Kelvin Wave Structure

Journal of Meteorological Research 2017年第2期31卷 295-308页

作者： Lili ZHU tim LI Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological DisastersNanjing University of Information Science &Technology International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Hawaii at Manoa

The second Madden–Julian Oscillation（MJO）event during the field campaign of the Dynamics of the MJO/Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in the Year 2011（DYNAMO/CINDY2011）exhibi ted an unusual double rainband *** a wavenumber-frequency spectral filtering method,we unveil that this double rainband structure arises primarily from the Kelvin wave *** zonal phase speed of the double rainbands is about 7.9 degree per day in the equatorial Indian Ocean,being in the range of convectively coupled Kelvin wave phase *** convection and circulation anomalies associated with the Kelvin wave component are characterized by two anomalous convective cells,with low-level westerly（easterly）and high（low）pressure anomalies to the west（east）of the convective centers,and opposite wind and pressure anomalies in the upper *** a zonal wind–pressure phase relationship is consistent with the equatorial free-wave *** the freeatmospheric circulation was dominated by the first baroclinic mode vertical structure,moisture and vertical motion in the boundary layer led the *** convection and circulation structures derived based on the conventional MJO filter show a different *** example,the phase speed is slower（about 5.9 degree per day）,and there were no double convective *** suggests that MJO generally involves multi-scales and it is incomplete to extract its signals by using the conventional filtering technique.

关键词： Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO) double Kelvin wave structure Wheeler–Kiladis space–time spectra evolution characteristics

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Efficient and interpretable graph network representation for angle-dependent properties applied to optical spectroscopy

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1434-1442页

作者： tim Hsu Tuan Anh Pham Nathan Keilbart Stephen Weitzner James Chapman Penghao Xiao S.Roger Qiu Xiao Chen Brandon C.Wood Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Materials Science Division Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCAUSA Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNSCanada

Graph neural networks are attractive for learning properties of atomic structures thanks to their intuitive graph encoding of atoms and ***,conventional encoding does not include angular information,which is critical for describing atomic arrangements in disordered *** this work,we extend the recently proposed ALIGNN(Atomistic Line Graph Neural Network)encoding,which incorporates bond angles,to also include dihedral angles(ALIGNN-d).This simple extension leads to a memory-efficient graph representation that captures the complete geometry of atomic ***-d is applied to predict the infrared optical response of dynamically disordered Cu(II)aqua complexes,leveraging the intrinsic interpretability to elucidate the relative contributions of individual structural *** and dihedral angles are found to be critical contributors to the fine structure of the absorption response,with distortions that represent transitions between more common geometries exhibiting the strongest absorption *** directions for further development of ALIGNN-d are discussed.

关键词： representation disordered absorption

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Heterogeneous particle structure formation during post-crystallization of spray-dried powder

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Particuology 2016年第4期14卷 72-79页

作者： Nima Yazdanpanah tim A.G. Langrish School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney 2006. NSW. Australia

The formation of heterogeneous particle structure in skim milk powder has been investigated in a post- crystallization facility using experimental and a mathematical model. Various processing conditions were used to produce these heterogeneous structures. The experimental process parameters were used as initial and boundary conditions for the model. The modelled data agreed well with the experimental data. The experimental and modelling results show that the powder processed at high water activity （aw = 0.7） with low initial moisture content （X0 = 0.01 kg/kg） developed a crystalline surface layer while the core of the particle remained amorphous. This structure is referred to as an egg-shell structure. The powder that was processed at low water activity （αw = 0.1） with high initial moisture content （X0 = 0.2 kg/kg） developed a crystalline core while the surface of the particle remained amorphous. This structure is referred to as an egg-yolk structure. Understanding the dependency of particle microstructures on the processing conditions could be useful when developing procedures to control the drying equipment because the particle microstructure affects the physicochemical properties of the powder and potential applications and behaviour of the powder.

关键词： Heterogeneous structure Microstructure modification Post-crystallization Phase change Complex domain matrix

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A Parametric Genetic Algorithm Approach to Assess Complementary Options of Large Scale Wind-solar Coupling

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2017年第2期4卷 260-272页

作者： tim Mareda Ludovic Gaudard Franco Romerio Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Geneva Geneva School of Economics and Management(GSEM) University of Geneva

The transitional path towards a highly renewable power system based on wind and solar energy sources is investigated considering their intermittent and spatially distributed characteristics. Using an extensive weather-driven simulation of hourly power mismatches between generation and load, we explore the interplay between geographical resource complementarity and energy storage strategies. Solar and wind resources are considered at variable spatial scales across Europe and related to the Swiss load curve, which serve as a typical demand side reference. The optimal spatial distribution of renewable units is further assessed through a parameterized optimization method based on a genetic algorithm. It allows us to explore systematically the effective potential of combined integration strategies depending on the sizing of the system, with a focus on how overall performance is affected by the definition of network boundaries. Upper bounds on integration schemes are provided considering both renewable penetration and needed reserve power capacity. The quantitative trade-off between grid extension, storage and optimal wind-solar mix is *** paper also brings insights on how optimal geographical distribution of renewable units evolves as a function of renewable penetration and grid extent.

关键词： Energy optimization grid integration genetic algorithm optimal spatial distribution power system modeling

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气候系统预测:基础创新和集成应用

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大气科学学报 2024年第2期47卷 161-172页

作者：王会军戴永久杨崧李天明罗京佳尹志聪段明铿周放张艺佳南京信息工程大学大气科学学院/气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心江苏南京210044 中山大学大气科学学院广东珠海519000 夏威夷大学马诺阿分校大气科学系夏威夷檀香山96822

随着全球变暖,极端天气气候事件增强,天气气候灾害造成的损失也愈发严重。当前气候预测的准确性远远不能满足社会需要,气候系统预测理论和方法面临着众多挑战性问题。为提档气候预测科学水平和准确率,由南京信息工程大学和中山大学承担... 详细信息

随着全球变暖,极端天气气候事件增强,天气气候灾害造成的损失也愈发严重。当前气候预测的准确性远远不能满足社会需要,气候系统预测理论和方法面临着众多挑战性问题。为提档气候预测科学水平和准确率,由南京信息工程大学和中山大学承担的“气候系统预测研究中心”获得国家自然科学基金基础科学中心项目支持(2021年1月—2025年12月)。在该项目执行的前三年,项目团队开展了大量深入系统的研究,并取得了若干重要进展:1)揭示了气候系统的若干关键变化、驱动力和机制;2)剖析了海-陆-冰-气相互作用对我国重大极端气候事件的影响;3)在气候系统数值模式研发和预测系统集成方面取得重要进展;4)发展了延伸期-S2S-年代际的气候系统预测理论和方法。本文对这些进展作了扼要介绍,并针对气候与环境变化归因、古今气候环境研究融合、跨时空气候系统变异和极端气候、人工智能与气候科学、年代际预测和风险应对体系等关键科学问题做了展望。

关键词：气候系统气候预测极端气候海-陆-冰-气相互作用全球变化

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Serum outperforms plasma in small extracellular vesicle microRNA biomarker studies of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2570-2583页

作者： Karen Chiam George C Mayne Tingting Wang David I Watson Tanya S Irvine tim.bright Lorelle T Smith Imogen A Ball Joanne M Bowen Dorothy M Keefe Sarah K Thompson Damian J Hussey Discipline of Surgery College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5042Australia Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Cancer Program College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia Discipline of Surgery The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Faculty of Health Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs(miRNAs)are potential biomarkers for many ***,they can originate from non-disease specific sources,such as blood cells,and compromise the investigations for miRNA *** small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)have been suggested to provide a purer source of circulating miRNAs for biomarkers discovery,the most suitable blood sample for sEV miRNA biomarker studies has not been *** To compare the mi RNA profiles between matched serum and plasma s EV preparations to determine their suitability for biomarker *** Matched serum and plasma samples were obtained from 10 healthy controls and10 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma.s EV isolates were prepared from serum and plasma using Exo Quick TM and quantified using Nano *** was extracted from s EV preparations with the mi RNeasy Serum/Plasma kit and profiled using the Taqman Openarray q *** overall mi RNA content and theexpression of specific mi RNAs of reported vesicular and non-vesicular origins were compared between serum and plasma s EV *** diagnostic performance of a previously identified multi-mi RNA biomarker panel for esophageal adenocarcinoma was also *** The overall mi RNA content was higher in plasma s EV preparations(480 mi RNAs)and contained 97.5%of the mi RNAs found in the serum s EV preparations(412 mi RNAs).The expression of commonly expressed mi RNAs was highly correlated(Spearman’s R=0.87,P<0.0001)between the plasma and serum s EV preparations,but was consistently higher in the plasma s EV *** blood-cell mi RNAs(hsa-mi R-223-3 p,hsa-mi R-451 a,mi R-19 b-3 p,hsa-mi R-17-5 p,hsa-mi R-30 b-5 p,hsa-mi R-106 a-5 p,hsa-mi R-150-5 p and hsa-mi R-92 a-3 p)were expressed at 2.7 to 9.6 fold higher levels in the plasma s EV preparations compared to serum s EV preparations(P<0.05).In plasma s EV preparations,the percentage of protein-associated mi RNAs expressed at relatively higher levels(Ct

关键词： Biomarkers Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Circulating microRNA MicroRNAs Plasma Serum Blood cells Real-time polymerase chain reaction Adenocarcinoma of esophagus

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International reflections on NAPCRG:celebrating 50 years of learning and connecting

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2022年第3期10卷 1-3页

作者： tim olde Hartman David N Blane Elizabeth Sturgiss Pauline Boeckxstaens Liesbeth Hunik Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center Department of Primary and Community CareRadboud UniversiteitNijmegenThe Netherlands General Practice and Primary Care School of Health and WellbeingUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK School of Primary and Allied Health Care Monash UniversityFrankstonVictoriaAustralia Ghent University GentBelgium

Health systems vary from country to country,but primary care researchers share a common goal to improve the care of patients and communities around the world through high-quality research and academic *** American Primary Care Research Group(NAPCRG)is an academic community that brings together researchers,educators,clinicians,patients and consumers to highlight the role that primary care plays in strong and effective healthcare systems.

关键词： patients Primary connecting

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Antimicrobial usage and resistance in beef production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第2期8卷 249-270页

作者： Andrew Cameron tim A.McAllister Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada LethbridgeABCanada

Antimicrobials are critical to contemporary high-intensity beef production. Many different antimicrobials are approved for beef cattle, and are used judiciously for animal welfare, and controversially, to promote growth and feed efficiency. Antimicrobial administration provides a powerful selective pressure that acts on the microbial community, selecting for resistance gene determinants and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria resident in the bovine flora. The bovine microbiota includes many harmless bacteria, but also opportunistic pathogens that may acquire and propagate resistance genes within the microbial community via horizontal gene transfer. Antimicrobial-resistant bovine pathogens can also complicate the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in beef feedlots,threatening the efficiency of the beef production system. Likewise, the transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes to bovine-associated human pathogens is a potential public health concern. This review outlines current antimicrobial use practices pertaining to beef production, and explores the frequency of antimicrobial resistance in major bovine pathogens. The effect of antimicrobials on the composition of the bovine microbiota is examined, as are the effects on the beef production resistome. Antimicrobial resistance is further explored within the context of the wider beef production continuum, with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance genes in the food chain, and risk to the human population.

关键词： Antibiotics Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobial usage Beef production Bovine pathogens Bovine microbiota Cattle Enteropathogens Fecal bacteria Resistome

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Metal-organic framework coated titanium dioxide nanorod array p-n heterojunction photoanode for solar water-splitting

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Nano Research 2019年第3期12卷 643-650页

作者： Hui Yang Joeseph bright Sujan Kasani Peng Zheng Terence Musho Banglin Chen Ling Huang Nianqiang Wu Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-6106 USA C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-6045 USA Department of Pharmaceutical Science West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506-9530 USA Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV 26506 USA Department of Chemistry University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle San Antonio TX 78249-1604 USA Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China

This paper presents a p-n heterojunction photoanode based on a p-type porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) thin film and an n-type rutile titanium dioxide nanorod array for photoelectrochemical water splitting. The TiO2@MOF core-shell n anorod array is formed by coati ng an 8 nm thick MOF layer on a vertically aligned TiO2 nanorod array scaffold via a layer-by-layer self-assembly method. This vertically aligned core-shell nanorod array enables a long optical path length but a short path length for extraction of photogenerated minority charge carriers (holes) from TiO2 to the electrolyte. A p-n junction is formed between TiO2 and MOF, which improves the extraction of photogenerated electr ons and holes out of the TiO2 nano rods. In additi on, the MOF coati ng sign ificantly improves the efficie ncy of charge in jecti on at the photoanode/electrolyte interface. Introduction of Co(lll) into the MOF layer further enhances the charge extraction in the photoanode and improves the charge injection efficiency. As a result, the photoelectrochemical cell with the TiO2@Co-MOF nanorod array photoanode exhibits a photocurrent density of 2.93 mA/cm^2 at 1.23 V (vs. RHE), which is ~ 2.7 times the photocurrent achieved with bare T1O2 nanorod array under irradiation of an unfiltered 300 W Xe lamp with an output power density of 100 mW/cm^2.

关键词： metal-organic framework water-splitting p-n junction photoanode titanium dioxide

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A new method to determine the synergistic effects of area ratio and microstructure on the galvanic corrosion of LAS A508/309 L/308 L SS dissimilar metals weld

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第19期78卷 38-50页

作者： bright O.Okonkwo Hongliang Ming Jianqiu Wang En-Hou Han Ehsan Rahimi Ali Davoodi Saman Hosseinpour CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhad ***Iran Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture University of Udine33100 UdineItaly John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Institute of Particle Technology(LFC) Friedrich-Alexander-Universitdt-Erlangen-Numberg(FAU)91058 ErlangenGermany

The synergistic effects of area ratio and microstructure on the galvanic corrosion of A508/309 L/308 L dissimilar metals weld(DMW)are studied by a multi-analytical *** was demonstrated that decreasing the anode/cathode surface area ratio obviously enhances the corrosion rate of A508,both locally and *** analyses of the AFM results enabled quantitative comparison of the corrosion behaviour of the different surface *** was revealed that in the galvanic interaction of the DMW,the grain refined region corrodes most,followed by the partial grain refined region and base metal matrix of the A508,*** electrochemical localization index(LI)estimation method and AFM analysis both confirmed the presence of a mixed(localized and uniform)corrosion phenomenon occurring on the surface of the A508 anode metal in the galvanic interaction of the dissimilar ***,the degree of synergism equation was utilized to describe the synergistic effects of anode/cathode area ratio and the microstructure of the samples on the galvanic corrosion of LAS A508/309 L/308 L SS DMW.

关键词： Low alloy steel Stainless steel SEM AFM Galvanic corrosion Inclusion

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