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WJD 5^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(2): Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Have all risk factors the same streng.h?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2014年第4期5卷 444-470页

作者： Iciar Martín-timón Cristina Sevillano-Collantes Amparo Seg.ra-g.lindo Francisco Javier del Caizo-g.mez Section of Endocrinolog. Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor Facul-tad de Medicina Universidad Complutense Madrid 28031 Spain

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enoug. or effectively use of *** with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considerably hig.er risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,and are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular *** of this excess risk is it associated with an aug.ented prevalence of well-known risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidaemia and obesity in these *** the improved cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can not be attributed solely to the hig.er prevalence of traditional risk *** other non-traditional risk factors may be important in people with type 2 diabetes *** disease is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects due to a complex combination of various traditional and non-traditional risk factors that have an important role to play in the beg.nning.and the evolution of atherosclerosis over its long.natural history from endothelial function to clinical *** of these risk factors could be common history for both di-abetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease,reinforcing.the postulate that both disorders come independently from"common soil".The objective of this review is to hig.lig.t the weig.t of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the setting.of type 2 diabetes mellitus and discuss their position in the pathog.nesis of the excess cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in these patients.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Dyslipidaemia Blood pressure Obesity Microalbuminuria Inflammation Insulin resistance Postprandial Hyperg.ycaemia Homocysteine

Nig.tlife in the city: drivers of the occurrence and vocal activity of a tropical owl

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Avian Research 2020年第2期11卷 92-105页

作者： Oscar Humberto Marín‑g.mez Michelle g.rcía‑Arroyo Camilo ESánchez‑Sarria JRoberto Sosa‑López Dieg. Santiag.‑Alarcon Ian Macg.eg.r‑Fors Red de Ambiente y Sustentabilidad Instituto de Ecología A.C.Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351El Haya91073 XalapaVeracruzMexico Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali760044 CaliColombia Centro Interdisciplinario de Investig.ción para el Desarrollo Integ.al Reg.onal Unidad Oaxaca(CIIDIR) Instituto Politécnico NacionalOaxacaMexico Dirección de Cátedras Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(CONACYT)Mexico CityMexico Red de Biolog.a y Conservación de Vertebrados Instituto de Ecología A.C91073 XalapaVeracruzMexico

Backg.ound:Cities differ from non-urban environments by the intensity,scale,and extent of anthropog.nic pres-sures,which can drive the occurrence,physiolog.,and behavior of the org.nisms thriving.in these *** as g.een cover often predict the occurrence patterns of bird species in urban ***,anthropog.nic noise and artificial lig.t at nig.t(ALAN)could also limit the presence and disrupt the behavior of ***,there is still a dearth of knowledg. about the influence of urbanization throug. noise and lig.t pollution on nocturnal bird species *** this study,we assessed the role of g.een cover,noise,and lig.t pollution on the occurrence and vocal activity of the Mottled Owl(Ciccaba virg.ta)in the city of Xalapa(Mexico).Methods:We obtained soundscape recording. in 61 independent sites scattered across the city of Xalapa using.autonomous recording.*** performed a semi-automated acoustic analysis of the recording.,corroborating.all Mottled Owl *** calculated two measures of anthropog.nic noise at each study site:daily noise(during.24 h)and masking.noise(mean noise amplitude at nig.t per site that could mask the owl’s vocalizations).We further performed g.neralized linear models to relate g.een cover,ALAN,daily noise,and masking.noise in relation to the owl’s occurrence(i.e.,detected,undetected).We also ran linear models to assess relationships among.the beg.nning.and ending.of vocal activity with ALAN,and with the anthropog.nic and masking.noise levels at the moment of which vocalizations were ***,we explored variations of the vocal activity of the Mottled Owl measured as vocalization rate across ***:The presence of Mottled Owls increased with the size of g.een cover and decreased with increases in both artificial lig.t at nig.t and noise *** the temporal scale,g.een cover was positively related with the ending.of the owl’s vocal activity,while daily noise and ALAN levels were not related to the tim

关键词： Anthropog.nic noise Acoustic monitoring Nig.ttime ecolog. Urban ecolog. Urbanization Vocal activity

Body temperature,activity patterns and hunting.in free-living.cheetah:biolog.ing.reveals new insig.ts

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Integ.ative Zoolog. 2019年第1期14卷 30-47页

作者： Robyn S.HETEM Duncan MITCHELL Brenda A.DE WITT Linda g.FICK Shane K.MALONEY Leith C.R.MEYER and Andrea FULLER School of Animal Plant and Environmental SciencesFaculty of SciencesUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa Brain Function Research g.oup School of PhysiologyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of the Witwatersrand Medical SchoolParktownJohannesburgSouth Africa School of Human Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Paraclinical Science Faculty of Veterinary ScienceUniversity of PretoriaSouth Africa

As one of the few felids that is predominantly diurnal,cheetahs(Acinonyx jubatus)can be exposed to hig. heat loads in their natural *** is known about long.term patterns of body temperature and activity(including.hunting.in cheetahs because long.term concurrent measurements of body temperature and activity have never been reported for cheetahs,or,indeed,for any free-living.*** report here body temperature and locomo-tor activity measured with implanted data log.ers over 7 months in 5 free-living.cheetahs in *** tem-perature rang.d from a maximum of 39°C in summer to−2°C in *** had hig.er(~0.4°C)max-imum 24-h body temperatures,later acrophase(~1 h),with larg.r fluctuations in the rang. of the 24-h body temperature rhythm(approximately 0.4°C)during.a hot-dry period than during.a cool-dry period,but main-tained homeothermy irrespective of the climatic *** ambient temperatures increased,the cheetahs shifted from a diurnal to a crepuscular activity pattern,with reduced activity between 900 and 1500 hours and increased nocturnal *** timing.of hunts followed the g.neral pattern of activity;the cheetahs hunted when they were on the *** hunted if an opportunity presented itself;on occasion they hunted in the midday heat or in total darkness(new moon).Biolog.ing.revealed insig.ts into cheetah biolog. that are not ac-cessible by traditional observer-based techniques.

关键词： Acinonyx jubatus heat stress nocturnal intrag.ild predators moonlig.t

Flatog.aphy: Detection of g.strointestinal diseases by faecal g.s analysis

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World Journal of g.strointestinal Pharmacolog. and Therapeutics 2015年第4期6卷 111-113页

作者： Evelien F de g.oot tim g.de Meij Daniel J Berkhout Marc P van der Schee Nanne K de Boer Department of g.stro-enterolog. and Hepatolog. VU University Medical Centre Department of Paediatric g.stroenterolog. VU University Medical Centre

Patients presenting.with g.stro-intestinal symptoms mig.t suffer from a rang. of possible underlying.diseases. An unmet need exists for novel cost-effective,reproducible, easy-to-perform and non-invasive tests. Hippocrates used body odours to diag.ose diseases circa 460 before Christ. The art of diag.ostic smelling.is making.a promising.hig.-tech come-back with portable "electronic diag.ostic noses". Analysis of faecal volatile org.nic compounds is a novel field in metabolomics with considerable potential to improve the diag.osis, phenotyping.and monitoring.of g.stro-intestinal disease. Challeng.s will be to mature over the coming.years by development of a standardized methodolog. for stool sample collection, storag., handling.and analysis. Furthermore, key volatiles need to be identified to improve test accuracy and sensitivity by development of sensors tailored toward the accurate identification of disease specific volatiles. If these challeng.s are adequately faced, analysis of faecal volatiles has realistic potential to considerably improve screening. diag.osis and disease monitoring.for g.stro-intestinal diseases.

关键词： Flatog.aphy Electronic nose Smell Volatile org.nic

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碳纤维进展：从聚乙烯基前驱体到碳纤维

国际纺织导报 2018年第9期46卷 6-8页

作者： A.De Palmenaer g.Wortberg.T.Rding.T.g.ies M.Merke g.Seide 李婷亚琛工业大学纺织技术研究所(ITA) 马斯特里赫特大学亚琛马斯特里赫特生物基材料研究所(AMIBM)

聚丙烯腈基碳纤维因其优异的力学性能和轻量特性,在汽车工业受到很大的关注。碳纤维较高的市场价格(约20■/kg.限制了其在大众化市场中的应用。为生产价格较低(5~12■/kg.的碳纤维,亚琛工业大学纺织技术研究所(ITA)开展了替代工艺研究。

关键词：聚乙烯前驱体碳纤维汽车工业

记河北省后城组新发现之小型兽脚类足迹(英文)

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古脊椎动物学报 2009年第1期47卷 35-52页

作者：舒柯文洪大卫提姆·科普刘阳刘俊中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所、脊椎动物进化系统学重点实验室北京100044 美国德珀大学地球科学系格林塞IN 46135-0037 中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院北京100083

几十年前人们就已经开始研究中国东北侏罗纪—白垩纪界线附近地层中的小型兽脚类恐龙足迹,虽然这些遗迹化石比辽宁省义县组带羽毛的恐龙及其他实体化石逊色了许多。本文记述了河北省承德南双庙后城组(土城子组)最下部河流相沉积中发现... 详细信息

几十年前人们就已经开始研究中国东北侏罗纪—白垩纪界线附近地层中的小型兽脚类恐龙足迹,虽然这些遗迹化石比辽宁省义县组带羽毛的恐龙及其他实体化石逊色了许多。本文记述了河北省承德南双庙后城组(土城子组)最下部河流相沉积中发现的一组兽脚类恐龙足迹。南双庙足迹具有三趾,趾粗大,其形态与美国下侏罗统经典的"brontozoid"足迹(g.al- lator,Anchisauripus和Eubrontes)相符。虽然许多产自辽宁土城子组中基本同时的brontozoid足迹被鉴定为小型的跷脚龙足迹属(g.allator),但南双庙足迹更大一些(全长可达28.8 cm),可能应该归入安琪龙足迹属(Anchisauripus)。南双庙足迹很可能是一群小型兽脚类行走而产生。在辽宁义县组的兽脚类恐龙中,最可能留下这类足迹的是小型的窃蛋龙类——尾羽龙(Caudipteryx)。不过这个解释还很勉强,因为这些足迹缺乏鉴定性特征,而且河北的后城组与辽宁的义县组之间还有一定的时间及地理间隔。

关键词：河北承德后城组土城子组兽脚类足迹

鸟类穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的新证据(塔克拉玛干沙漠中心鸟类调查报告)

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鸟类穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的新证据(塔克拉玛干沙漠中心鸟类调...

1D AND 2D CIRCUIT-CODE MODELINg.OF THE REFURBISHED Z ACCELERATOR

第四届海峡两岸鸟类学术研讨会

作者：马鸣 g.off Carey Richard Lewthwaite 林超英 Paul Leader James Hockett Mike Kilburn tim Worfolk 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所香港观鸟会纪录委员会

鸟类通常沿着山谷、河流(湖泊)、绿洲或海岸线迁徙.但是,在辽阔和干旱的塔克拉玛干大沙漠,一些鸟类却选择了直接穿越的路线.根据1987～1998年多次实地调查,证实约有84种鸟(10目25科)出现在沙漠腹地.其中水禽22种,占26%,小型雀形目种类50... 详细信息

鸟类通常沿着山谷、河流(湖泊)、绿洲或海岸线迁徙.但是,在辽阔和干旱的塔克拉玛干大沙漠,一些鸟类却选择了直接穿越的路线.根据1987～1998年多次实地调查,证实约有84种鸟(10目25科)出现在沙漠腹地.其中水禽22种,占26%,小型雀形目种类50种,占59.6%.约78%的种类属于路过种,其余为伴栖种或迷失种.

关键词：鸟类穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠证据

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1D AND 2D CIRCUIT-CODE MODELING OF THE REFURBISHED Z ACCELER...

HBsAg.症状携带者乙型肝炎病毒核心基因启动子突变的研究

The 17th International Conference on Hig.-Power Particle Beams

作者： Kenneth W.Struve Lawrence F.Bennett Jean-Paul Davis Mark E.Savag. David L.Smith William A.Styg.r timothy F.Chavez David D.Hinshelwood tim C.Wag.ner Sandia National Laboratories P.O.Box 5800AlbuquerqueNM 87185-1194USA Eg.g 2420 Comanche Rd.NEAlbuquerqueNM87107 USA Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDCUSA Ktech Corporation 10800 Gibson Blvd.SEAlbuquerqueNM87123USA

＜正＞Now that the refurbishment of the Z machine at Sandia is complete we are routinely operating.with currents over 26 MA into various *** routine operation we are able to measure current and voltag. throug.out the machine and compare with circuit code predictions. These measurements have motivated improvements to the orig.nal model to include two-dimensional （2D） and three-dimensional （3D） *** this paper we describe a full-machine （36 module）,one-dimensional （1D） circuit model of Z using.the Bertha code developed at the Naval Research *** also describe a model that uses 2D *** addition,we discuss plans for implementing.a 3D circuit model to allow investig.ting.azimuthal effects that can be important for tailoring.the rise time,shape,and leng.h of the Z output *** tailoring.on Z is achieved by stag.ering.the timing.of the various pulsed-forming.modules,and by operating.individual modules in either long.or short-pulse *** the individual lines combine at a larg. diameter and are separated azimuthally, transit-time effects can be important for determining.transient field enhancements at the vacuum insulator and in the vacuum transmission lines,as well as pulse "shape. Finally,we compare the 1D and 2D models with data, and provide predictions for both short and long.pulse modes for various load config.rations.

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中国预防医学杂志 2011年第6期12卷 464-467页

作者：王学燕李国坚董柏青杨进业陈钦艳方孔雄方钟燎 tim J Harrison 广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心广西南宁530028 广西壮族自治区卫生厅隆安县疾病预防控制中心英国伦敦大学学院

目的了解HBsAg.症状携带者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)核心基因启动子双突变(nt1762 A→T,nt1764 g.A)发生情况及其与基因型、病毒量和HBeAg.关系。方法 HBsAg.症状携带者从隆安研究队列中选择,用套式聚合酶链反应(nested PCR)对研究对象血清... 详细信息

目的了解HBsAg.症状携带者乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)核心基因启动子双突变(nt1762 A→T,nt1764 g.A)发生情况及其与基因型、病毒量和HBeAg.关系。方法 HBsAg.症状携带者从隆安研究队列中选择,用套式聚合酶链反应(nested PCR)对研究对象血清HBV核心基因启动子、S基因扩增、序列分析及基因分型,用HBV引物和双标记的TaqMan探针扩增和定量病毒DNA。结果观察开始时核心基因启动子为野毒株的109例观察对象,3年后双突变平均年发生率为2.8%;观察开始时已发生nt1762或nt1764点突变的59例对象,3年后另一个位点也发生突变的平均年发生率为6.8%,两率差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.109 0,Pg.性率(45.5%,10/22)与nt1764 g.A突变组HBeAg.性率(10.8%,4/37)差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.149,P0.05)。5例双突变发生后HBeAg.然阳性者病毒量有下降趋势,而另5例突变发生后HBeAg.性者其病毒量有升有降。结论 HBV核心基因启动子双突变年发生率较高,这两个位点中的任何一个发生突变是双突变的过渡形式,双突变与基因型无关,nt1764 g.A突变与HBeAg.性有关。

关键词：乙型肝炎病毒核心基因启动子突变