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Like a G6-nal:transcriptional control of G-protein coupled receptors during oligodendroglial development

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2001-2002页

作者： tim Aberle Michael Wegner* Institut für Biochemie Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany

Multilayered control of myelination:Quick,saltatory conduction of action potentials along nerve fibers requires the electrical insulation of axons by myelinating *** the central nervous system,this role is taken up by *** are marked by the expression of the lineage determinants Sox10 and Olig2 and arise from oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)during embryonal *** the majority of OPCs differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes when nearby axonal segments require myelination,a small subpopulation of OPCs persist as a progenitor ***,the timing of myelination and maintenance of the OPC pool both need to be precisely *** transcription factors either positively or negatively affect oligodendrocyte differentiation and maintenance of the OPC pool as components of a complex gene regulatory network(reviewed in Sock and Wegner,2021).Network activity is additionally influenced by extracellular signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the oligodendroglial cell surface and activate intracellular signaling *** the receptors are linked to the network is poorly understood so far,but pivotal to understanding the overall regulation of central nervous system(CNS)myelination in response to environmental *** insights were recently gained for Gpr37(Schmidt et al.,2024),a G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)with known relevance in differentiating oligodendrocytes(Yang et al,2016).

关键词： gained insulation conduction

Connections Between Induction Generator Effect and Open-loop Modal Proximity to Cause Sub-synchronous Oscillations in Series-compensated Power System

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第3期10卷 963-973页

作者： Wenjuan Du Yang Wang H.F.Wang Tao Zhao tim Littler College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina School of Electrical Engineering the Queen’s University of BelfastBelfastUK IEEE

The induction generator effect(IGE)and the openloop modal proximity(OLMP)are two different reasons why subsynchronous oscillations(SSOs)in a series-compensated power system(SCPS)may *** IGE attributes the growing SSOs to negative resistance,while the OLMP explains the SSO mechanism from the standpoint of modal *** this paper,we investigate the connections between the IGE and the OLMP through equivalent RLC circuit and open-loop modal *** investigation is conducted for two types of seriescompensated power systems where either a synchronous generator or a DFIG is connected at the sending *** investigation reveals the conditions,in which the IGE and the OLMP may jointly cause the growing SSOs,i.e.,both the IGE and the OLMP can explain why the growing SSOs ***,the investigation indicates that the IGE and the OLMP may be totally irrelevant and lead to growing SSOs *** implies that it is possible that in a SCPS,the growing SSOs are only due to the IGE,and the OLMP is non-existent,and vice ***,when the growing SSOs occurs in a SCPS,examination based on both the IGE and the OLMP should be carefully conducted in order to find if the oscillatory instability is due to the IGE,or the OLMP,or both of them.

关键词： Induction generator effect open-loop modal proximity series compensation sub-synchronous oscillations

From Historical Landscapes to the Contemporary City: Interview with Professor tim Bunnell

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全球城市研究（中英文） 2024年第2期5卷 136-148页

作者： tim Bunnell Chong Xu Asia Research Institute National University of Singapore Geography at National University of Singapore History at Soochow University History at Soochow University

*** Xu:It is my great honour to have this opportunity to interview *** were trained as a geographer at the University of Nottingham in the *** you talk to us about why you have chosen urban studies as your main resear... 详细信息

关键词： interview Chong opportunity

Serum outperforms plasma in small extracellular vesicle microRNA biomarker studies of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第20期26卷 2570-2583页

作者： Karen Chiam George C Mayne Tingting Wang David I Watson Tanya S Irvine tim bright Lorelle T Smith Imogen A Ball Joanne M Bowen Dorothy M Keefe Sarah K Thompson Damian J Hussey Discipline of Surgery College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5042Australia Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute Cancer Program College of Medicine and Public HealthFlinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5042Australia Discipline of Surgery The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Adelaide Medical School The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Faculty of Health Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs(miRNAs)are potential biomarkers for many ***,they can originate from non-disease specific sources,such as blood cells,and compromise the investigations for miRNA *** small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)have been suggested to provide a purer source of circulating miRNAs for biomarkers discovery,the most suitable blood sample for sEV miRNA biomarker studies has not been *** To compare the mi RNA profiles between matched serum and plasma s EV preparations to determine their suitability for biomarker *** Matched serum and plasma samples were obtained from 10 healthy controls and10 patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma.s EV isolates were prepared from serum and plasma using Exo Quick TM and quantified using Nano *** was extracted from s EV preparations with the mi RNeasy Serum/Plasma kit and profiled using the Taqman Openarray q *** overall mi RNA content and theexpression of specific mi RNAs of reported vesicular and non-vesicular origins were compared between serum and plasma s EV *** diagnostic performance of a previously identified multi-mi RNA biomarker panel for esophageal adenocarcinoma was also *** The overall mi RNA content was higher in plasma s EV preparations(480 mi RNAs)and contained 97.5%of the mi RNAs found in the serum s EV preparations(412 mi RNAs).The expression of commonly expressed mi RNAs was highly correlated(Spearman’s R=0.87,P<0.0001)between the plasma and serum s EV preparations,but was consistently higher in the plasma s EV *** blood-cell mi RNAs(hsa-mi R-223-3 p,hsa-mi R-451 a,mi R-19 b-3 p,hsa-mi R-17-5 p,hsa-mi R-30 b-5 p,hsa-mi R-106 a-5 p,hsa-mi R-150-5 p and hsa-mi R-92 a-3 p)were expressed at 2.7 to 9.6 fold higher levels in the plasma s EV preparations compared to serum s EV preparations(P<0.05).In plasma s EV preparations,the percentage of protein-associated mi RNAs expressed at relatively higher levels(Ct

关键词： Biomarkers Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Circulating microRNA MicroRNAs Plasma Serum Blood cells Real-time polymerase chain reaction Adenocarcinoma of esophagus

Spatiotemporal mapping of(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine areas:Implications of economic and political realities in China

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第1期3卷 91-102页

作者： Heling Li Liang Tang tim T.Werner Zhengmeng Hou Fan Meng Jingjing Li College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengduChina Institute of Subsurface Energy Systems Clausthal University of TechnologyClausthal ZellerfeldGermany School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesFaculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia

The spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple *** far,very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic ***(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific role in supporting national development and providing an ideal research subject for monitoring their *** this study,remote sensing and mining‐related GIS data were used to identify and analyze 1233(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine area polygons in China,which covered approximately 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–Ti–Fe mine,a copper–nickel mine,a chromite mine,an asbestos mine,and a diamond *** was found that(1)the areal expansion of mines is significantly related to the mine types,perimeter,topography,and population density.(2)The mine area variation also reflects market and policy *** temporal expansion of the mine area from 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped pattern(with the turning point occurring in 2014),closely related to iron overcapacity and tightened mining policies.(3)The complexity(D)of the mine area may reflect mine design and excavation *** be specific,lower D indicates early‐stage or artisanal/small‐scale mining,whereas higher D represents large‐scale *** study demonstrates that the detailed mapping of mine land can serve as an indicator to implement miningrelated market and policy ***(ultra‐)mafic mines area data set can be accessed at https://***/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.

关键词： complexity mine area mining and socioeconomic interaction spatiotemporal distribution (ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine

A framework for dynamic modelling of railway track switches considering the switch blades,actuators and control systems

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第2期32卷 162-176页

作者： Saikat Dutta tim Harrison Christopher Ward Roger Dixon Phil Winship Institute of Thermofluids School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Network Rail Milton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK

The main contribution of this paper is the development and demonstration of a novel methodology that can be followed to develop a simulation twin of a railway track switch system to test the functionality in a digital *** is important because,globally,railway track switches are used to allow trains to change routes;they are a key part of all railway ***,because track switches are single points of failure and safety-critical,their inability to operate correctly can cause significant delays and concomitant *** order to better understand the dynamic behaviour of switches during operation,this paper has developed a full simulation twin of a complete track switch *** approach fuses finite element for the rail bending and motion,with physics-based models of the electromechanical actuator system and the control ***,it provides researchers and engineers the opportunity to explore and understand the design space around the dynamic operation of new switches and switch machines before they are *** is useful for looking at the modification or monitoring of existing switches,and it becomes even more important when new switch concepts are being considered and *** simulation is capable of running in real time or faster meaning designs can be iterated and checked *** paper describes the modelling approach,demonstrates the methodology by developing the system model for a novel“REPOINT”switch system,and evaluates the system level performance against the dynamic performance requirements for the *** the context of that case study,it is found that the proposed new actuation system as designed can meet(and exceed)the system performance requirements,and that the fault tolerance built into the actuation ensures continued operation after a single actuator failure.

关键词： Railway track switch Mathematical modelling Redundant actuation Finite element analysis

3D electromagnetic modelling for high-temperature superconducting dynamo flux pumps using T-A formulation

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High Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 367-379页

作者： Luning Hao Fangliang Dong Jintao Hu Qi Wang Haigening Wei Ismail Patel Adil Shah Yuyang Wu tim Coombs Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Plasma Science and Fusion Center Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

A high-temperature superconducting(HTS)dynamo flux pump can inject DC currents into closed-loop HTS magnets without *** enables the realisation of current-lead-free or even through-wall charging systems for high-field applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance/magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)magnets,fusion reactors and *** have proposed many simulation models to understand the working principle of HTS dynamos,few of which are in 3D because of converging ***,the influences of many key 3D parameters in the HTS dynamo are scarcely *** authors propose an efficient 3D modelling method of the HTS dynamo based on the T-A *** rotating magnets are modelled by a ring-shaped permanent magnet with space-time-variant remanent flux density to avoid moving ***,together with the T-A formulation,makes the 3D model efficient and *** accuracy of the model is verified by the experimental instantaneous and time-integrated dynamic *** this model,the authors present systematic case studies to thoroughly explore the influences of the key parameters of a dynamo flux pump on the dynamic voltage and *** proposed modelling method and results could significantly benefit the design and optimisation of HTS dynamos for high-field magnets.

关键词： formulation magnets pump

Insights from an academic endeavor into central nervous system drug discovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1717-1718页

作者： Lieve van Veggel An M.Voets tim Vanmierlo Rudy Schreiber BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute Faculty of Medicine and Life SciencesHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology Division of Translational NeuroscienceEuropean Graduate School of NeuroscienceSchool for Mental Health and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Section of Psychopharmacology Neuropsychology and PsychopharmacologyFaculty of Psychology and NeuroscienceMaastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands University MS Center(UMSC) Hasselt-PeltBelgium

Historically,"big pharma"did most central nervous system drug discovery R&D ***,in modern times their"management reductionism"resulted in disappointing pipelines and pharma resided to(late)development,regulatory approval,and marketing(Thong,2015).This had significant consequences for financing and executing research,resulting in a larger role for funding by governments and patient-organizations and a shift of research to academia(Mazzucato,2013).

关键词： academic approval consequences

Basic regulatory science behind drug substance and drug product specifications of monoclonal antibodies and other protein therapeutics

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第6期14卷 785-804页

作者： Patanachai K.Limpikirati Sorrayut Mongkoltipparat Thinnaphat Denchaipradit Nathathai Siwasophonpong Wudthipong Pornnopparat Parawan Ramanandana Phumrapee Pianpaktr Songsak Tongchusak Maoxin tim Tian Trairak Pisitkun Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesChulalongkorn UniversityPathumwanBangkok10330Thailand Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology(PST)Graduate Program Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesChulalongkorn UniversityPathumwanBangkok10330Thailand Center of Excellence in Systems Biology(CUSB) Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityPathumwanBangkok10330Thailand Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesHuachiew Chalermprakiet UniversityBang PhliSamut Prakan10540Thailand Division of Research Affairs Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityPathumwanBangkok10330Thailand

In this review,we focus on providing basics and examples for each component of the protein therapeutic specifications to interested pharmacists and biopharmaceutical scientists with a goal to strengthen understanding in regulatory science and *** specifications comprise a list of important quality attributes for testing,references to use for test procedures,and appropriate acceptance criteria for the tests,and they are set up to ensure that when a drug product is administered to a patient,its intended therapeutic benefits and safety can be rendered *** of drug substance or drug product to the specifications is achieved by testing an article according to the listed tests and analytical methods and obtaining test results that meet the acceptance *** attributes are chosen to be tested based on their quality risk,and consideration should be given to the merit of the analytical methods which are associated with the acceptance criteria of the *** criteria are set forth primarily based on efficacy and safety profiles,with an increasing attention noted for patient-centric *** in this work are related guidelines that support the biopharmaceutical specification setting,how to set the acceptance criteria,and examples of the quality attributes and the analytical methods from 60 articles and 23 pharmacopeial *** are also explored on process analytical technologies and other orthogonal tools which are on-trend in biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control.

关键词： Biopharmaceutical analysis Biopharmaceutical quality control Biopharmaceutical specifications Monoclonal antibodies Protein therapeutics Regulatory science