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New insights into carbon-based and MXene anodes for Na and K-ion storage: A review

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 660-691,I0016页

作者： Zhensheng Hong Hajar Maleki tim ludwig Yichao Zhen Michael Wilhelm Damin Lee Kwang-Ho Kim Sanjay Mathur Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials College of Physics and EnergyFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350117FujianChina Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of CologneGreinstr.650939 CologneGermany Fujian Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced High-Field Superconducting Materials and Engineering Fuzhou 350117FujianChina Global Frontiers of Hybrid Interfacial Materials Pusan National UniversitySouth Korea

Na-ion batteries and K-ion batteries are promising alternatives to vastly used lithium-ion batteries mainly due to the larger natural abundance of sodium and potassium resources. Carbon-based and MXene materials have received increasing attention due to their unique layered structure to accommodate the larger sodium and potassium ions. It’s proposed that ionic size disparity (K^(+): 1.38 Å;Na^(+): 0.97 Å;Li^(+): 0.76 Å) leads to sluggish intercalation and extraction kinetics in larger alkali metal ions (AMIs). Nevertheless, the electrochemical inactivity of sodium intercalation in graphite suggests that different chemical properties of AMs and their interactions with carbon host and electrolytes is crucial for interfacial instability and irreversible capacity loss. Structural modifications by expanding interlayer spacing and defect engineering enable reduced diffusion barriers and enhanced insertion of sodium or potassium, but it blurs the electrochemical performance between battery and capacitor. This review provides insight into 2D carbon materials and their architectures for Na and K-ion batteries through an in-depth analysis of structure–property interdependence and different electrochemical mechanisms supported by both experimental and theoretical data to discuss the promises and challenges of post-lithium batteries. Finally, the perspectives and potential directions regarding material design concepts for 2D carbon-based nanomaterials and MXene phases for metal-ion storage are proposed.

关键词： Na-ion batteries K-ion batteries Anode Carbon materials Structure design

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Proposal and clinical validation of a perioperative algorithm enhancing antimicrobial stewardship in substitution urethroplasty

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第4期11卷 604-610页

作者： Phillip Marks Benedikt Kranzbühler Luis A.Kluth Christian P.Meyer Clemens M.Rosenbaum tim A.ludwig Liucheng Ding Lennart Kühnke Frederik König Roland Dahlem Margit Fisch Malte W.Vetterlein the European Association of Urology Young Academic Urologists Department of Urology University Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfHamburgGermany Department of Urology University Hospital ZürichZürichSwitzerland Department of Urology University Hospital Frankfurt am MainFrankfurt am MainGermany Department of Urology Ruhr-University BochumCampus OWLHerfordGermany Department of Urology Asklepios Hospital BarmbekHamburgGermany Department of Urology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina 不详

Objective:To evaluate the impact of a standardized antibiotic stewardship protocol on three subsequent endpoints in patients undergoing ***:Men undergoing bulbar substitution urethroplasty between January 2009 and December 2016 were stratified by urine culture (UCx) at the time of surgery (sterile vs. non-sterile) and were subjected to a standardized algorithm for urinalysis and antimicrobial therapy. We performed quantitative and qualitative exploration of UCx results and the microbial spectrum. The ability of the algorithm to improve antibiotic stewardship was tested by three endpoints: (a) immediate (UCx 2 days postoperatively), (b) short-term (21-day infectious complications), and (c) long-term (retreatment-free survival [RFS]). Statistical analyses included bivariate comparisons. The Kaplan–Meier estimators were used to compare RFS between the groups. The multivariable Cox regression was used to evaluate the independent effect of UCx status at the time of surgery on ***:Of 374 men, 235 (63%) had a sterile and 139 (37%) a non-sterile culture at the time of surgery. The proportion of sterile cultures at the time of surgery (63%) was significantly improved to 82% 2 days postoperatively (ptimicrobial treatment, and reducing infectious events and adverse effects of a positive UCx on long-term stricture recurrence.

关键词： Antibiotic prophylaxis Oral mucosa Urethroplasty Urethral stricture

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Systematic Cross-biospecimen Evaluation of DNA Extraction Kits for Long-and Short-read Multi-metagenomic Sequencing Studies

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第2期20卷 405-417页

作者： Jacqueline Rehner Georges Pierre Schmartz Laura Groeger Jan Dastbaz Nicole ludwig Matthias Hannig Stefan Rupf Berthold Seitz Elias Flockerzi tim Berger Matthias Christian Reichert Marcin Krawczyk Eckart Meese Christian Herr Robert Bals Soren L.Becker Andreas Keller Rolf Muller The IMAGINE Consortium Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Clinical Bioinformatics Saarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Department of Human Genetics Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland D-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Clinic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive DentistrySaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Medicine Ⅱ Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Internal Medicine V–Pulmonology AllergologyIntensive Care MedicineSaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany

High-quality DNA extraction is a crucial step in metagenomic *** by different isolation kits impairs the comparison across datasets.A trending topic is,however,the analysis of multiple metagenomes from the same patients to draw a holistic picture of microbiota associated with *** thus collected bile,stool,saliva,plaque,sputum,and conjunctival swab samples and performed DNA extraction with three commercial *** each combination of the specimen type and DNA extraction kit,20-gigabase(Gb)metagenomic data were generated using short-read *** profiles of the specimen types showed close proximity to each other,we observed notable differences in the alpha diversity and composition of the microbiota depending on the DNA extraction *** kit outperformed all selected kits on every *** reached consistently good results using the Qiagen QiAamp DNA Microbiome *** on the specimen,our data indicate that over 10 Gb of sequencing data are required to achieve sufficient resolution,but DNA-based identification is superior to identification by mass ***,longread nanopore sequencing confirmed the results(correlation coefficient>0.98).Our results thus suggest using a strategy with only one kit for studies aiming for a direct comparison of multiple microbiotas from the same patients.

关键词： Whole-genome analysis Comparative genomics Short-read sequencing Long-read sequencing DNA extraction Metagenomics

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Coherent interaction of atoms with a beam of light confined in a light cage

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第7期10卷 1247-1256页

作者： Flavie Davidson-Marquis Julian Gargiulo Esteban Gómez-López Bumjoon Jang tim Kroh Chris Müller Mario Ziegler Stefan A.Maier Harald Kübler Markus A.Schmidt Oliver Benson Department of Physics and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin12489 BerlinGermany Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems Nanoinstitute MunichFaculty of PhysicsLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München80539 MunichGermany Department of Fiber Photonics Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology07745 JenaGermany Competence Center for Micro-and Nanotechnologies Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena07745 JenaGermany Department of Physics Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Physikalisches Institut and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5770569 StuttgartGermany Otto Schott Institute of Material Research 07743 JenaGermany

Controlling coherent interaction between optical fields and quantum systems in scalable,integrated platforms is essential for quantum ***,warm alkali-vapour cells integrated with on-chip photonic devices represent an attractive system,in particular for delay or storage of a single-photon quantum ***-core fibres or planar waveguides are widely used to confine light over long distances enhancing light-matter interaction in atomic-vapour ***,they suffer from inefficient filling times,enhanced dephasing for atoms near the surfaces,and limited light-matter *** report here on the observation of modified electromagnetically induced transparency for a non-diffractive beam of light in an on-chip,laterally-accessible hollow-core light *** layer deposition of an alumina nanofilm onto the light-cage structure was utilised to precisely tune the high-transmission spectral region of the light-cage mode to the operation wavelength of the atomic transition,while additionally protecting the polymer against the corrosive alkali *** experiments show strong,coherent light-matter coupling over lengths substantially exceeding the Rayleigh ***,the stable non-degrading performance and extreme versatility of the light cage provide an excellent basis for a manifold of quantum-storage and quantumnonlinear applications,highlighting it as a compelling candidate for all-on-chip,integrable,low-cost,vapour-based photon delay.

关键词： vapour interaction quantum

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Therapeutic targeting of epidermal growth factor receptor in human cancer: successes and limitations

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2011年第1期30卷 5-12页

作者： Jill Wykosky tim Fenton Frank Furnari Webster K. Cavenee ludwig Institute for Cancer Research University of California San Diego Department of Medicine University of California San Diego

Epidermal growth fac tor receptor (EGFR) is one of the most commonly altered genes in human cancer by way of over-expression, amplification, and mutation. Targeted inhibition of EGFR activity suppresses signal transduction pathways which control tumor cell growth, proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies are among the most common EGFR-targeting agents and have been used clinically for treating various malignancies. This review discusses the successes and challenges of targeting EGFR in human cancer. The genetic alterations of EGFR tend to occur more often in some solid tumors than others, as do the mechanisms of resistance to targeted inhibition. The clinical and basic science experiences with these agents thus far have important implications for the future of therapeutic targeting of EGFR.

关键词：表皮生长因子受体靶向治疗癌症人类酪氨酸激酶抑制剂信号转导通路恶性肿瘤临床治疗

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: An overview of current insights in pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第16期14卷 2474-2486页

作者： tim CMA Schreuder Bart J Verwer Carin MJ van Nieuwkerk Chris JJ Mulder Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology VU University Medical Center

Estimates of people suffering from overweight (one billion) and obesity (300 million) are increasing. The accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, in the absence of excess alcohol intake, has been described in the early sixties. It was not until 1980, however, that ludwig et al named this condition nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Subsequently, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been used as a general name for conditions ranging from simple steatosis through steatohepatitis to end-stage liver disease (cirrhosis). Many studies have demonstrated the significant correlation with obesity and insulin resistance. Other studies have revealed a signifi- cant correlation between hepatic steatosis, cardiovascu- lar disease and increased intima-media thickness. WHO estimated that at least two million patients will develop cirrhosis due to hepatic steatosis in the years to come. Longitudinal cohort studies have demonstrated that those patients with cirrhosis have a similar risk to devel- op hepatocellular carcinoma as those with other causes of cirrhosis. Taken all together, NAFLD has become the third most important indication for liver transplantation. There- fore, training programmes in internal medicine, gastroen- terology and hepatology should stress the importance of diagnosing this entity and treat properly those at risk for developing complications of portal hypertension and con- comittant cardiovascular disease. This review will focus on the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, imaging tech- niques and the readily available therapeutic options.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholicsteatohepatitis Insulin resistance Liver Obesity Steatosis

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