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Genetic diversity of the S-type small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第2期17卷 84-90页

作者： Eric Tzyy Jiann Chong Joveen Wan Fen Neoh tiek ying lau Kek Heng Chua Yvonne Ai-Lian Lim Ping-Chin Lee Biotechnology Research Institute Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine BuildingUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS(CERiA) University of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMS88400 Kota KinabaluSabahMalaysia

Objective:To determine the genetic diversity of Plasmodium(P.)knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia,targeting the S-type SSU rRNA gene and including aspects of natural selection and ***:Thirty-nine blood samples infected with *** were collected in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular *** S-type SSU rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction,cloned into a vector,and *** natural selection and haplotype of the S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were determined using DnaSP v6 and illustrated using NETWORK *** study's 39 S-type SSU rRNA sequences and eight sequences from the Genbank database were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using MEGA ***:Overall,the phylogenetic analysis showed no evidence of a geographical cluster of *** isolates from different areas in Malaysia based on the S-type SSU rRNA gene *** S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were relatively conserved and with a purifying *** sharing of the S-type SSU rRNA gene was observed between the *** isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,but not between Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular ***:This study suggests that the S-type SSU rRNA gene of *** isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,and Peninsular Malaysia has fewer polymorphic sites,representing the conservation of the *** features make the S-type SSU rRNA gene suitable for comparative studies,such as determining the evolutionary relationships and common ancestry among *** species.

关键词： Plasmodium knowlesi S-type small subunit ribosomal RNA Genetic diversity Natural selection Haplotype

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Application of digital image correlation to full-field measurement of shrinkage strain of dental composites

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2013年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Jian-ying LI Andrew lau Alex S. L. FOK Minnesota Dental Research Centre for Biomaterials and Biomechanics School of Dentistry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Objectives： Polymerization shrinkage of dental composites remains a major concern in restorative dentistry because it can lead to micro-cracking of the tooth and debonding at the tooth-restoration interface. The aim of this study was to measure the full-field polymerization shrinkage of dental composites using the optical digital image correlation （DIC） method and to evaluate how the measurement is influenced by the factors in experiment setup and image analysis. Methods： Four commercial dental composites, Premise Dentine, Z 100, Z250 and Tetric EvoCeram, were tested. Composite was first placed into a slot mould to form a bar specimen with rectangular-section of 4 mmx2 mm, followed by the surface painting to create irregular speckles. Curing was then applied at one end of the specimen while the other part were covered against curing light for simulating the clinical curing condition of composite in dental cavity. The painted surface was recorded by a charge-coupled device （CCD） camera before and after curing. Subsequently, the volumetric shrinkage of the specimen was calculated with specialist DIC software based on image cross correlation. In addition, a few factors that may influence the measuring accuracy, including the subset window size, speckle size, illumination light and specimen length, were also evaluated. Results： The volumetric shrinkage of the specimen generally decreases with increasing distance from the irradiated surface with a conspicuous exception being the composite Premise Dentine as its maximum shrinkage occurred at a subsurface distance of about 1 mm instead of the irradiated surface. Z100 had the greatest maximum shrinkage strain, followed by Z250, Tetric EvoCeram and then Premise Dentine. Larger subset window size made the shrinkage strain contour smoother. But the cost was that some details in the heterogeneity of the material were lost. Very small subset window size resulted in a lot of noise in the data, making it difficult to discern the g

关键词： Image correlation Dental composite Polymerization shrinkage Depth of cure

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Urocortin and cardiovascular protection

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第3期25卷 3-11页

作者： Chi-wai lau,Yau-chi CHAN,Suk-ying TSANG,Franky Leung CHAN The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Anatomy

Urocortin and other hypothalamus corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) polypeptides play biologically diverse roles in the stress, cardiovascular and inflammatory responses by acting on central and peripheral CRF receptors. Urocortin shows a significantly high sequence homology to CRF, and the concurrent expression of type-2 CRF (CRF2) receptors with urocortin in the heart suggests that urocortin may play a physiological role in the cardiac function. Urocortin is thought to be the endogenous agonist producing the cardiovascular actions previously attributed to CRF. This review highlights the current novel findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which urocortin may exert its cardiovascular protective action.

关键词： urocortin corticotropin-releasing hormone vascular smooth muscle heart vasodilaion second messenger system protein kinases

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In-depth cDNA Library Sequencing Provides Quantitative Gene Expression Profiling in Cancer Biomarker Discovery

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2009年第1期7卷 1-12页

作者： Wanling Yang Dingge ying Yu-Lung lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Quantitative gene expression analysis plays an important role in identifying differentially expressed genes in various pathological states, gene expression regulation and co-regulation, shedding light on gene functions. Although microarray is widely used as a powerful tool in this regard, it is suboptimal quantitatively and unable to detect unknown gene variants. Here we demonstrated effective detection of differential expression and co-regulation of certain genes by expressed sequence tag analysis using a selected subset of cDNA libraries. We discussed the issues of sequencing depth and library preparation, and propose that increased sequencing depth and improved preparation procedures may allow detection of many expression features for less abundant gene variants. With the reduction of sequencing cost and the emerging of new generation sequencing technology, in-depth sequencing of cDNA pools or libraries may represent a better and powerful tool in gene expression profiling and cancer biomarker detection. We also propose using sequence-specific subtraction to remove hundreds of the most abundant housekeeping genes to increase sequencing depth without affecting relative expression ratio of other genes, as transcripts from as few as 300 most abundantly expressed genes constitute about 20% of the total transcriptome. In-depth sequencing also represents a unique advantage of detecting unknown forms of transcripts, such as alternative splicing variants, fusion genes, and regulatory RNAs, as well as detecting mutations and polymorphisms that may play important roles in disease pathogenesis.

关键词： cDNA sequencing sequencing depth expressed sequence tag sequence-specific subtraction,biomarker,mutation detection

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Dispersion of Titanium（Ⅳ） Oxide Nanoparticles in Mixed Matrix Membrane Using Octaisobutyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane for Enhanced CO2/CH4 Separation Performance

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2019年第7期37卷 654-663页

作者： Grace ying En Tan Pei Ching Oh Kok Keong lau Siew Chun Low CO2 Research Centre (CO2RES) Institute of Contaminant ManagementChemical Engineering DepartmentUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610 Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia School of Chemical Engineering Engineering CampusUniversiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalPenangMalaysia

Titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles have been incorporated into mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) to improve gas separation performance. However, TiO2 nanoparticles tend to agglomerate due to high surface energy and van der Waals forces. This leads to precipitation which causes the formation of non-homogeneous MMM morphology. In this study, the effect of octaisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) addition on TiO2/polysulfone MMM was investigated. The aims are to enhance gas separation performance whilst preventing agglomeration of TiO2 nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that inclusion of POSS as dispersant increases MMMs’ CO2/CH4 selectivity and permeance, possibly due to less void formation and more evenly distributed pore structure. For example, synergistic addition of 5 wt% TiO2 and 5 wt% POSS increased the CO2/CH4 selectivity up to 390% compared to MMM without POSS. This is supported by elemental mapping of titanium which revealed that POSS successfully dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles and prevented aggregation. TiO2-POSS/PSf MMMs also retained their favorable thermal stability.

关键词： Applications Membranes Nanoparticles Separation techniques Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

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Effectiveness of digital psychotherapeutic intervention among perinatal women:A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第4期11卷 133-152页

作者： ying lau Jing-ying Cheng Sai-Ho Wong Kai-Yoong Yen Ling-Jie Cheng Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Nursing Research Unit Department of NursingKhoo Teck Puat HospitalYishun Health CampusNational Healthcare GroupSingapore 768828Singapore

BACKGROUND The perinatal period is a challenging time of substantial emotional,physiological,social,and relational ***,anxiety,and stress symptoms are common,and co-exist in the perinatal *** technology continues to grow at an unprecedented pace with wide application,including psychotherapeutic intervention.A growing number of meta-analyses supported the application of digital psychotherapeutic intervention across different populations,but relatively few meta-and meta-regression analyses have concentrated on perinatal *** To evaluate the effectiveness of digital psychotherapeutic intervention on improving psychological outcomes among perinatal women and identify its essential *** Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were obtained from eight databases,including Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature,Cochrane Library,Embase,Scopus,PsycINFO,PubMed,Web of Science,and ProQuest Dissertation and Theses from inception up until November 24,*** Meta-analysis 3.0 software was used to conduct meta-and metaregression *** Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Grading of the Recommendation,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation system were adopted to assess the individual and overall qualities of the evidence,*** A total of 25 RCTs that included 3239 women were ***-analyses revealed that intervention significantly improved depression(Hedges’s g=0.49),anxiety(g=0.25),and stress(g=0.47)symptoms compared to the *** analyses demonstrated that a website platform with≥eight therapistguided sessions using the theoretical principle of cognitive behavioral therapy was more effective than other treatments in improving depression symptoms in postnatal ***-regression analyses observed that the age of perinatal women and the type of psychotherapy also had statistically significant effects on depression ***’s regression asymmetry tests suggested that no pub

关键词： Digital psychotherapeutic intervention Perinatal women Meta-analysis Meta-regression

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A monolithic InP/SOI platform for integrated photonics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第11期10卷 2143-2152页

作者： Zhao Yan Yu Han Liying Lin ying Xue Chao Ma Wai Kit Ng Kam Sing Wong Kei May lau Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina Department of Physics and William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

The deployment of photonic integrated circuits(PICs)necessitates an integration platform that is scalable,high-throughput,cost-effective,and *** we present a monolithic InP on SOI platform to synergize the advantages of two mainstream photonic integration platforms:Si photonics and InP *** monolithic InP/SOI platform is realized through the selective growth of both InP sub-micron wires and large dimension InP membranes on industry-standard(001)-oriented silicon-on-insulator(SOI)*** epitaxial InP is in-plane,dislocation-free,site-controlled,intimately positioned with the Si device layer,and placed right on top of the buried oxide layer to form“InP-on-insulator”.These attributes allow for the realization of various photonic functionalities using the epitaxial InP,with efficient light interfacing between the III-V devices and the Si-based *** exemplify the potential of this InP/SOI platform for integrated photonics through the demonstration of lasers with different cavity designs including subwavelength wires,square cavities,and *** results here mark a critical step forward towards fully-integrated Si-based PICs.

关键词： SOI monolithic integration

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Dependence of Mixed Aerosol Light Scattering Extinction on Relative Humidity in Beijing and Hong Kong

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2013年第2期6卷 117-121页

作者： LI Cheng-Cai HE Xiu DENG Zhao-Ze Alexis Kai-Hon lau LI ying Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University Aviation Meteorological Center Air Traffic Management Bureau Civil Aviation Administration of China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for the Environment/Environmental Central Facility The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST)

The hygroscopic properties of mixed aerosol particles are crucial for the application of remote sensing products of aerosol optical parameters in the study of air quality and climate at multiple scales. In this study, the authors investigated aerosol optical properties as a func tion of relative humidity （RH） for two representative me tropolises： Beijing and Hong Kong. In addition to the RH data, mass concentrations of PM10 （particulate matter up to 10 utm in diameter） and aerosol scattering extinction coefficient （aext） data were used. The relationship between the mass scattering extinction efficiency （MEE, defined as O＇ext/PMl0） and RH can be expressed by regression func tions asf= 1.52x ＋ 0.29 （re= 0.77）,f= 1.42x ＋ 1.53 （re= 0.58）,f= 1.19x ＋ 0.65 （re= 0.59）, andf= 1.58x ＋ 1.30 （re = 0.61） for spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respec tively, in Beijing. Here, f represents MEE, x represents I/（1-RH）, and the coefficients of determination are pre sented in parentheses. Conversely, in Hong Kong, the corresponding functions are f= 1.98x- 1.40 （r^2= 0.55）,f = 1.32x - 0.36 （r^2 = 0.26）,f= 1.87x - 0.65 （r^2 = 0.64）, and f= 2.39x - 1.47 （r^2 = 0.72）, respectively. The MEE values for Hong Kong at high RHs （RH 〉 70%） are higher than those for Beijing, except in summer; this suggests that aerosols in Hong Kong are more hygroscopic than those in Beijing for the other three seasons, but the aerosol hy groscopicity is similarly high in summer over both cities. This study describes the effects of moisture on aerosol scattering extinction coefficients and provides a potential method of studying atmospheric visibility and ground level air quality using some of the optical remote sensing products of satellites.

关键词： mass extinction efficiency hygroscopicityJBeijing Hong Kong /

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Antimicrobial resistance, genotypic characterization and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of extended spectrum β-lactamases-producing clinical Escherichia coli strains in Macao, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第17期000卷 2701-2707页

作者： YE Qian-hong lau ying LIANG Bin TIAN Su-fei School of Health Sciences Macao Polytechnic Institute Macao Special Administrative Region (SAR) China School of Health Sciences China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110001 China Department of Laboratory Medicine First Affiliated Hospital China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110001 China

Background The rise of the production of CTX-M class extended spectrum β-lactamases （ESBLs） has been well documented in traveling countries but no data are found for Macao, an international travel city. The objectives of this study were to identify the antimicrobial resistance pattern, and determine the prevalence, genotype and clonal relationship of ESBLs in 209 clinical Escherichia coli strains from Macao, China. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed to determine the resistance patterns of the isolates using the disk diffusion method with 17 antimicrobial agents. Phenotypic detection was screened and confirmed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Genotypic characterization was detected by isoelectric focusing analysis, polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The clonal relationship between the different ESBL isolates was studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis （PFGE）. Results Imipenem and meropenem exhibited 100% susceptible among 209 strains. Overall, 82.3%, 67.3%, 52.9%, 51.2% and 51.0% of the isolates displayed resistance to ampicillin, tetracylcline, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprin and gentamycin. The prevalence rate of ESBLs was 30.1%. Antibiotic resistances were found to be significantly higher among the ESBL producing group compared to non-ESBL producing group. We detected CTX-M-14 to be the major genotypic characterization of ESBLs （76.2%）. Two strains showed indistinguishable patterns by PFGE. Conclusions The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is alarming high in Macao. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly higher among the ESBL producing group. This study documented CTX-M-14 as the predominant ESBL type. Although indistinguishable pattern was found between two strains, it was too small to decide whether any of the investigated strains was epidemic. Our findings may be also pertinent for other geographic areas undergoing similar travel characteristics to understand the corresponding eff

关键词： antimicrobial resistance Escherichia coli pulsed-field gel electrophoresis extended spectrum β-lactamases Macao

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Optimal central venous pressure during partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 520-524页

作者： Cheng-Xin Lin Ya Guo Wan Yee lau Guang-ying Zhang Yi-Ting Huang Wen-Zheng He Eric CH Lai Department of Anesthesiology First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Department of Hepatic and Biliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong

BACKGROUND:Low central venous pressure(CVP) affects hemodynamic stability and tissue *** prospective study aimed to evaluate the optimal CVP during partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:Ninety-seven patients who underwent partial hepatectomy for HCC had their CVP controlled at a level of 0 to 5 mmHg during hepatic parenchymal *** systolic blood pressure(SBP) was maintained,if possible,at 90 mmHg or *** B surface antigen was positive in 90 patients(92.8%) and cirrhosis in 84 patients(86.6%).Pringle maneuver was used routinely in these patients with clamp/unclamp cycles of 15/5 *** average clamp time was 21.4±8.0 *** patients were divided into 5 groups based on the CVP:group A:0-1 mmHg;B:1.1-2 mmHg;C:2.1-3 mmHg;D:3.1-4 mmHg and E:4.1-5 *** blood loss per transection area during hepatic parenchymal transection and the arterial blood gas before and after liver transection were ***:With active fluid load,a constant SBP ≥90 mmHg which was considered as optimal was maintained in 18.6% in group A(95% CI:10.8%-26.3%);39.2% in group B(95% CI:29.5%-48.9%);72.2% in group C(95% CI:63.2%-81.1%);89.7% in group D(95% CI:83.6%-95.7%);and 100% in group E(95% CI:100%-100%).The blood loss per transection area during hepatic parenchymal transection decreased with a decrease in *** to groups D and E,blood loss in groups A,B and C was significantly less(analysis of variance test,P<0.05).Compared with the baseline,the blood oxygenation decreased significantly when the CVP was *** excess and HCO 3-in groups A and B were significantly decreased compared with those in groups C,D and E(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In consideration of blood loss,SBP,base excess and HCO 3-,a CVP of 2.1-3 mmHg was optimal in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for HCC.

关键词： central venous pressure hepatectomy blood loss

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