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Traffic accidents of autonomous vehicles based on knowledge mapping:A review

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2023年第6期10卷 1061-1073页

作者： Wei Ji Quan Yuan Gang Cheng Shengnan Yu Min Wang Zefang Shen tiantong yang Fada Institute of Forensic Medicine&Science China University of Political Science and LawBeijing 100088China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Vehicle and Mobility School of Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China China University of Political Science and Law Beijing 100088China

As a characteristic representative of the new generation of vehicles,autonomous driving is expected to improve people's driving experience.The study on traffic accident of autonomous vehicles(AVs)helps provide suggestions for autonomous driving safety from multiple disciplines and perspectives,and provide support for formulating traffic accident treatment schemes.Knowledge mapping,as a cutting-edge research method in bibliometrics,scientifically and objectively displays the relevant research status using visual means.This paper uses CiteSpace 6.1.r3 to analyze 5068 related literature on the Web of Science database from 1991 to 2022 and finds out major thematic clusters,important documents and representative journals according to citation frequency.The results show that research on traffic accidents involving AVs focuses on accident preventing technologies,including how to avoid collisions,track lane-position,and enhance vehicle-toeverything(V2X)communication.This paper extracts the mean research topics and key points involved in the field and illustrates journals related to AVs and traffic accidents,which provides guidance for subsequent researchers to carry out in-depth research and contribute their papers.Popular journals are in disciplines of mathematics,systems,computer,economics,and social science.This paper also suggests scholars to consider the aspects of scene reconstruction,cause analysis,and injury of vulnerable road users,so as to investigate traffic accidents and put forward effective treatment schemes to reduce AV accidents,and ultimately improve road safety.

关键词： Traffic accident Autonomous vehicle Knowledge mapping Bibliometric CiteSpace

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Importance and Guidelines of Postmortem Examination on COVID-19 Cases:An Overview

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2020年第3期6卷 93-97页

作者： Rong Li Kerning Yun Guoli Yin Ling Li Zhao Liu Xiang Zhang Ping Yan tiantong yang Department of Forensic Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina College of Forensic Medicine Shanxi Medical UniversityShanxiChina School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouChina Department of Forensic Pathology/Toxicology Office of the Chief Medical ExaminerBaltimoreMarylandUSA Zhongnan University of Economics and Law WuhanChina Key Laboratory of Evidence Science(China University of Political Science and Law) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization BeijingChina

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)occurred in December 2019,in Wuhan,China,the COVID-19 has spread to 216 countries,areas,and territories and killed more than 400,000 people worldwide.On March 11,the World Health Organization(WHO)declared COVID-19 a pandemic.The pathological findings of COVID-19 by postmortem biopsy were first reported in April 2020.Since then,there have been many publications regarding the postmortem pathological findings of different organs of COVED-19 patients.Well-performed systemic autopsy examination on patients with related diseases,acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV),and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus has provided critical infomiation for better understanding the pathogenesis of the emerging infectious diseases in the past Au overview on the importance and guidelines of postmortem examination on suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients is presented.

关键词： Autopsy COVID-19 guideline pathological findings SARS-CoV-2

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Estimation of Postmortem Interval by Postmortem Myocardial Computed Tomography Value

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2021年第3期7卷 82-90页

作者： Zhiyuan An Hongxia He Qing Niu Haibiao Zhu Yucong Wang Ran Liu Weiliang Hou Peng Tang tiantong yang Dong Zhao Key Laboratory of Evidence Law and Forensic Science Ministry of Education(China University of Political Science and Law) Judicial Authentication Institute of PLA BeijingChina

Background:The estimation of postmortem interval(PMI)is one of the most important topics in forensic medicine research.We speculate that with an increased PMI,the computed tomography(CT)values of different tissues may show regular changes.Purpose:To use postmortem computed tomography(PMCT)to measure the myocardial CT value(unit:Hounsfield Unit,HU)of the heart to explore its pattern in postmortem change,and to discuss whether it can serve as a new parameter for PMI estimation.Methods:A total of 10 healthy adult New Zealand rabbits were selected and then put into a 20℃ incubator after being sacrificed.Within 0-156 h after death,CT scans were performed every 12 h to detect changes in the myocardial CT value of the heart over time.Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the myocardial CT value of the heart and PMI.At the same time,HE and Masson were used to stain the cardiac tissue sections detected by PMCT at Oh,48h and 156h,respectively.Results:During 0-156 h,the overall myocardial CT value showed a trend of first rising and then decreasing with the increase of PMI.The fitting regression equation was y=-2873.193+143.866x-1.728x2(x:myocardial CT value,unit:Hu;y:PMI,unit:h,R2=0.466,P<0.05).During 48-156 h,the overall myocardial CT value decreased gradually with the increase of PMI.The fitting regression equation was y=-93.038+18.700x-0.321x2(x:myocardial CT value,unit:Hu;y:PMI,unit:h,R2=0.963,P<0.001).The results of the morphological changes of the myocardial tissue structure after death showed that the myocardial cell structure was relatively complete at 0-48 hours after death;and the myocardial cell structure disappeared at 156 hours after death.Conclusions:Our results revealed evident postmortem changes in the myocardial CT value of the heart.Accordingly,measuring the myocardial CT value through PMCT shows promise for being used as a parameter for PMI estimation in forensic medicine and is worthy of further studies.The morphological changes of the myocardial tissue structure after death

关键词： Computed tomography forensic pathology myocardium postmortem change postmortem interval

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Evaluation of Medical Malpractice Litigations in China, 2002–2011

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2016年第4期2卷 185-189页

作者： tiantong yang Guozhong Zhang Xu Wang Shengli Di Haidong Zhang Daming Sun Siyang Xiang Dong Zhao Lin Chang Ling Li Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization Department of Forensic Clinical Medicine Key Laboratory of Evidence ScienceChina University of Political Science and LawMinistry of EducationBeijing Department of Forensic Medicine Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang Forensic Science Center East China University of Political Science and LawShanghaiChina

In the past 10 years,medical malpractice litigations have become a serious public health and social issues in China.This study aims to evaluate the medical malpractice litigations in Beijing.A retrospective study was conducted using the database from the Key Laboratory of Evidence Science(KLES)at China University of Political Science and Law(CUPL)to demonstrate the extent and characteristics of the alleged medical malpractice cases and the conclusions of forensic evaluation from 2002 to 2011 in Beijing.A total of 1515 alleged medical malpractice cases were investigated by forensic medical experts at KLES‑CUPL during the study period.Of the 1515 cases,45.2%were male patients and 54.8%were female patients.The age of the patients ranged from newborn to 90 years,with average age of 44 years.The alleged medical malpractice cases involved 11.3%of newborns.From 2002 to 2006,the average number of medical malpractice litigations was 123 cases per year,while from 2007 to 2011,the average number of medical malpractice litigations was 180 per year,a 46%increase.Of the 1515 cases,588(38.8%)litigations were due to the patients’death.Clinical departments involved in claims most often were obstetrics(18.9%),followed by orthopedics(15.1%)and general surgery(11.5%).Medical error was found in 945(62.4%)cases.Of the 945 confirmed medical malpractice cases,the top medical misadventures were diagnostic errors(36.5%),improper performance of procedures(36.4%),and medication error(12.6%).Although tertiary hospitals were more likely to be sued than the secondary and primary hospitals(63.6%vs.36.4%),there was no significant difference between tertiary and secondary hospitals in the percentage of confirmed malpractice cases(62.3%vs.59.4%).The primary hospitals had the highest confirmed malpractice cases(73.2%).

关键词： Forensic investigation forensic medicine judicial appraisal medical litigation medical malpractice

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Characteristics of Suicides Caused by Drug Overdose in the State of Maryland

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2015年第1期1卷 38-42页

作者： Ling Li Xinbiao Liao Guozhong Zhang Daming Sun tiantong yang Keming Yun Rebecca Phipps Xiang Zhang Mary G Ripple David Fowler Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization and Institute of Evidence Science and Key Laboratory of Evidence Science China University of Political Science and LawBeijing Department and Key Laboratory of Forensic Pathology Guangdong Provincial Public Security Department of Forensic Pathology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang Center of Forensic Science East China University of Political Science and LawShanghai Department of Forensic Medicine Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina Division of Forensic Pathology University of MarylandSchool of MedicineMarylandUSA

Suicidal drug overdose is a major public health issue.In the United States,every year more than 33,000 people commit suicides.Our study focused on the characteristics of suicide victims in the state of Maryland.Material and methods:This study was a retrospective review of autopsy cases of all suicide deaths caused by drug(s)or drug(s)with alcohol intoxication investigated by the OCME in Maryland over a 7-year period from January 2004 to December 2011.All deaths investigated by the OCME that require autopsy examination are subject to comprehensive toxicology testing for drugs and alcohol.The screen tests were performed using gas chromatography(GC)and radioimmunoassay techniques.All detected drugs and/or metabolites were confirmed using GC-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Results:From 2004 to 2011,434 deaths were certified as suicide.Of the 434 suicidal overdose deaths,84%were white,11%were African-American,and about 5%were either Hispanic or Asian.The male and female ratio was almost equal.Their ages ranged 15-82 years.Of the 434 suicidal drug overdose deaths,277 victims(63.8%)consumed a single drug type and 157(36.2%)consumed more than one type of drug.Of the 277 single-drug overdose cases,71.1%suicides were due to prescription drugs,23.5%due to over-the-counter drugs,and 5.4%due to street/recreational drugs.Among single-type prescription drugs,analgesic(N=76),antidepressant(N=45),and neuroleptic(N=35)classes were the three leading type of drugs used in suicidal deaths.Oxycodone,morphine,quetiapine,and amitriptyline were the most common prescription drugs in suicidal overdose.Diphenhydramine was the leading over-the-counter drug.Of the 157 victims who consumed more than one drug,combined prescription drugs were present in 54.1%,mixed prescription and overthe-counter drugs in 29.3%,and prescription drugs/over-the-counter drugs and street drugs in 16.6%of cases.Of the multiple-drug overdose suicides,66.2%cases involved antidepressants.Discussion:Suicide is found in every age,racial,and ethnic group.In the USA,poisoning is

关键词： Antidepressants drug overdose epidemiology forensic autopsy forensic science suicide opioid analgesics toxicology

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Analyses of Medical Malpractice in Judicial Appraisal: 505 Cases

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2015年第1期1卷 21-25页

作者： Meng You Xu Wang Di Lu Haidong Zhang Shengli Di Fengqin Zhang Zhaoming Guo Li Yuan Lin Chang Jian Xiang Lili Yu Yingkai yang tiantong yang Center of Cooperative Innovation for Judicial Civilization Key Laboratory of Evidence Science China University of Political Science and LawMinistry of EducationBeijingChina

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze the current situation of medical malpractice and make suggestions for preventative measures from a judicial appraisal standpoint.From 2002 to 2011,we conducted and analyzed 505 medicolegal malpractice experiments at the Fada Institute of Forensic Medicine and Science(FIFMS)in Beijing,People’s Republic of China(PRC).We found that the occurrence of medical disputes in surgical and obstetrical/gynecological cases seemed more frequent.The main causes of medical disputes included issues regarding medical ethics,poor quality of the medical staff,equipment malfunctions,and dereliction of duty by the medical personnel.The reasons for dissatisfaction varied among the different levels of medical service.Basic medical services garnered the most complaints.If we can work to improve the moral and professional standards of the medical staff members,intensify their ethics,and foster good relationships between patients and medical professionals,the quality of medical care would improve and the number of disputes regarding medical services would be reduced.

关键词： Judicial appraisal medical dispute medical malpractice

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Estimation of the Postmortem Interval by Measuring Blood Oxidation‑reduction Potential Values

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2016年第1期2卷 8-11页

作者： Zhuqing Jiang Meng You Xu Wang Di Lu Haidong Zhang Shengli Di Fengqin Zhang Zhaoming Guo Xiaofei E Lin Chang Jian Xiang Rufeng Bai tiantong yang Center of Cooperative Innovation for Judicial Civilization China University of Political Science and Law&Jilin University&Wuhan University China University of Political Science and Law Key Laboratory of Evidence ScienceMinistry of EducationBeijing 100040China

Accurate estimation of the postmortem interval(PMI)is an important task in forensic practice.In the last half-century,the use of postmortem biochemistry has become an important ancillary method in determining the time of death.The present study was carried out to determine the correlation between blood oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)values and PMIs,and to develop a three-dimensional surface equation to estimate the PMI under various temperature conditions.A total of 48 rabbits were placed into six groups and sacrificed by air embolism.Blood was obtained from the right ventricle of each rabbit,and specimens were stored at 10℃,15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃,and 35℃.At different PMIs(once every 4 h),the blood ORP values were measured using a PB-21 electrochemical analyzer.Statistical analysis and curve fitting of the data yielded cubic polynomial regression equations and a surface equation at different temperatures.Result:The results showed that there was a strong positive correlation between the blood ORP values at different temperatures and the PMI.This study provides another example of using a three-dimensional surface equation as a tool to estimate the PMI at various temperature conditions.

关键词： Forensic science interpolation function oxidation‑reduction potential postmortem interval three‑dimensional surface equation

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国际外科医疗纠纷研究主题演化分析——基于SciMat的研究

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中国卫生法制 2024年第2期32卷 15-23页

作者：卢锐敏沈泽方初丽媛刘鸿霞王敏蒋露芳杨天潼中国科学院大学深圳医院(光明) 广东深圳市518106 中国政法大学证据科学教育部重点实验室北京100088 中国政法大学法治科学计量与评价中心北京100088 乐山职业技术学院四川乐山市614099

目的:对国际外科医疗纠纷领域的研究主题进行分析,揭示该领域的发展脉络。方法:以Web of Science中2011-2021年发表的有关外科医疗纠纷2841篇科学文献为研究对象,运用SciMAT绘制关键词覆盖图、主题战略坐标图和主题演化路径图,并对各时... 详细信息

目的:对国际外科医疗纠纷领域的研究主题进行分析,揭示该领域的发展脉络。方法:以Web of Science中2011-2021年发表的有关外科医疗纠纷2841篇科学文献为研究对象,运用SciMAT绘制关键词覆盖图、主题战略坐标图和主题演化路径图,并对各时间分区的主题战略坐标图和主题演化进行分析。结果:近10年来,国际外科医疗纠纷研究的发文量及关键词数量不断增多,各研究时期主题聚类不断增加,形成了重要的演化路径:RISK-FACTORS、SURGICAL-COMPLICATIONS、SURGICAL-SAFETY-CHECKLIST、MALPRACTICE-LITIGATION、PATIENT-SAFTY。结论:国际外科医疗纠纷领域的研究范围和内容呈现多元化的发展态势,研究主题不断丰富。RISK-FACTORS、SURGICAL-COMPLICATIONS、MEDICAL-LIABILITY可能是未来潜在的热点研究主题,可给予更多关注。可揭示外科相关科室、疾病、手术医疗事故诉讼的风险因素、并发症分布规律,为临床外科医生、医院管理者提供风险管理策略,提高患者安全;可探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎影响下紧急医疗纠纷的医疗责任问题。

关键词：外科医疗纠纷主题演化共词分析聚类分析 SciMAT

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新时期社会智库的价值定位、责任与路径重塑

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智库理论与实践 2023年第1期8卷 71-81页

作者：郭瑞杨天通郑州航空工业管理学院文法学院郑州450046 航空经济发展河南省协同创新中心郑州450046 河南财经政法大学马克思主义学院郑州450046

[目的/意义]社会智库作为中国特色新型智库体系的一部分,由于规模小、力量薄弱,成为我国智库建设的短板。[方法/过程]本文主要通过文献研究梳理社会智库发展现状及其在我国智库体系中独特的价值功能和社会责任,解析制约社会智库发展的... 详细信息

[目的/意义]社会智库作为中国特色新型智库体系的一部分,由于规模小、力量薄弱,成为我国智库建设的短板。[方法/过程]本文主要通过文献研究梳理社会智库发展现状及其在我国智库体系中独特的价值功能和社会责任,解析制约社会智库发展的内部羁绊与外部桎梏。[结果/结论]本文提出通过完善社会智库自身建设及改善智库外部运行环境,来破冰社会智库发展困境,重塑社会智库发展路径。

关键词：社会智库价值定位路径重塑

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我国智库评价研究:现状与未来展望

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智库理论与实践 2022年第1期7卷 51-60页

作者：郭瑞杨天通郑州航空工业管理学院文法学院郑州450046 河南财经政法大学马克思主义学院郑州450046

[目的/意义]通过对国内外智库评价研究进行梳理和综合述评,指出当前智库存在的问题和挑战,以期为后续的相关研究提供理论和实践指导。[方法/过程]本文利用文献研究法对我国智库评价从研究概况、智库评价研究报告、智库评价实证研究、智... 详细信息

[目的/意义]通过对国内外智库评价研究进行梳理和综合述评,指出当前智库存在的问题和挑战,以期为后续的相关研究提供理论和实践指导。[方法/过程]本文利用文献研究法对我国智库评价从研究概况、智库评价研究报告、智库评价实证研究、智库评价比较研究、智库评价要素及体系研究、智库评价分类研究、智库评价理论研究等7个方面进行归纳总结。[结果/结论]本文提出未来我国智库评价应在以下几方面着力:深化智库评价理论研究,提高评价方法科学性;提升评价主体多元化及协同合作;完善智库数据库建设,对智库成果和绩效进行全面评价;构建中国特色新型智库评价体系,建立多维、多层次、完善的智库评价体系等。

关键词：智库评价评价方法评价体系

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