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DNA methylation drives a new path in gastric cancer early detection:Current impact and prospects

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 847-860页

作者： Xinhui Wang Yaqi Dong Hong zhang Yinghui Zhao tianshu Miao Ghazal Mohseni Lutao Du Chuanxin Wang Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanShandong 250033China Department of Clinical Laboratory Fuling HospitalChongqing UniversityChongqing 402774China Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University SuzhouJiangsu 215123China Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Shandong University School of Basic Medical SciencesJinanShandong 250012China Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection JinanShandong 250033China Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory JinanShandong 250033China

Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.Early detection offers the best chance for curative treatment and reducing its mortality.However,the optimal population-based early screening for GC remains unmet.Aberrant DNA methylation occurs in the early stage of GC,exhibiting cancer-specific genetic and epigenetic changes,and can be detected in the media such as blood,gastric juice,and feces,constituting a valuable biomarker for cancer early detection.Furthermore,DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic alteration,and many innovative methods have been developed to quantify it rapidly and accurately.Nonetheless,large-scale clinical validation of DNA methylation serving as tumor biomarkers is still lacking,precluding their implementation in clinical practice.In conclusion,after a critical analysis of the recent existing literature,we summarized the evolving roles of DNA methylation during GC occurrence,expounded the newly discovered noninvasive DNA methylation biomarkers for early detection of GC,and discussed its challenges and prospects in clinical applications.

关键词： Biomarkers DNA methylation Early detection Gastric cancer Translation

Responses of nitrogen cycling and related microorganisms to brackish wetlands formed by evapotranspiration

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 252-266页

作者： Jiaohui FANG tianshu LU Jian LIU Shangbin HE Xiufeng YANG Huashan DOU Honghai zhang School of Life Sciences Qufu Normal UniversityQufu 273100China Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Hulunbuir Academy of Inland Lakes in Northern Cold&Arid Areas Hulunbuir 021000China

Elevated evapotranspiration due to warmer air temperature could raise salinity and nutrient levels of some inland wetlands, potentially impacting nitrogen cycling. To characterize the impact of high evapotranspiration on soil microbial nitrogen cycling in inland wetlands, we compared freshwater and brackish marsh(or non-marsh) wetlands in terms of sediment ammonia-oxidizing rate(AOR), denitrifying rate(DR), and related microbial communities in a typical inland basin, the Hulun Lake basin, in China. Results showed that marsh ecosystems(ME) exhibited 31% higher AOR and 65% higher DR than non-marsh ecosystems(NE). For NE, freshwater non-marsh wetland exhibited 12% higher AOR than brackish non-marsh wetland. This was probably due to the inhibitory effects of high NH_4~+ and salinity levels on ammonia-oxidizing archaea in brackish non-marsh wetland. Conversely, DR in brackish non-marsh wetland was 23% higher than that in freshwater non-marsh wetland, with total organic carbon(TOC) significantly influencing this difference,suggesting that the higher DR in brackish non-marsh wetland was mainly due to its higher TOC level. For ME, due to the direct and indirect interference of salinity, brackish marsh wetland displayed 26% lower AOR and 19% lower DR than freshwater marsh wetland. Besides, brackish wetlands harbored distinct ammonia-oxidizing and denitrifying microbial communities compared to freshwater wetlands. The assembly of these communities was dominated by stochastic processes, while brackish wetlands exhibited more prominent deterministic processes than freshwater wetlands. Overall, high evapotranspiration altered activities and community characteristics of ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in inland brackish wetlands by enhancing salinity and nutrient levels,while emergent plants occurring in ME could mitigate the adverse effects of salt stress of inland brackish wetlands on nitrogen cycling.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing archaea ammonia-oxidizing bacteria aquatic plants denitrifying bacteria nitrogen transformation inland wetlands

Energy Management of Price-maker Community Energy Storage by Stochastic Dynamic Programming

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 492-503页

作者： Lirong Deng Xuan zhang tianshu Yang Hongbin Sun Yang Fu Qinglai Guo Shmuel S.Oren Department of Electrical Engineering Shanghai University of Electric PowerShanghai 200000China Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Risk Analytics and Optimization Chair EPFLSwitzerlandand also with Power Systems LaboratoryETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In this paper,we propose an analytical stochastic dynamic programming(SDP)algorithm to address the optimal management problem of price-maker community energy storage.As a price-maker,energy storage smooths price differences,thus decreasing energy arbitrage value.However,this price-smoothing effect can result in significant external welfare changes by reduc-ing consumer costs and producer revenues,which is not negligible for the community with energy storage systems.As such,we formulate community storage management as an SDP that aims to maximize both energy arbitrage and community welfare.To incorporate market interaction into the SDP format,we propose a framework that derives partial but sufficient market information to approximate impact of storage operations on market prices.Then we present an analytical SDP algorithm that does not require state discretization.Apart from computational efficiency,another advantage of the analytical algorithm is to guide energy storage to charge/discharge by directly comparing its current marginal value with expected future marginal value.Case studies indicate community-owned energy storage that maximizes both arbitrage and welfare value gains more benefits than storage that maximizes only arbitrage.The proposed algorithm ensures optimality and largely reduces the computational complexity of the standard SDP.Index Terms-Analytical stochastic dynamic programming,energy management,energy storage,price-maker,social welfare.

关键词： Analytical stochastic dynamic programming energy management energy storage price-maker social welfare

Distribution and transport characteristics of fine particulate matter in beijing with mobile lidar measurements from 2015 to 2018

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 65-75页

作者： Lihui Lv tianshu zhang Yan Xiang Wenxuan Chai Wenqing Liu Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China

Accurately quantifying the concentration and transport flux of atmospheric fine particu-late matter(PM_(2.5))is vital when attempting to thoroughly identify the pollution formation mechanism.In this study,the mobile lidar measurements in Beijing on heavily polluted days in December from 2015 to 2018 are presented.The lidar was mounted on a vehicle,which could perform measurements along designated routes.On the basis of mobile lidar mea-surements along closed circuits of the 6th Ring Road around Beijing,the spatial distribution and transport flux of PM_(2.5) in Beijing were determined with information of wind field.In the spatial distribution,both the concentration and transport of PM_(2.5) were revealed to be more significant in the southern section of Beijing.The regional transport layer at heights<1.3 km plays an important role in pollution formation.The maximum transport flux reached 1600μg/(m^(2)*sec)on 11 December 2016.With the aerosol boundary layer height determined from the image edge detection(IED)method,the inter-annual variations of the aerosol boundary layer height(ABLH)were also analysed.The ABLH decreased from 0.73 to 0.46 km during the same heavy pollution period from 2015 to 2018.Increasingly adverse aerosol boundary layer(ABL)meteorological factors,including lower ABLH,light winds,temperature inversions,and accumulated moisture,have become necessary for pollution formation in Beijing.

关键词： Aerosol PM_(2.5) Regional transport Lidar Mobile measurement

Efficacy and safety of transvaginal mesh repair in a cohort with a minimum of 10-year follow-up

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1061-1068页

作者： Zhibo zhang Jianbin Guo Weijie Tian Ye zhang Yuelun zhang tianshu Sun Jiali Duan Xinmiao Bao Yuan Wang Yang Ye Qianqian Gao Honghui Shi Abraham Nick Morse Juan Chen Lan Zhu Departmentof Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking Union MedicalCollege HospitalChinese Academyof Medical Sciences&Peking Union MedicalCollegeNational Clinical Research Center for Obstetricand Gynecologic DiseasesBeijing 100730China Department of Gynecology Guizhou Provincial People’s HospitalMedical College of Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550002China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China Medical Research Center Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Medical Doctor Program Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Pathology Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijing 100730China Tufts University School of Medicine Boston MA 02111USA

Although transvaginal mesh(TVM)repair is no longer used in some countries,long-term outcomes after TVM surgery are of great importance globally.However,reports with follow-up>10 years are limited.Thus,this study aimed to report outcomes in a prospective cohort with at least 10 years of follow-up.Women with stageⅢ–Ⅳsymptomatic prolapse were approached consecutively from 2008 to 2013 at one tertiary hospital.The main outcome measure was symptomatic failure.Secondary outcomes included anatomic failure,recurrence,patient satisfaction,complications,and reoperation.The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to estimate the cumulative failure rate.Of the 121 patients enrolled in the study,103(85.1%)completed a median follow-up of 11 years.The estimated probability rates of symptomatic and anatomic failure were 17.6%and 8.8%in 11 years,respectively.The estimated incidence of symptomatic failure increased by 8.2%between 5 and 11 years;however,the corresponding rate for anatomic failure was 3.7%.The most common complication was vaginal mesh exposure,and its estimated probability increased from 19.3%to 28.4%from 5 to 11 years,respectively.Office trimming resolved 80.0%of vaginal exposures.These patients did not report decreased overall satisfaction.Patients with vaginal mesh exposure requiring>3 office procedures or mesh removal in the operating room(5.8%by 11 years)had lower satisfaction rates(P<0.01)and were defined as having severe mesh exposure.The rates of postoperative pain,reoperation,and Patient Global Impression of Improvement≥2 were 2.5%,3.3%,and 94.2%,respectively.The results of this study implied that TVM treatment gradually increased the symptomatic failure rate but provided durable anatomical support of the vaginal wall.Vaginal mesh exposure was common in women who were largely not sexually active;however,80%of the cases could be managed in the outpatient clinic,which did not affect patient satisfaction.

关键词： complication efficacy long-term follow-up pelvic organ prolapse safety transvaginal mesh

A comprehensive review of meal?replacement from dining table to sickbed: beyond biomedical potentials

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Hao Qiang tianshu Xu Peng Ma Siyuan zhang Guanhua Du Guifen Qiang Tengfei Ji The School of Chemistry Cardiff University State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research State Key Laboratory Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

The emergence of meal replacement (MR) originates from physical exercise or fitness as a substitute for one or all meals and later expands to the field of weight loss. Indeed， the main application of current meal replacement is to lose body weight， whether patients with obesity， diabetes， fatty liver， infertile or pregnant women can benefit from weight loss. In addition， MRs still exhibit more biomedical potential in preventing and treating diseases， like anti-diabetes， improving fatty liver and kidney disease， preventing cancer， conceiving and reducing pregnancy complications， and improving life quality. Indeed， there are also disadvantages to meal replacement， including causing adverse effects， although most are acceptable and tolerated. To date， various commercially-developed MRs are walking from dining table to sickbed. Therefore， a scientific understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of meal replacements is crucial for their extensive application beyond biomedical potentials.

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The novel ER stress inducer Sec C triggers apoptosis by sulfating ER cysteine residues and degrading YAP via ER stress in pancreatic cancer cells

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第1期12卷 210-227页

作者： Junxia Wang Minghua Chen Mengyan Wang Wenxia Zhao Conghui zhang Xiujun Liu Meilian Cai Yuhan Qiu tianshu zhang Huimin Zhou Wuli Zhao Shuyi Si Rongguang Shao Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering Ministry of HealthLaboratory of OncologyInstitute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PAAD) is one of the most lethal malignancies. Although gemcitabine(GEM) is a standard treatment for PAAD, resistance limits its application and therapy. Secoemestrin C(Sec C) is a natural compound from the endophytic fungus Emericella, and its anticancer activity has not been investigated since it was isolated. Our research is the first to indicate that Sec C is a broad-spectrum anticancer agent and could exhibit potently similar anticancer activity both in GEM-resistant and GEM-sensitive PAAD cells. Interestingly, Sec C exerted a rapid growth-inhibiting effect(80% death at 6 h), which might be beneficial for patients who need rapid tumor shrinkage before surgery. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC) reverse assays show that Sec C sulfates cysteines to disrupt disulfide-bonds formation in endoplasmic reticulum(ER) proteins to cause protein misfolding, leading to ER stress and disorder of lipid biosynthesis. Microarray data and subsequent assays show that ER stress-mediated ER-associated degradation(ERAD) ubiquitinates anddownregulates YAP to enhance ER stress via destruction complex(YAP-Axin-GSK-βTr CP), which also elucidates a unique degrading style for YAP. Potent anticancer activity in GEM-resistant cells and low toxicity make Sec C a promising anti-PAAD candidate.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Secoemestrin C YAP degradation ER stress inducer Resistance Fast shrinkage YAP destruction complex Lipid droplet formation

基于介质碳化通道电阻与温度映射关系的光伏直流汇集系统早期故障判别

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电网技术 2024年第4期48卷 1645-1653,I0075,I0077,I0078页

作者：张旸贾科张恬昕施志明毕天姝新能源电力系统国家重点实验室(华北电力大学) 北京市昌平区102206 新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司) 北京市海淀区100192

光伏中压直流汇集系统中,极间短路故障过流很可能迫使换流器在几毫秒内闭锁,保护来不及动作,引发整个系统停运。该问题可通过提前识别并隔离直流线路中的早期故障来解决。然而在直流线路上,早期故障与绝缘缺陷尚缺乏明确的边界,故障检... 详细信息

光伏中压直流汇集系统中,极间短路故障过流很可能迫使换流器在几毫秒内闭锁,保护来不及动作,引发整个系统停运。该问题可通过提前识别并隔离直流线路中的早期故障来解决。然而在直流线路上,早期故障与绝缘缺陷尚缺乏明确的边界,故障检测判据的阈值难以给定。为此,该文提出了基于碳化通道电阻与温度映射关系的早期故障边界给定原则。基于早期故障发展机理,建立了电缆早期故障实验拟合模型,选取介质碳化通道电阻为故障特征量。在计及系统电压控制约束条件下,解析电缆层间温差与碳化通道电阻的映射关系,进而确定早期故障边界。在此基础上提出了基于故障介质碳化通道电阻值的早期故障判据。仿真结果证明了早期故障边界的合理性以及早期故障判据的有效性,能够为光伏中压直流汇集系统的持续安全运行提供保障。

关键词：直流汇集系统早期故障故障边界故障判别

Ceramic membrane separation technique for washing nano-sized ceramic powder precursors

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Particuology 2011年第5期9卷 492-496页

作者： Qiang Dong Xingqin Liu tianshu zhang Department of Chemistry ＆ Materials Engineering. Hefei University Hefei 230022 China USTC Lab for Solid State Chemistry and Inorganic Membranes Department of Materials Science ＆ Engineering University of Science ＆ Technology of China Hefei 230026 China School of Materials Science and Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW2052 Australia

Washing using ceramic micro-filtration membranes was studied in the preparation of nano-sized TiO2 and A1203 powder precursors obtained by wet chemical methods. The key parameters for the washing process, such as operation pressure, cross-flow velocity, and slurry concentration, were examined and optimized. The shape and size of particles influenced the structure of the filter cake, leading to different permeation flux for different systems. The results demonstrated that washing using ceramic membranes is superior to the traditional plate-and-frame filtration and could be considered an advanced technique for ultra-fine powder preparation by wet-chemical method.

关键词： Nano-sized ceramic powder Wet-chemical method Ceramic membrane Washing Filtration