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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3379-3389页

作者： Yuntian Liao Rongtao zhu Wenjun Zhang Haiyang zhu Yang Sun Jiale Chen Zhenhua Dong Ronghuan Lv School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

High entropy alloys(HEA)are frequently employed as catalysts in electrocatalytic hydrogen ***,the traditional high entropy alloy synthesis methods are time-consuming,energy-intensive,and environmentally polluting,which limits their application in the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).This study leveraged the capabilities of flash Joule heating(FJH)to synthesize carbon-supported high-entropy alloy sulfide nanoparticles(CC-S-HEA)on carbon cloth(CC)with good self-standing properties within 300 *** carbon thermal shock generated by the Joule heating could pyrolyze the sulfur source into gas,resulting in numerous pore structures and defects on CC,forming an S-doped carbon substrate(CC-S).Then the S atoms were used to stably anchor the metal atoms on CC-S to form high-density uniformly dispersed HEA *** electrochemical test results demonstrated that CC-S-HEA prepared at 60 V flash voltage had HER performance comparable to Pt/*** density functional theory(DFT)calculation indicated that the S atoms on CC-S accelerated the electron transfer between the carbon substrate and HEA ***,the unique electronic structure of CC-S-HEA was beneficial to H*adsorption and promoted catalytic *** simplicity and versatility of FJH synthesis are of great significance for optimizing the synthesis of HEA and improving the quality of HEA products,which provides a broad application prospect for the synthesis of nanocatalysts with efficient HER performance.

关键词： high entropy alloy flash Joule heating carbon thermal shock hydrogen evolution reaction density functional theory

Appreciable Enhancement of Photocatalytic Performance for N-doped SrMoO_(4) via the Vapor-thermal Method

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第1期39卷 24-31页

作者：恽志强戴振翔 zhu Liwei ZHENG Ganhong School and Materials Science and Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

A series of nitrogen-doped SrMoO_(4) with different Sr/N mole ratio (R=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20,0.40,and 0.60) were synthesized using urea as the N source via the vapor-thermal *** photocatalytic degradation ability of all samples was evaluated using methylene blue (MB) as a target *** band gaps of N-doped samples are all higher than that of pristine ones,which is only 3.12 *** specific surface area S_(BET) and pore volume are increased due to the N *** the greater increase of S_(BET),the faster the photodegradation speed of methylene blue on SrMoO_(4).More specifically,the degradation efficiency of MB is improved up to 87%in 100 min.

关键词： SrMoO_(4) photocatalytic property nitrogen element doping

Lateral photovoltaic effect in the Ni-SiO_(2)-Si structure with bias

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第5期20卷 257-264页

作者： LING Xiang zhu Pengfei zhu Kun SONG Pei LI Xiong School of Mathematics Physics and StatisticsShanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai 201600China School of Electrical Engineering Liupanshui Normal UniversityLiupanshui 553004China School of Railway Telecommunication Hunan Technical College of Railway High-speedHengyang 421002China

We designed a clamping device to study lateral photovoltaic effect (LPE) in Ni-SiO_(2)-Si structure with bias due to the appropriate barrier *** LPE has a prominent sensitivity and linearity with 532 nm wavelength *** transient response time is 450μs and the relaxation time is 2 250μs in the Ni-SiO_(2)-Si structure without *** LPE sensitivity has a significant improvement with *** transient response time is 6μs and the relaxion time is 47μs with-7 V bias,not only improving the LPE sensitivity,but also increasing the response speed with *** research shows that the Schottky barrier structure can improve the sensitivity and linearity of LPE with bias effectively,and thus it can be used in position sensitive sensors.

关键词： LPE structure effect

Assessments of Data-Driven Deep Learning Models on One-Month Predictions of Pan-Arctic Sea Ice Thickness

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1379-1390页

作者： Chentao SONG Jiang zhu Xichen LI Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In recent years,deep learning methods have gradually been applied to prediction tasks related to Arctic sea ice concentration,but relatively little research has been conducted for larger spatial and temporal scales,mainly due to the limited time coverage of observations and reanalysis ***,deep learning predictions of sea ice thickness(SIT)have yet to receive ample *** this study,two data-driven deep learning(DL)models are built based on the ConvLSTM and fully convolutional U-net(FC-Unet)algorithms and trained using CMIP6 historical simulations for transfer learning and fine-tuned using reanalysis/*** models enable monthly predictions of Arctic SIT without considering the complex physical processes *** comprehensive assessments of prediction skills by season and region,the results suggest that using a broader set of CMIP6 data for transfer learning,as well as incorporating multiple climate variables as predictors,contribute to better prediction results,although both DL models can effectively predict the spatiotemporal features of SIT *** the predicted SIT anomalies of the FC-Unet model,the spatial correlations with reanalysis reach an average level of 89%over all months,while the temporal anomaly correlation coefficients are close to unity in most *** models also demonstrate robust performances in predicting SIT and SIE during extreme *** effectiveness and reliability of the proposed deep transfer learning models in predicting Arctic SIT can facilitate more accurate pan-Arctic predictions,aiding climate change research and real-time business applications.

关键词： Arctic sea ice thickness deep learning spatiotemporal sequence prediction transfer learning

Optimal AP Deployment in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems with LoS/NLoS Transmissions:A Stochastic Geometry Approach

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China Communications 2024年第9期21卷 146-158页

作者： Jiang Ling Zhang Qi zhu Hongbo Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China

Cell-free massive multiple-input multipleoutput(MIMO)is a promising technology for future wireless communications,where a large number of distributed access points(APs)simultaneously serve all users over the same time-frequency *** users and APs may locate close to each other,the line-of-sight(Lo S)transmission occurs more frequently in cell-free massive MIMO ***,in this paper,we investigate the cell-free massive MIMO system with Lo S and non-line-of-sight(NLo S)transmissions,where APs and users are both distributed according to Poisson point *** tools from stochastic geometry,we derive a tight lower bound for the user downlink achievable rate and we further obtain the energy efficiency(EE)by considering the power consumption on downlink payload transmissions and circuitry *** on the analysis,the optimal AP density and AP antenna number that maximize the EE are *** is found that compared with the previous work that only considers NLo S transmissions,the actual optimal AP density should be much smaller,and the maximized EE is actually much higher.

关键词： cell-free massive MIMO energy efficiency LoS/NLoS transmissions stochastic geometry

A Support Data-Based Core-Set Selection Method for Signal Recognition

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China Communications 2024年第4期21卷 151-162页

作者： Yang Ying zhu Lidong Cao Changjie National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications(University of Electronic Science and Technology of China) Chengdu 611731China College of Computer Science and Cyber Security(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China College of Mathmatics and Physics(Chengdu University of Technology) Chengdu 610059China

In recent years,deep learning-based signal recognition technology has gained attention and emerged as an important approach for safeguarding the electromagnetic ***,training deep learning-based classifiers on large signal datasets with redundant samples requires significant memory and high *** paper proposes a support databased core-set selection method(SD)for signal recognition,aiming to screen a representative subset that approximates the large signal ***,this subset can be identified by employing the labeled information during the early stages of model training,as some training samples are labeled as supporting data *** support data is crucial for model training and can be found using a border sample *** results demonstrate that the SD method minimizes the impact on model recognition performance while reducing the dataset size,and outperforms five other state-of-the-art core-set selection methods when the fraction of training sample kept is less than or equal to 0.3 on the RML2016.04C dataset or 0.5 on the RML22 *** SD method is particularly helpful for signal recognition tasks with limited memory and computing resources.

关键词： core-set selection deep learning model training signal recognition support data

Stereochemical editing:Catalytic racemization of secondary alcohols and amines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 17-31页

作者： Jun Zhang Zhiyao Zheng Can zhu Department of Chemistry Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Department of Organic Chemistry Arrhenius LaboratoryStockholm UniversityStockholm 10691Sweden

Chiral alcohols and amines are important structural units widely existing in pharmaceuticals,agrochemicals,and food *** kinetic resolution(DKR)is an efficient strategy to deliver optically active alcohols and amines from their *** the development of DKR method,racemization catalyst plays as a crucial element with the requirement of compatibility with the kinetic resolution(KR)*** this paper,recent advance in the catalytic racemization of secondary alcohols and amines is summarized based on different types of racemizing intermediates,which are redox racemization via ketone/imine intermediates,racemization via radical intermediates,and racemization via carbocation *** racemization of secondary alcohols and amines is also enclosed.

关键词： Racemization Secondary alcohols Amines Kinetic resolution Dynamic kinetic resolution

Carbon emission quantification and reduction in pavement use phase:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第1期11卷 69-91页

作者： Linjie zhu Jin Li Feipeng Xiao Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

The carbon emissions arising from road pavement infrastructures have emerged as critical issue in recent *** life cycle of a pavement can be divided into five phases,namely raw materials and production,construction,use,maintenance and end of *** the use phase generates the highest carbon emissions throughout the pavement's life cycle,it is usually neglected in most pavement life cycle assessment(LCA)studies due to its complexity and ***,this review selected 126 relevant references,focuses on quantification methods,influential factors and reduction technologies of carbon emissions in pavement use *** the carbon accounting approached,the LCA approach,remains the most widely used for evaluating the environmental impact of ***,the primary influential factors on the use phase'carbon emission include pavement-vehicle interaction primarily affected by pavement roughness,pavement albedo and climate *** influential factors above indirectly cause changes in carbon emissions by influencing the pavement performance and subsequent vehicle ***,the review surveys carbon emission reduction technologies during pavement use phase,focusing mainly on reducing pavement rolling resistance and constructing cool *** pavements and permeable pavements are the most widely used cool pavement ***,the aspects involved in this paper hold significant promise for quantifying and reducing carbon emissions in the pavement use phase.

关键词： Pavement Carbon emission Life cycle assessment Use phase Emission reduction

IMAGE SUPER-RESOLUTION RECONSTRUCTION BY HUBER REGULARIZATION AND TAILORED FINITE POINT METHOD

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 313-336页

作者： Wenli Yang Zhongyi Huang Wei zhu School of Mathematics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Department of Mathematics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mathematics University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

In this paper,we propose using the tailored finite point method(TFPM)to solve the resulting parabolic or elliptic equations when minimizing the Huber regularization based image super-resolution model using the augmented Lagrangian method(ALM).The Hu-ber regularization based image super-resolution model can ameliorate the staircase for restored *** employs the method of weighted residuals with collocation tech-nique,which helps get more accurate approximate solutions to the equations and reserve more details in restored *** compare the new schemes with the Marquina-Osher model,the image super-resolution convolutional neural network(SRCNN)and the classical interpolation methods:bilinear interpolation,nearest-neighbor interpolation and bicubic *** experiments are presented to demonstrate that with the new schemes the quality of the super-resolution images has been *** these,the existence of the minimizer of the Huber regularization based image super-resolution model and the convergence of the proposed algorithm are also established in this paper.

关键词： Image super-resolution Variational model Augmented Lagrangian methods Tailored finite point method

Toward Human-centered XAIin Practice:A survey

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 740-770页

作者： Xiangwei Kong Shujie Liu Luhao zhu Department of Data Science and Management Engineering School of ManagementZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Human adoption of artificial intelligence(AI)technique is largely hampered because of the increasing complexity and opacity of AI *** AI(XAI)techniques with various methods and tools have been developed to bridge this gap between high-performance black-box AI models and human ***,the current adoption of XAI technique stil lacks"human-centered"guidance for designing proper solutions to meet different stakeholders'needs in XAI *** first summarize a human-centered demand framework to categorize different stakeholders into five key roles with specific demands by reviewing existing research and then extract six commonly used human-centered XAI evaluation measures which are helpful for validating the effect of *** addition,a taxonomy of XAI methods is developed for visual computing with analysis of method *** clearer human demands and XAI methods in mind,we take a medical image diagnosis scenario as an example to present an overview of how extant XAI approaches for visual computing fulfil stakeholders'human-centered demands in *** we check the availability of open-source XAI tools for stakeholders'*** survey provides further guidance for matching diverse human demands with appropriate XAI methods or tools in specific applications with a summary of main challenges and future work toward human-centered XAI in practice.

关键词： Artificial intelligence(AI)application explainable AI(XAI) human-centered design visual computing medical diagnosis.