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Large-inductance superconducting microstrip photon detector enabling 10 photon-number resolution

Advanced Photonics 2024年第1期6卷 96-105页

作者： Ling-Dong Kong tian-zhu zhang Xiao-Yu Liu Hao Li Zhen Wang Xiao-Ming Xie Li-Xing You Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyNational Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated CircuitsShanghaiChina CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics ShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringBeijingChina

Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information *** this,very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range,all while maintaining high speed and high timing *** nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly,but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and ***,we have pioneered the demonstration of 10 true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector,with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98%and 90%for 4-photon and 6-photon events,***,our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude,allowing for real-time photon-number *** then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state,which guarantees inherent unbiasedness,robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise,as well as invulnerability to *** solution boasts high fidelity,a large dynamic range,and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure,fabrication,and readout,which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.

关键词： superconducting microstrips single-photon detector photon-number resolution quantum random number

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New‑Generation Ferroelectric AlScN Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 88-118页

作者： Yalong zhang Qiuxiang zhu Bobo tian Chungang Duan Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices Ministry of EducationShanghai Center of Brain‑Inspired Intelligent Materials and DevicesDepartment of ElectronicsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006ShanxiPeople’s Republic of China

Ferroelectrics have great potential in the field of nonvolatile memory due to programmable polarization states by external electric field in nonvolatile ***,complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatibility and uniformity of ferroelectric performance after size scaling have always been two thorny issues hindering practical application of ferroelectric memory *** emerging ferroelectricity of wurtzite structure nitride offers opportunities to circumvent the *** review covers the mechanism of ferroelectricity and domain dynamics in ferroelectric AlScN *** performance optimization of AlScN films grown by different techniques is summarized and their applications for memories and emerging in-memory computing are ***,the challenges and perspectives regarding the commercial avenue of ferroelectric AlScN are discussed.

关键词： AlScN Ferroelectrics Nonvolatile memory In-memory computing

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How do the landslide and non-landslide sampling strategies impact landslide susceptibility assessment? d A catchment-scale case study from China

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第3期16卷 877-894页

作者： Zizheng Guo Bixia tian Yuhang zhu Jun He Taili zhang School of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China Hebei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Prevention and Risk Assessment Sanhe065201China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Nanjing Center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesNanjing210016China

The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of the sampling strategy of landslide and non-landslide on the performance of landslide susceptibility assessment(LSA).The study area is the Feiyun catchment in Wenzhou City,Southeast *** types of landslides samples,combined with seven non-landslide sampling strategies,resulted in a total of 14 *** corresponding landslide susceptibility map(LSM)for each scenario was generated using the random forest *** receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and statistical indicators were calculated and used to assess the impact of the dataset sampling *** results showed that higher accuracies were achieved when using the landslide core as positive samples,combined with non-landslide sampling from the very low zone or buffer *** results reveal the influence of landslide and non-landslide sampling strategies on the accuracy of LSA,which provides a reference for subsequent researchers aiming to obtain a more reasonable LSM.

关键词： Landslide susceptibility Sampling strategy Machine learning Random forest China

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Simulation of the Ecosystem Productivity Responses to Aerosol Diffuse Radiation Fertilization Effects over the Pan-Arctic during 2001–19

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第1期41卷 84-96页

作者： Zhiding zhang Xu YUE Hao ZHOU Jun zhu Yadong LEI Chenguang tian Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&Technology(NUIST)Nanjing 210044China Climate Change Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

The pan-Arctic is confronted with air pollution transported from lower *** have shown that aerosols help increase plant photosynthesis through the diffuse radiation fertilization effects(DRFEs).While such DRFEs have been explored at low to middle latitudes,the aerosol impacts on pan-Arctic ecosystems and the contributions by anthropogenic and natural emission sources remain less ***,we perform regional simulations at 0.2o×0.2ousing a well-validated vegetation model(Yale Interactive terrestrial Biosphere,YIBs)in combination with multi-source of observations to quantify the impacts of aerosol DRFEs on the net primary productivity(NPP)in the pan-Arctic during *** show that aerosol DRFEs increase pan-Arctic NPP by 2.19 Pg C(12.8%)yr^(-1)under clear-sky conditions,in which natural and anthropogenic sources contribute to 8.9% and 3.9%,*** all-sky conditions,such DRFEs are largely dampened by cloud to only 0.26 Pg C(1.24%)yr^(-1),with contributions of 0.65% by natural and 0.59% by anthropogenic *** aerosols cause a positive NPP trend of 0.022% yr^(-1)following the increased fire activities in the *** contrast,anthropogenic aerosols induce a negative trend of-0.01% yr^(-1)due to reduced emissions from the middle *** trends in aerosol DRFEs show a turning point in the year of 2007 with more positive NPP trends by natural aerosols but negative NPP trends by anthropogenic aerosols *** affected by modeling uncertainties,this study suggests a likely increasing impact of aerosols on terrestrial ecosystems in the pan-Arctic under global warming.

关键词： diffuse radiation fertilization effects anthropogenic aerosols natural aerosols pan-Arctic net primary productivity

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Spectral Index Distribution of Various Scale Components in Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 211-217页

作者： Xianhuan Lei Hui zhu Zongyao Yin Haiyan zhang Wenwu tian Xianchuan Yu Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China School of Artiﬁcial Intelligence Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Cassiopeia A(Cas A) is a well-known candidate for studying cosmic-ray acceleration, in which compact features of various scales have attracted much attention. Based on observations by the Very Large Array of Cas A at 6 cm and 21 cm, we measure the spectral index distribution of various scale components using the observation of the 1998 epoch. We decompose its total density image into nine scale components, and map the temperature spectral index distribution of each component, which ranges from-2.48 ± 0.01 to-2.91 ± 0.05. We find that the spectral indices increase from the small scale to large scale components. A damped post-shock magnetic field model with a strength larger than ~200 μG and a damping length scale less than ~10% of the remnant radius can account for the spectral index variation naturally.

关键词： ISM supernova remnants-(ISM:)cosmic rays-radio continuum ISM

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Multi-distortion suppression for neutron radiographic images based on generative adversarial network

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第4期35卷 176-188页

作者： Cheng-Bo Meng Wang-Wei zhu Zhen zhang Zi-Tong Wang Chen-Yi Zhao Shuang Qiao tian zhang School of Physics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

Neutron radiography is a crucial nondestructive testing technology widely used in the aerospace,military,and nuclear ***,because of the physical limitations of neutron sources and collimators,the resulting neutron radiographic images inevitably exhibit multiple distortions,including noise,geometric unsharpness,and white ***,these distortions are particularly significant in compact neutron radiography systems with low neutron ***,in this study,we devised a multi-distortion suppression network that employs a modified generative adversarial network to improve the quality of degraded neutron radiographic *** neutron radiographic image datasets with various types and levels of distortion were built for the first time as multi-distortion suppression ***,the coordinate attention mechanism was incorporated into the backbone network to augment the capability of the proposed network to learn the abstract relationship between ideally clear and degraded *** experiments were performed;the results show that the proposed method can effectively suppress multiple distortions in real neutron radiographic images and achieve state-of-theart perceptual visual quality,thus demonstrating its application potential in neutron radiography.

关键词： Neutron radiography Multi-distortion suppression Generative adversarial network Coordinate attention mechanism

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Robust adaptive radar beamforming based on iterative training sample selection using kurtosis of generalized inner product statistics

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 24-30页

作者： tian Jing zhang Wei School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Space Security Chengdu 610036China

In engineering application,there is only one adaptive weights estimated by most of traditional early warning radars for adaptive interference suppression in a pulse reputation interval(PRI).Therefore,if the training samples used to calculate the weight vector does not contain the jamming,then the jamming cannot be removed by adaptive spatial *** the weight vector is constantly updated in the range dimension,the training data may contain target echo signals,resulting in signal cancellation *** cope with the situation that the training samples are contaminated by target signal,an iterative training sample selection method based on non-homogeneous detector(NHD)is proposed in this paper for updating the weight vector in entire range *** principle is presented,and the validity is proven by simulation results.

关键词： adaptive radar beamforming training sample selection non-homogeneous detector electronic jamming jamming suppression

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Deformation of Rigid Conjugate Self-dual Galois Representations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第7期40卷 1599-1644页

作者： Yi Feng LIU Yi Chao tian Liang XIAO Wei zhang Xin Wen zhu Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058P.R.China Morningside Center of Mathematics AMSSChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190P.R.China New Cornerstone Lab Beijing International Center for Mathematical ResearchPeking Ui Beijing 100871P.R.China Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge MA 02139United States Department of Mathematics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States

In this article,we study deformations of conjugate self-dual Galois *** study is ***,we prove an R=T type theorem for a conjugate self-dual Galois representation with coefficients in a finite field,satisfying a certain property called ***,we study the rigidity property for the family of residue Galois representations attached to a symmetric power of an elliptic curve,as well as to a regular algebraic conjugate self-dual cuspidal representation.

关键词： Galois deformation rigid conjugate self-dual Galois representations

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An Empirical Study on Google Research Football Multi-agent Scenarios

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第3期21卷 549-570页

作者： Yan Song He Jiang Zheng tian Haifeng zhang Yingping zhang Jiangcheng zhu Zonghong Dai Weinan zhang Jun Wang Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Digital Brain Lab Shanghai200001China ShanghaiTech University Shanghai200001China Huawei Cloud Guiyang550003China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200001China University College London LondonWC1E 6PTUK

Few multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) researches on Google research football (GRF) focus on the 11-vs-11 multi-agent full-game scenario and to the best of our knowledge, no open benchmark on this scenario has been released to the public. In this work, we fill the gap by providing a population-based MARL training pipeline and hyperparameter settings on multi-agent football scenario that outperforms the bot with difficulty 1.0 from scratch within 2 million steps. Our experiments serve as a reference for the expected performance of independent proximal policy optimization (IPPO), a state-of-the-art multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm where each agent tries to maximize its own policy independently across various training configurations. Meanwhile, we release our training framework Light-MALib which extends the MALib codebase by distributed and asynchronous implementation with additional analytical tools for football games. Finally, we provide guidance for building strong football AI with population-based training and release diverse pretrained policies for benchmarking. The goal is to provide the community with a head start for whoever experiment their works on GRF and a simple-to-use population-based training framework for further improving their agents through self-play. The implementation is available at https://***/Shanghai-Digital-Brain-Laboratory/DB-Football.

关键词： Multi-agent reinforcement learning(RL) distributed RL system population-based training reward shaping game theory

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Frequency Domain Fatigue Evaluation on SCR Girth-Weld Based on Structural Stress

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 255-270页

作者： zhang Long ZHAO tian-feng College of Safety and Ocean Engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

The Steel Catenary Riser(SCR)is a vital component for transporting oil and gas from the seabed to the floating *** harsh environmental conditions and complex platform motion make the SCR’s girth-weld prone to fatigue *** structural stress fatigue theory and Master S-N curve method provide accurate predictions for the fatigue damage on the welded joints,which demonstrate significant potential and compatibility in multi-axial and random fatigue ***,we propose a new frequency fatigue model subjected to welded joints of SCR under multiaxial stress,which fully integrates the mesh-insensitive structural stress and frequency domain random process and transforms the conventional welding fatigue technique of SCR into a spectrum analysis technique utilizing structural ***,a full-scale FE model of SCR with welds is established to obtain the modal structural stress of the girth weld and the frequency response function(FRF)of modal coordinate,and a biaxial fatigue evaluation about the girth weld of the SCR can be achieved by taking the effects of multi-load correlation and pipe-soil interaction into *** research results indicate that the frequency-domain fatigue results are aligned with the time-domain results,meeting the fatigue evaluation requirements of the SCR.

关键词： SCR girth weld random vibration self(cross)power spectrum structural stress method biaxial fatigue damage

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