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Matching actions to needs: shifting policy responses to the changing health needs of Chinese children and adolescents

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第4期46卷 866-866页

作者： tian-jiao chen Institute of Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health Peking University Beijing China National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Peking University Beijing China National Center for Occupational Safety and Health Beijing China China National Health Development Research Center Beijing China Health Commission of Hainan Province Haikou China Beijing Anding Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China National Center for Women and Children's Health China Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China Department of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health Anhui Medical University Hefei China MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle Anhui Medical University Hefei China Department of Education Economics and Management Graduate School of Education Peking University Beijing China Department of Plastic Surgery Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China Chongqing Municipal Health Care Center for Primary and Secondary Schools Chongqing China Centre for Adolescent Health Royal Children's Hospital Parkville VIC Australia Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC Australia Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville VIC Australia Child Health and Development UNICEF China Beijing China

China is home to the second largest population of children and adolescents in the *** demographic shifts mean that the government must manage the challenge of fewer children with the needs of an ageing population,while considering the delicate tension between economic growth and environmental *** mapped the health problems and risks of contemporary school-aged children and adolescents in China against current national health *** involved multidisciplinary experts,including young people,with the aim of identifying actionable strategies and specific recommendations to promote child and adolescent health and *** major improvements in their health over the past few decades,contemporary Chinese children and adolescents face distinct social challenges,including high academic pressures and youth unemployment,and new health concerns including obesity,mental health issues,and sexually transmitted *** by gender,geography,and ethnicity remains a feature of health risks and *** identified a mismatch between current health determinants,risks and outcomes,and government policies.

关键词： policy children shifting

Association of β3 Adrenergic Receptor and Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma 2 Polymorphisms With Insulin Sensitivity:A Twin Study

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第2期20卷 99-105页

作者： tian-jiao chen chenG-YE JI XIAO-YING ZHENG AND YONG-HUAHU Institute of Child and Adolescent Health Peking University Beijing 100083 China Institute of Population Research Peking University/WHO Collaborating Center on Reproductive Health and Population Science Beijing 100083China Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics School of Public Health Peking University Beijing 100083 China

Objective To study the effect of β3 adrenergic receptor （β3AR） Trp64Arg and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 （PPAR72） Prol2Ala polymorphisms on insulin resistance. Methods One hundred and eight dizygotic twin pairs were enrolled in this study. Microsatellite polymorphism was used to diagnose zygosity of twins. Insulin sensitivity was estimated with logarithm transformed homeostasis model assessment （HOMA）. PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to detect the variants. As a supplement to the sib-pair method, identity by state （IBS） was used to analyze the association of polymorphisms with insulin sensitivity. Results The genotype frequencies of Trp64Trg, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg were 72.3%, 23.8%, and 3.9%, respectively, while the genotype frequencies of Pro12Pro, Pro12Ala, and Ala12Ala were 89.9%, 9.6%, and 0.5%, respectively. For β3AR Trp64Arg the interclass co-twin correlations of Waist-to-hip ratio （WHR）, blood glucose （GLU）, and insulin （INS）, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index （HOMA-IR） of the twin pairs sharing 2 alleles of IBS were greater than those sharing 0-1 allele of IBS, and HOMA4R had statistic significance. For PPAR3t2 Prol2Ala most traits of twin pairs sharing 2 alleles of IBS had greater correlations and statistic significance in body mass index （BMI）, WHR, percent of body fat （PBF） and GLU, but there were low correlations of either insulin or HOMA-IR of twin pairs sharing 1 or 2 alleles of IBS. The combined effects of the two variations showed less squared significant twin-pair differences of INS and HOMA-IR among twins sharing 4 alleles of IBS. Condusions β3AR Trp64Arg and PPAR）,2 Pro 12Ala polymorphisms might be associated with insulin resistance and obesity, and there might be slight synergistic effects between this two gene loci, and further studies are necessary to confirm this finding.

关键词： Dizygotic twins Beta-3 adrenergic receptor Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 Polymorphism Insulin resistance.

Three new aspochalasin derivatives from the marine-derived fungus Spicaria elegans

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2010年第7期21卷 824-826页

作者： Zhen Jian Lin tian jiao Zhu Li chen Qian Qun Gu Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs Chinese Ministry of EducationInstitute of Marine Drugs and FoodOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

Three new aspochalsins（R-T）（1-3） were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Spicaria *** structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectral analysis including 1D and 2D NMR techniques,and HR-ESI-MS.

关键词： Aspochalasin Spicaria elegans Marine fungus

Construction of acetyl-CoA and DBAT hybrid metabolic pathway for acetylation of 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ to baccatin Ⅲ

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第10期11卷 3322-3334页

作者： Hao Wang Bo-Yong Zhang Ting Gong tian-jiao chen Jing-Jing chen Jin-Ling Yang Ping Zhu State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural ProductsCAMS Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Biocatalysis of Natural DrugsInstitute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

10-DeacetylbaccatinⅢ(10-DAB)C10 acetylation is an indispensable procedure for Taxol semi-synthesis,which often requires harsh conditions.10-DeacetylbaccatinⅢ-10-β-O-acetyltransferase(DBAT)catalyzes the acetylation but acetyl-CoA supply remains a key limiting *** we refactored the innate biosynthetic pathway of acetyl-CoA in Escherichia coli and obtained a chassis with acetyl-CoA productivity over three times higher than that of the host ***,we constructed a microbial cell factory by introducing DBAT gene into this chassis for efficiently converting 10-DAB into baccatinⅢ.We found that baccatinⅢcould be efficiently deacetylated into 10-DAB by DBAT with CoASH and K+under alkaline ***,we fed acetic acid to the engineered strain both for serving as a substrate of acetyl-CoA biosynthesis and for alleviating the deacetylation of baccatinⅢ.The fermentation conditions were optimized and the baccatinⅢtiters reached 2,3 and 4.6 g/L,respectively,in a 3-L bioreactor culture when 2,3 and 6 g/L of 10-DAB were *** study provides an environmentfriendly approach for the large scale 10-DAB acetylation without addition of acetyl-CoA in the industrial Taxol *** finding of DBAT deacetylase activity may broaden its application in the structural modification of pharmaceutically important lead compounds.

关键词： Microbial cell factory Biosynthetic pathway of acetyl-CoA Bioconversion of 10-deacetylbaccatinⅢto baccatinⅢ 10-DeacetylbaccatinⅢ-10-β-Oacetyltransferase Deacetylation of baccatinⅢ High-cell-density fermentation Taxol semi-synthesis

Waist Circumference Distribution of Chinese School-age Children and Adolescents

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2010年第1期23卷 12-20页

作者： chenG-YE JI RITA YT SUNG GUAN-SHENG MA JUN MA ZHONG-HU HE tian-jiao chen Institute of ChiM and Adolescent Health Peking University Health Science Center Beijing 100191 China Department of Paediatrics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Special Administrative Region China National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 100021 China

Background Waist circumference （WC）, a proxy measure of central body fat, is a better predictor than overall body fat for cardiovascular risk factors in both adults and children. WC cutoffs have been established in many countries, but the national WC reference has not been developed in China. Objective To study the distribution of WC in a representative group of Chinese children for establishing Chinese WC cutoff points. Methods Cross-sectional data obtained from 15 mainland provinces and Hong Kong were collected. There were 160 225 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years old in total. The subjects were divided into five regional groups namely costal city, other city, noah rural, south rural, and Hong Kong, for analyzing the distribution of WC. Results A large variation in WC distribution was found among the five groups for both sexes. Coastal city group had the highest P85 WC values consistently from the early school ages to 18-year-old compared with other groups. In contrast, south rural group had P85 values consistently lagged behind not only the city groups but also the north rural group. Hong Kong group had a high P85 WC at early ages, but because of the smaller increments of WC during adolescence, the P85 curve was gradually exceeded by the north rural groups. Catch-up trend was found in the two rural groups since the peak of puberty. These disparities were caused by not only socioeconomic and urban-rural factors but also north-south differences. Because of the regional variation of WC, a ＂gradient＂ prevalence of central obesity was prospected among these groups. Comparisons of WC distributions between the Chinese and the U.S.A or Netherlands demonstrated the necessary of setting up China＇s own WC cutoffs. Sex and age-specific percentiles were obtained and smoothed by using LMS method. Conclusion The data obtained from this study could be used to develop national WC cutoff points for Chinese children and adolescents.

关键词： Overweight and obesity Central obesity Waist circumference Chinese youth School-age children and adolescents

Combinatorial mutation on the β-glycosidase specific to 7-β-xylosyltaxanes and increasing the mutated enzyme production by engineering the recombinant yeast

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第3期9卷 626-638页

作者： Jing-Jing chen Xiao Liang Fen Wang Yan-Hua Wen tian-jiao chen Wan-Cang Liu Ting Gong Jin-Ling Yang Ping Zhu State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & NHC Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Taxol is a 'blockbuster' antitumor drug produced by Taxus species with extremely low amount, while its analogue 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol is generally much higher in the plants. Both the fungal enzymes LXYL-P1à1 and LXYL-P1à2 can convert 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol into10-deacetyltaxol for Taxol semi-synthesis. Of them, LXYL-P1à2 is twice more active than LXYLP1à1, but there are only 11 significantly different amino acids in terms of the polarity and acidic-basic properties between them. In this study, single and multiple site-directed mutations at the 11 sites from LXYL-P1à1 to LXYL-P1à2 were performed to define the amino acids with upward bias in activities and to acquire variants with improved catalytic properties. Among all the 17 mutants, E12(A72 T/V91 S) was the most active and even displayed 2.8-and 3-fold higher than LXYL-P1à2 on β-xylosidase andβ-glucosidase activities. The possible mechanism for such improvement was proposed by homology modeling and molecular docking between E12 and 7-β-xylosyl-10-deacetyltaxol. The recombinant yeast GS115-P1 E12-7 was constructed by introducing variant E12, the molecular chaperone gene pdi and the bacterial hemoglobin gene vhb. This engineered yeast rendered 4 times higher biomass enzyme activity than GS115-3.5 K-P1à2 that had been used for demo-scale fermentation. Thus, GS115-P1 E12-7 becomes a promising candidate to replace GS115-3.5 K-P1à2 for industrial purpose.

关键词： β-Glycosidases Combinatorial mutation Improved catalytic property Molecular docking Engineered yeast Taxol

Sedimentary dynamics and depositional model for mud accumulation in deep lake basins:A case study in the Upper Triassic Chang-7 Member, Ordos Basin, northern China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 775-792页

作者： Wei Yu Feng Wang Jing-Chun tian jiao Wang Benjamin Kneller tian Yang Wei-Zhen chen College of Petroleum Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology Key Laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources Chengdu University of Technology Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology University of Aberdeen School of Geoscience

Shales in deep lake basins have become the main focus of continental shale oil and gas exploration. In order to highlight the sedimentary dynamics of mud deposition in deep lake basins, a combination of core observation, thin section examination, X-ray diffraction, and QEMSCAN(quantitative evaluation of minerals by scanning electron microscopy) was used to analyze the depositional characteristics of mudrocks in the Chang-7 Member from the Yanchang Formation(Upper Triassic) in Ordos Basin, and to establish a depositional model for mud accumulation in deep lake basins. This study recognizes four mudrock lithofacies in the Chang-7 Member:(1) the laminated silt-bearing mudstone, which generally develops a binary composition of“silt-clay” or a ternary composition of “silt-clay-organic matter”;(2) the graded mudstone, mainly composed of dark gray and gray-black mudstone sandwiched by silt-bearing mudstone;(3) the massive mudstone, internally showing a uniform distribution of quartz, clay, and carbonate minerals, with also a small amount of organic detritus; and(4) the laminated shale, which is generally composed of clay laminae, and organic laminae of the former two. Sediment supply, topographic slope, and flood intensity combine to control the evolution of gravity flows and the transport and deposition of the mudrock in the Chang-7 Member. The influence of orogeny provides terrain gradient, water depth, abundant sediments at source areas, and triggering mechanism for the formation of gravity flows. Floods triggered by wetting events provide the impetus for sediment transport. Mud deposition in the Chang-7 Member was mainly related to the transport and sedimentation of mud by hyperpycnal flows and rapid sedimentation by buoyant plume flocculation. A comprehensive evolutionary model for shale accumulation in the deep lake basin is established by integrating various triggering mechanisms and mud transport sedimentary processes.

关键词： Mudrock Sedimentary dynamics mechanism Depositional model Chang-7 Member Depression lake basin

Three Types of Isocoumarins with Unusual Carbon Skeletons from Artemisia dubia var. subdigitata and Their Antihepatoma Activity

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第16期42卷 1901-1912页

作者： Ke-Xin Yang tian-Ze Li Yun-Bao Ma Yong-Cui Wang Feng-jiao Li Ji-Jun chen State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Ten novel isocoumarins,including four pairs of enantiomers,were isolated from Artemisia dubia ***(Asteraceae).Compounds 1,2 and 3a/3b possessed a unique 6/6/6-tricyclic system comprising an unusual 1-(2-methylcyclohexyl)propan-1-one moiety fused with isocoumarin core *** 4a/4b were characterized as an unexpected 2,5-dimethylcyclohexan-1-one scaffold,and compounds 5a/5b and 6a/6b were rare 1,*** structures and absolute configurations were elucidated through spectroscopic data,X-ray crystallography,ECD and NMR calculations with DP4+*** biosynthetic pathways were proposed from the naturally occurring *** pharmacological analysis suggested that the targets of compound 1 were significantly enriched in the cell cycle and Pl3K-Akt signaling *** molecular docking revealed that compound 1 had high binding affinity with CDK2(total score:6.8717).Furthermore,compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibitory activity on three human hepatoma cell lines,with inhibitory ratios of 85.1% and 84.5%(HepG2),88.2% and 87.3%(Huh7),and 69.2% and 69.1%(SK-Hep-1)at 200μmol·L^(-1),respectively.

关键词： Artemisia dubia var.subdigitata Isocoumarins Antihepatoma activity Cancer Natural products X-ray diffraction

Frost heaving and crack initiation characteristics of tunnel rock mass in cold regions under low-temperature degradation

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期21卷 2844-2854页

作者： chen Wenhua XIANG tian School of Civil Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 202303China

Water freezing in rock fractures causes volumetric expansion and fracture development through frost *** study introduces a novel analytical model to investigate how uneven freezing force and surrounding rock pressure influence fracture initiation,based on mass conservation,elasticity,and water-ice phase transition principles.A model for rock fracture initiation considering freezing temperature,uneven freezing expansion,in-situ stress,and lateral pressure was proposed based on fracture *** for stress intensity factors were developed and validated using the phase field *** effects of rock elastic modulus anisotropy and critical fracture energy density on fracture initiation were also *** results show that the values of KI and KII exhibit an upward trend as the freezing temperature,uneven expansion,in-situ stress,and lateral pressure *** uneven freezing expansion has the most significant influence on KI and KII values among these *** the uneven freezing expansion coefficient increases to 0.5,the fracture initiation mode shifts from tensile fracture to shear *** the lateral pressure coefficient increases to 1,the fracture initiation mode shifts from tensile fracture to shear *** elastic modulus anisotropy causes fractures to propagate in a clockwise direction,forming a'butterfly'*** fracture energy density an isotropy causes counterclockwise deviation in propagation direction,resulting in branching paths and an'H'-shaped pattern.

关键词： Rock fractures Fracture water Uneven freezing expansion Phase field method Initiation angle Anisotropy