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Microseismic observations reveal that internal waves intensify seabed methane release

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3186-3203页

作者： Zhaoyang tian Yonggang JIA Junjiang zhu tian CHEN hui WANG Chunsheng JI Chengyu LIU Longyu LU Manchao HE Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting TechniquesMOE and College of Marine GeosciencesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey China Geological SurveyGuangzhou 511458China Shandong Earthquake Agency Jinan 250014China State Key Laboratory for Tunnel Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

Internal waves transport material and energy from the upper water column to the deep ocean, disturbing seabed sediments and resulting in phenomena such as seabed erosion and changes in topography. On the northern slope of the South China Sea and in many coastal margins worldwide, the zones with internal wave action closely overlap with areas where natural gas hydrates are present. However, due to significant differences in the spatial and temporal scales, understanding the influence of internal waves on methane releases from deep seabeds is challenging. In this study, in situ observations of seabed microseismicity and internal waves are conducted at water depths of 655 meters and 1450 meters in the Pearl River Canyon of the South China Sea. The microseismicity caused by internal waves and seabed methane releases is identified, and a method to establish the correlation between internal waves and seabed methane releases through the use of microseismic recordings is proposed, aiming to obtain direct observational evidence of internal waves intensifying seabed methane releases. The results show that internal waves and seabed methane releases generate significant microseismic signals, indicating the continuous influence of internal waves on the deep seabed of the northern slope of the South China Sea and revealing active methane release phenomena on the seabed. At both long and short time scales, internal waves increase the frequency of seabed methane releases by 4.2 times and 2.4 times, respectively, while also enhancing the intensity of these releases. These changes are influenced by the alterations in seabed flow velocity, pressure, and temperature that are induced by internal wave activities. This study emphasizes that microseismic signals are effective carriers of information for multiscale geological processes on seabeds and suggests that internal waves exacerbate marine geological hazards and contribute to global climate change by intensifying seabed methane relea

关键词： Internal waves Seabed methane release Microseismic observation Ocean bottom seismometer Northern slope of the South China Sea

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Optic neuropathy and increased retinal glial fibrillary acidic protein due to microbead-induced ocular hypertension in the rabbit

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第12期9卷 1732-1739页

作者： Jun Zhao tian-hui zhu Wen-Chie Chen Shi-Ming Peng Xiao Sheng Huang Kin-Sang Cho Dong Feng Chen Guer-Sheung Liu School of Ophthalmology & Optometry Affiliated to Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518040 Guangdong Province China Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Shenzhen 518040 Guangdong Province China Department of Ophthalmology Schepens Eye Research Institute Massachusetts Eye and Ear Harvard Medical School Boston 02114 USA Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital East Melbourne 3002 Australia Ophthalmology Department of Surgery University of Melbourne East Melbourne 3002 Australia

AIM： To characterize whether a glaucoma model with chronic elevation of the intraocular pressure （IOP） was able to be induced by anterior chamber injection of microbeads in ***： In order to screen the optimal dose of microbead injection, IOP was measured every 3d for 4wk using handheld applanation tonometer after a single intracameral injection of 10 μL, 25 μL, 50 μL or 100 μL microbeads （5×10^6 beads/mL; n=6/group） in New Zealand White rabbits. To prolong IOP elevation, two intracameral injections of 50 μL microbeads or phosphate buffer saline （PBS） were made respectively at days 0 and 21 （n=24/group）. The fellow eye was not treated. At 5wk after the second injection of microbeads or PBS, bright-field microscopy and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） were used to assess the changes in the retina. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） in the retina was evaluated by immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot at 5wk after the second injection of ***： Following a single intracameral injection of 10 μL, 25 μL, 50 μL or 100 μL microbead, IOP levels showed a gradual increase and a later decrease over a 4wk period after a single injection of microbead into the anterior chamber of rabbits. A peak IOP was observed at day 15 after injection. No significant difference in peak value of IOP was found between 10 μL and 25 μL groups （17.13±1.25 mm Hg vs 17.63±0.74 mm Hg; P=0.346）. The peak value of IOP from 50 μL group （23.25±1.16 mm Hg） was significantly higher than 10 μL and 25 μL groups （all P〈0.05）. Administration of 100 μL microbead solution （23.00±0.93 mm Hg） did not lead to a significant increase in IOP compared to the 50 μL group （P=0.64）. A prolonged elevated IOP duration up to 8wk was achieved by administering two injections of 50 μL microbeads （20.48±1.21 mm Hg vs 13.60±0.90 mm Hg in PBS-injected group; P〈0.05）. The bright-field and TEM were used to assess the changes of retinal

关键词： microbead ocular hypertension optic neuropathy glial fibrillary acidic protein rabbit

Exogeneous metal ions as therapeutic agents in cardiovascular disease and their delivery strategies

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第2期3卷 1-16页

作者： Xiaoqian Hong Geer tian Yang zhu Tanchen Ren Department of Cardiology of the Second Affliated Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Transvascular Implantation Devices Cardiovascular Key Laboratory of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310o09China Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310053China MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Metal ions participate in many metabolic processes in the human body,and their homeostasis is crucial for *** cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),the equilibriums of metal ions are frequently interrupted,which are related to a variety of disturbances of physiological processes leading to abnormal cardiac *** supplement of metal ions has the potential to work as therapeutic strategies for the treatment of *** with other therapeutic drugs,metal ions possess broad availability,good stability and safety and diverse drug delivery *** delivery strategies of metal ions are important to exert their ther-apeutic effects and reduce the potential toxic side effects for cardiovascular applications,which are also receiving increasing *** local delivery strategies for metal ions based on various biomaterials are constantly being *** this review,we comprehensively summarized the positive roles of metal ions in the treatment of cVDs from three aspects:protecting cells from oxidative stress,inducing angiogenesis,and adjusting the functions of ion *** addition,we introduced the transferability of metal ions in vascular reconstruction and cardiac tissue repair,as well as the currently available engineered strategies for the precise delivery of metal ions,such as integrated with nanoparticles,hydrogels and scaffolds.

关键词： metal ions cardiovascular disease tissue engineering oxidative stress angiogenesis ion channel

New‑Generation Ferroelectric AlScN Materials

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 88-118页

作者： Yalong Zhang Qiuxiang zhu Bobo tian Chungang Duan Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices Ministry of EducationShanghai Center of Brain‑Inspired Intelligent Materials and DevicesDepartment of ElectronicsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006ShanxiPeople’s Republic of China

Ferroelectrics have great potential in the field of nonvolatile memory due to programmable polarization states by external electric field in nonvolatile ***,complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatibility and uniformity of ferroelectric performance after size scaling have always been two thorny issues hindering practical application of ferroelectric memory *** emerging ferroelectricity of wurtzite structure nitride offers opportunities to circumvent the *** review covers the mechanism of ferroelectricity and domain dynamics in ferroelectric AlScN *** performance optimization of AlScN films grown by different techniques is summarized and their applications for memories and emerging in-memory computing are ***,the challenges and perspectives regarding the commercial avenue of ferroelectric AlScN are discussed.

关键词： AlScN Ferroelectrics Nonvolatile memory In-memory computing

Neg-Entropy Mechanism as a Target for Natural Medicines

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Engineering 2024年第7期38卷 11-12页

作者： tian-Le Gao hui-hui Guo Jian-Dong Jiang Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

Current strategies for drug discovery research mainly focus on molecular targets,in which structure biology plays a central role,such as the detailed mechanism of a drug-target *** principle of this approach is the presumed molecular mechanism or genetic background of the disease being *** this approach has brought progress in understanding the mode of action for some drugs,most prevalent illnesses-especially chronic diseases-are multifactorial and present with a group of symptoms,as is often the case in cardiovascular diseases,metabolic disorders,cancers,and so *** newly emerging term“multi-morbidity”(i.e.,multiple co-occurring diseases)describes a grand challenge for this strategy,and successful drug intervention for multimorbidity should be multifaceted[1].So,our research team has shifted its attention to a new direction that views the disease as a whole instead of a single-molecule abnormality,and focusing on drugs with multiple targets.

关键词： drugs diseases cardiovascular

3D printing in space:from mechanical structures to living tissues

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 378-387页

作者： Mao Mao Zijie Meng Xinxin Huang hui zhu Lei Wang Xiaoyong tian Jiankang He Dichen Li Bingheng Lu State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China National Medical Products Administration(NMPA)Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Additive Manufacturing Medical Devices Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China National Innovation Platform(Center)for Industry-Education Integration of Medical Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049People’s Republic of China National Innovation Institute of Additive Manufacturing Xi’an 710000People’s Republic of China

3D printing stands at the forefront of transforming space exploration,offering unprecedented on-demand and rapid manufacturing *** adeptly addresses challenges such as mass reduction,intricate component fabrication,and resource *** the obstacles posed by microgravity and extreme environments,continual advancements underscore the pivotal role of 3D printing in aerospace *** its primary function of producing space structures,3D printing contributes significantly to progress in electronics,biomedicine,and resource *** perspective delves into the technological advantages,environmental challenges,development status,and opportunities of 3D printing in *** its crucial impact,we anticipate that 3D printing will unlock innovative solutions,reshape manufacturing practices,and foster self-sufficiency in future space endeavors.

关键词： 3D printing in space space manufacturing microgravity

Experimental Study of Electrical‑Assisted Nanomachining of Monocrystalline Copper Using Customized Tungsten Tip

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第2期7卷 60-75页

作者： Tao Wang Yanling tian Zhilai Lu Weijie Wang Zhao Zhang Guangwei zhu hui Tang Dawei Zhang Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

As a promising micro/nanofabrication method,electrical-assisted nanomachining has obtained substantial attention due to its high material removal rate and attainable superior surface *** this study,a rectangular wave electrical signal was applied for nanomachining by a customized tungsten *** to the coupling effect between the electric field and mechanical force,the cutting depth of the machined grooves can be *** electrical-assisted groove processing,a depth of 270 nm and an aspect ratio of 0.6 on the copper sample can be *** influence of operation parameters including applied voltage,frequency,duty ratio,normal force and cutting speed on the machining performance was investigated in terms of the groove depth,width,aspect ratio,and surface *** potential machining mechanisms should be a combination of electric field force,nanoscale electric discharge,electric contact thermal effects,possible annealing behavior,and scraping and plowing actions induced by mechanical forces.

关键词： Tip-based nanofabrication Electrical-assisted machining Nanoscale scratching Machining parameters

Systematic study of the synthesis of heavy and superheavy nuclei in 48Ca-induced fusion-evaporation reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 157-172页

作者： Shi-Hao zhu tian-Liang Zhao Xiao-Jun Bao Department of Physics Collaborative Innovation Center for Quantum EffectsKey Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of EducationHunan Normal UniversityChangsha410081China School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China

We systematically studied the evaporation residue cross sections of ^(48)Ca-induced reactions on lanthanide and actinide target nuclei under the Dinuclear System(DNS)model framework to check the reliability and applicability of the *** produce new proton-rich Fl and Lv isotopes through hot fusion reactions in the superheavy element region with Z≥104,we utilized the reactions ^(48)Ca+^(236,238,239) Pu and ^(48)Ca+^(242,243,244,250) ***,owing to the detection limit of available equipment(0.1 pb),only 283Fl and 287−289Lv,which have the maximum evaporation residue cross section values of 0.149,0.130,9.522,and 0.309 pb,respectively,can be ***,to produce neutron-deficient isotopes of actinides near the proton drip line with Z=93−100,we attempted to generate the new isotopes(224−227Pu,228−232,237Cm)using the reactions ^(48)Ca+180,182,183 W and ^(48)Ca+^(184,186,187,192) *** maximum evaporation residue cross section values are 0.07,0.06,0.26,and 0.30 nb for the former set of reactions,and 1.96 pb,5.73 pb,12.16 pb,19.39 pb,54.79 pb,and 6.45 nb for the latter,*** results are expected to provide new information for the future synthesis of unknown neutron-deficient isotopes.

关键词： Dinuclear system(DNS)model Evaporation residue cross section Neutron-deficient isotopes

Recent progresses in thermal treatment of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) single crystals and devices

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1659-1677页

作者： Yuchao Yan zhu Jin hui Zhang Deren Yang State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Power Semiconductor Materials and Devices ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation CenterHangzhou 311200China

In recent years,ultra-wide bandgap β-Ga_(2)O_(3) has emerged as a fascinating semiconductor material due to its great potential in power and photoelectric *** semiconductor industrial,thermal treatment has been widely utilized as a convenient and effective approach for substrate property modulation and device ***,a thorough summary of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) substrates and devices behaviors after high-temperature treatment should be *** this review,we present the recent advances in modulating properties of β-Ga_(2)O_(3) substrates by thermal treatment,which include three major applications:(ⅰ)tuning surface electrical properties,(ⅱ)modifying surface morphology,and(ⅲ)oxidating ***,regulating electrical contacts and handling with radiation damage and ion implantation have also been discussed in device *** each category,universal annealing conditions were speculated to figure out the corresponding problems,and some unsolved questions were proposed *** review could construct a systematic thermal treatment strategy for various purposes and applications of β-Ga_(2)O_(3).

关键词： β-gallium oxide thermal treatment substrates devices