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Effect of negative remodeling of the side branch ostium on the efficacy of a two-stent strategy for distal left main bifurcation lesions:an intravascular ultrasound study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 506-522页

作者： Yi xu tian xu Jia-Cong NONG Xiao-Han KONG Meng-Yao ZHAO Zhi-Jing GAO Yi-Fei WANG Wei YOU Pei-Na MENG Yu-He ZHOU Xiang-Qi WU Zhi-Ming WU Mei-En ZHAN Yan-Qing WANG De-Feng PAN Fei YE Department of Cardiology Nanjing First HospitalNanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Cardiology Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina Department of Cardiology Tianchang People’s HospitalTianchangChina Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina

OBJECTIVES To investigate whether negative remodeling(NR)detected by intravascular ultrasound(IVUS)of the side branch ostium(SBO)would affect in-stent neointimal hyperplasia(NIH)at the one-year follow-up and the clinical outcome of target lesion failure(TLF)at the long-term follow-up for patients with left main bifurcation(LMb)lesions treated with a two-stent strategy.METHODS A total of 328 patients with de novo true complex LMb lesions who underwent a 2-stent strategy of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment guided by IVUS were enrolled in this study.We divided the study into two phases.Of all the patients,48 patients who had complete IVUS detection pre-and post-PCI and at the 1-year follow-up were enrolled in phase I analysis,which aimed to analyze the correlation between NR and in-stent NIH at SBO at the 1-year follow-up.If the correlation was confirmed,the cutoff value of the remodeling index(RI)for predicting NIH≥50%was analyzed next.The phase II analysis focused on the incidence of TLF as the primary endpoint at the 1-to 5-year follow-up for all 328 patients by grouping based on the cutoff value of RI.RESULTS In phase I:according to the results of a binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis,the RI cutoff value predicting percent NIH≥50%was 0.85 based on the ROC curve analysis,with a sensitivity of 85.7%,a specificity of 88.3%,and an AUC of 0.893(0.778,1.000),P=0.002.In phase II:the TLR rate(35.8%vs.5.3%,P<0.0001)was significantly higher in the several NR(sNR,defined as RI≤0.85)group than in the non-sNR group.CONCLUSION The NR of LCxO is associated with more in-stent NIH post-PCI for distal LMb lesions with a 2-stent strategy,and NR with RI≤0.85 is linked to percent NIH area≥50%at the 1-year follow-up and more TLF at the 5-year follow-up.

关键词： lesions remodeling intravascular

Women’s empowerment and food consumption:Evidence from female-headed households in Tanzania

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 457-467页

作者： Mosses Lufuke xu tian College of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Economics The University of DodomaDodoma 41218Tanzania College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Academy of Global Food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Despite the growing recognition of women’s increasing role in the household and corresponding empowerment programs in sub-Saharan Africa,intensive research on the relationship between women’s influence and household food consumption is minimal.Using the most recent(2017-2018)national household survey data from Tanzania,this study examined the influence of women’s empowerment on household food consumption.First,we compared the monthly consumption of eight food categories between female-headed households(FHHs)and male-headed households(MHHs)using both descriptive statistics and the propensity score matching(PSM)method.Furthermore,we adopted the two-stage Linear Expenditure System and Almost Ideal Demand System model(LES-AIDS)to estimate income and price elasticities for the two household types.The results show that FHHs consume bread and cereals,fish,oils and fats,vegetables,and confectionery(sugar,jam,honey,chocolate,etc.)more than MHHs.Moreover,FHHs have a significantly higher income elasticity of demand for all food groups than MHHs.They are also more price elastic than MHHs in meat,fish,oils,fats,sugar,jam,honey,chocolate,etc.

关键词： women’s empowerment food consumption income elasticity price elasticity

Associations of daily sedentary behavior,physical activity,and sleep with irritable bowel syndrome:A prospective analysis of 362,193 participants

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 72-80页

作者： xu Gao Sifan tian Ninghao Huang Gang Sun Tao Huang Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Background:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)substantially affects quality of life and requires early prevention.This study aimed to elucidate the relationships between IBS and daily behaviors,including sedentary behavior(SB),physical activity(PA),and sleep.In particular,it seeks to identify healthy behaviors to reduce IBS risk,which previous studies have rarely addressed.Methods:Daily behaviors were retrieved from self-reported data of 362,193 eligible UK Biobank participants.Incident cases were determined by self-report or health care data according to RomeⅣcriteria.Results:A total of 345,388 participants were IBS-free at baseline,during a median follow-up of 8.45 years,19,885 incident IBS cases were recorded.When examined individually,SB and shorter(≤7 h/day)or longer(>7 h/day)sleep duration were each positively associated with increased IBS risk,and PA was associated with lower IBS risk.The isotemporal substitution model suggested that replacing SB with other activities could provide further protective effects against IBS risk.Among people sleeping≤7 h/day,replacing 1 h of SB with equivalent light PA,vigorous PA,or sleep was associated with 8.1%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.901-0.937),5.8%(95%CI:0.896-0.991),and 9.2%(95%CI:0.885-0.932)reduced IBS risk,respectively.For people sleeping>7 h/day,light and vigorous PA were associated with a 4.8%(95%CI:0.926-0.978)and a 12.0%(95%CI:0.815-0.949)lower IBS risk,respectively.These benefits were mostly independent of genetic risk for IBS.Conclusion:SB and unhealthy sleep duration are risk factors for IBS.A promising way to mitigate IBS risk for individuals sleeping≤7 h/day and for those sleeping>7 h/day appears to be by replacing SB with adequate sleep or vigorous PA,respectively,regardless of the genetic predisposition of IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Isotemporal substitution model Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

Inhibition of Defect-Induced Ice Nucleation, Propagation, and Adhesion by Bioinspired Self-Healing Anti-Icing Coatings

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 237-246页

作者： Shu tian Ruiqi Li Xinmeng Liu Jiancheng Wang Junyu Yu Sijia xu Yunqing tian Jing Yang Lei Zhang Department of Biochemical Engineering Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(MOE)School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Binzhou Institute of Technology Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology ParkBinzhou CityShandong Province 256606China

Anti-icing coatings on outdoor infrastructures inevitably suffer from mechanical injuries in numerous icing scenarios such as hailstorms,sandstorms,impacts of foreign objects,and icing–deicing cycles.Herein,the mechanisms of surface-defect-induced icing are clarified.At the defects,water molecules exhibit stronger adsorption and the heat transfer rate increases,accelerating the condensation of water vapor as well as ice nucleation and propagation.Moreover,the ice–defect interlocking structure increases the ice adhesion strength.Thus,a self-healing(at−20℃)antifreeze-protein(AFP)-inspired anti-icing coating is developed.The coating is based on a design that mimics the ice-binding and non-ice-binding sites in AFPs.It enables the coating to markedly inhibit ice nucleation(nucleation temperature<−29.4℃),prevent ice propagation(propagation rate<0.00048 cm^(2)/s),and reduce ice adhesion on the surface(adhesion strength<38.9 kPa).More importantly,the coating can also autonomously self-heal at−20℃,as a result of multiple dynamic bonds in its structure,to inhibit defect-induced icing processes.The healed coating sustains high anti-icing and deicing performance even under various extreme conditions.This work reveals the in-depth mechanism of defect-induced ice formation as well as adhesion,and proposes a self-healing anti-icing coating for outdoor infrastructures.

关键词： coating defect clarified

Gut-targeted therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： tian-Cheng xu Yun Liu Zhi Yu Bin xu Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjing 210023Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance.The global prevalence of T2DM has reached epidemic proportions,affecting approximately 463 million adults worldwide in 2019.Current treatments for T2DM include lifestyle modifications,oral antidiabetic agents,and insulin therapy.However,these therapies may carry side effects and fail to achieve optimal glycemic control in some patients.Therefore,there is a growing interest in the role of gut microbiota and more gut-targeted therapies in the management of T2DM.The gut microbiota,which refers to the community of microorganisms that inhabit the human gut,has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.Alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity have been observed in T2DM patients,with a reduction in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pathogenic bacteria.This dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease by promoting inflammation and impairing gut barrier function.Several gut-targeted therapies have been developed to modulate the gut microbiota and improve glycemic control in T2DM.One potential approach is the use of probio-tics,which are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts.Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that certain probiotics,such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species,can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients.Mechanisms may include the production of short-chain fatty acids,the improvement of gut barrier function,and the reduction of inflammation.Another gut-targeted therapy is fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT),which involves the transfer of fecal material from a healthy donor to a recipient.FMT has been used successfully in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection and is now being investigated as a potential therapy for T2DM.A recent randomized controlled trial showed that FMT from lea

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Gastroenterology Bacteria Implanted device

The effects of cool materials,façade orientation,and morphological parameters on energy consumption at the residential neighborhood scale

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Building Simulation 2024年第4期17卷 525-542页

作者： Fusuo xu Dongdong tian Zhi Gao Jianshun Jensen Zhang Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13210USA School of Architecture and Urban Planning Nanjing University22 Hankou RoadNanjingJiangsu Province210093China

Building surface cool materials are novel materials that can reduce urban heat island intensity and decrease building energy consumption.This study investigated the impact of radiative properties of materials,façade orientation,and morphological parameters on energy consumption in six typical residential neighborhoods in Nanjing,China.The neighborhood energy consumption of 16 application schemes considering the façade orientation factor is compared to determine the best energy-saving scheme.Seasonal and annual energy-saving rates,savings in electricity costs,and the price ceiling for materials per unit area are analyzed.The results show that for low-rise buildings,using cool materials only on the roof can reduce the annual energy consumption by 1%.When cool or super cool materials are also used on the building façade,the annual energy saving rate can be up to 3.4%and 4.3%,respectively.Using cool materials on the south façade of buildings is not recommended due to significant heat loss in winter.Considering savings in electricity costs and the price ceiling for materials per unit area,the price of cool and super cool materials should be less than 3.0 and 3.7 RMB/m2,respectively,assuming a lifespan of eight years in Nanjing.

关键词： cool materials building energy saving neighborhood morphology façade orientation

Growth,optical dispersion and magnetic behavior of Dy^(3+) doped yttrium iron garnet crystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1110-1117,I0004页

作者： Yating Fang Hui Shen Yudie Ma Shijie Liao Shuang Xia tian tian Ding Zhou Yunfeng Ma Jiayue xu Institute of Crystal Growth School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Institute of Technology National Engineering Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials School of Electronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Y_(3)Fe_(5)O_(12)(YIG)crystals are highly desirable for the fabrication of mid-infrared isolators with the rapid growth of optical communications,although it is rather challenging to grow large size and high-quality single crystals.Dy^(3+)doping is expected to improve the optical and magneto-optical prope rties.However,high quality Dy:YIG crystals and the adjustment of Dy^(3+)on the structure and optical behavior of YIG crystal remain unclear,impeding its practical applications.Herein,a series of Y_(3-x)Dy_(x)Fe_(5)O_(12)(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,3)solid solution crystals was grown by the flux-Bridgman method and single crystals up to 25 mm were obtained.With the introduction of Dy^(3+),lattice parameters are gradually enlarged from 1.2379 nm(YIG)to 1.2420 nm(DyIG).Typical Dy^(3+)absorption peaks are observed around 1070,1265 and 1670 nm.The refractive index decreases from 2.37(500 nm)to 2.10(2500 nm)for YIG crystal,and it reduces from 2.47(500 nm)to 2.16(2500 nm)for DyIG crystal.The optical bandgaps remain almost unchanged for Dy:YIG crystals.The optical dispersion of the refractive indices was finely fitted by the Wemple and DiDomenico(WDD)and the Sellmeier models,respectively.With the increase of Dy^(3+)content,the saturation magnetization(Ms)decreases significantly from 23.62 emu/g(YIG)to 5.33 emu/g(DyIG).Small coercive field is persisted for this system,endowing small external magnetic field.These results provide valuable references for the manipulation of rare earths on the properties of magnetooptical crystals,which is beneficial to the design of high-performance garnet crystals for the application of optical switching and non-reciprocal related devices.

关键词： Magneto-optical crystal Yttrium iron garnet Dy^(3+)doping Crystal growth Optical dispersion Rare earths

Research on the Relationship Between Environmental and Economic Coupling Systems in Bohai Bay Area Based on a Vector Autoregression(VAR)Model

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 557-566页

作者： CAO Huimin WANG Ping ZHANG Surong xu Dongpo tian Weijun Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Business School Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266100China

This study analyzed the impact of land-based contaminants and tertiary industrial structure on economic development in the selected Bohai Bay area,China.Based on panel data spanning 2011-2020,a vector autoregressive(VAR)model is used to analyze and forecast the short-run and long-run relationships between three industrial structures,pollutant discharge,and economic development.The results showed that the environmental index had a long-term cointegration relationship with the industrial structure economic index.Per capital chemical oxygen demand(PCOD)and per capita ammonia nitrogen(PNH_(3)N)had a positive impact on delta per capita GDP(dPGDP),while per capita solid waste(PSW),the secondary industry rate(SIR)and delta tertiary industry(dTIR)had a negative impact on dPGDP.The VAR model under this coupling system had stability and credibility.The impulse response results showed that the short-term effect of the coupling system on dPGDP was basically consistent with the Granger causality test results.In addition,variance decomposition was used in this study to predict the long-term impact of the coupling system in the next ten periods(i.e.,ten years).It was found that dTIR had a great impact on dPGDP,with a contribution rate as high as 74.35%in the tenth period,followed by the contribution rate of PCOD up to 3.94%,while the long-term contribution rates of PSW,SIR and PNH3N were all less than 1%.The results show that the government should support the development of the tertiary industry to maintain the vitality of economic development and prevent environmental deterioration.

关键词： Bohai Bay area environmental pollution industrial structure cointegration theory VAR model impulse response

Increasing impacts of fire air pollution on public and ecosystem health

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 11-12页

作者： xu Yue Yihan Hu Chenguang tian Rongbin xu Wenhua Yu Yuming Guo Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Climate Air Quality Research UnitSchool of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3004Australia

Wildfire episodes have become more frequent and severe in recent years.1 Record-breaking fires devastated the Arctic,Amazon,and Australia in 2019–2020.This year,fires began in Canada in May and lasted for several months,resulting in an area burned of 16.5 million hectares by early September.This size is 6–7 times the annual fire area for a normal year in Canada.The favorable fire weather for burning and spread lasted for months(https://cwfis.***.nrcan.***.ca/maps/fw).Furthermore,most Canadian fires occur in remote regions far from firefighting facilities,causing fire extinction to be difficult.Unfortunately,such“unprecedented”fire events occurred routinely in boreal regions between 2020 and 2023,although the locations varied from year to year(Figure 1).

关键词： Canada pollution Figure