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Malware Detection Using Deep Learning

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2023年第12期13卷 2480-2491页

作者： Achi Harrisson Thiziers Koné tiémoman N’guessan Behou Gérard Traoré ti.moko Qouddouss Kabir Unité de Recherche et d’Expertise Numérique (UREN) Université Virtuelle de C&#244te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Malware represents a real threat to information systems, because of the damage it causes. This threat is growing today, as these programs take on more complex forms. This means they escape traditional malware detection methods. Hence the need for artificial intelligence, more specifically Deep Learning, which could detect malware more effectively. In this article, we’ve proposed a model for malware detection using artificial neural networks. Our approach used data from the characteristics of machines, particularly computers, to train our Deep Learning algorithm. This model demonstrated an accuracy of around 83% in predicting the presence of malware on a machine. Thus, the use of artificial neural networks for malware detection has shown his ability to assimilate complex, non-linear patterns from data.

关键词： Neural Network ANNs Malicious Code Malware Analysis Artificial Intelligence

Scrotal Trauma in a Motorcycle Accident Leading to a Partial Orchidectomy: Case Report

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Open Journal of Urology 2023年第12期13卷 559-564页

作者： tiéoulé Mamadou traore Stéphane Kohpe Kapseu Fred Dikongue Dikongue Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Ouahigouya Université Ouahigouya/UFRSS Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Cliniques Universitaires des Montagnes Surgery Department Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Département de Chirurgie et Spécialités Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Pharmaceutiques Université de Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Scrotal trauma in motorcycle accidents (STMA) is a rare entity in the literature. In general, trauma to the genitals is not life-threatening. However, STMA can cause rupture of the testis with consequences that can lead to alteration of sexuality and reproduction. We present an STMA case managed in a rural hospital where various types of injuries arise from motorcycle accidents. A 20-year-old man without any previous pathology presented in our hospital with a swollen painful scrotum. One week prior to presentation, the patient with a speeding motorbike drove over a speed bump, and the frame of his motorcycle broke into two halves, violently striking his genitals and causing scrotal trauma. After examination and investigation, patient has consented to scrotal exploration which was carried out. A partial left orchidectomy was performed and the right testicle was healthy. The evolution was favorable and the patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day. Prognosis at 6 months was good. It is possible that genital trauma related to motorcycle accidents will become more frequent in the future. This underscores the importance of educating motorcyclists to respect the Highway Code;and making practitioners aware of the risk of serious injury in the event of acute scrotal trauma.

关键词： Scrotal Trauma Motorcycle Accident Orchidectomy Case Report

Study of Complications of Traditional Treatment. <br/>Member Fractures

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Surgical Science 2020年第10期11卷 289-297页

作者： Louis traore Laye Toure Moussa Sidibe Mamadou Diallo Aboul Kadri Moussa Mamadou Bassirou traore tiéman Coulibaly Service de Chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Service de Chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique Hopital Regional de Sikasso Bamako Mali

Introduction: Since the times of our ancestors, traditional medicine has existed to cure all diseases [1]. The objective of this study was to assess the complications of traditional fracture treatment. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective study extending from January 01, 2018 to June 30, 2018, duration of six months. It concerned patients who had traditionally been treated beforehand for traumas with bone lesion in a traditional therapist and who had developed a complication, the definitive management of which was made in the department. Results: This study involved 102 patients, including 71 men (69.6%), with a sex ratio of 2.2. 33 patients or 32.4% were under 15 years old. The average of our patients’ age was 29.61 years with extremes of 2 and 89 years. Pupils/students (44 pupils and 5 students) were the most represented with 49 cases or 48.1% of the cases. The majority of patients (59.8% of cases) were educated or had a basic level. The majority of patients (36.3%) came as motif for a painful swelling. Gangrene was the most common complication with 37 cases or 36.3% of cases. Conclusion: At the end of our study, we have noticed that the traditional preliminary treatment of fractures was based mainly on trial and error. Practicing with inadequate means and measures without respecting the anatomical structures, is a real source of disabling handicaps. We have recorded 38, among the 102 patients who came for a complication of traditional treatment: that is 45.2% amputation, which is deplorable.

关键词： Fracture Complications Traditional Treatments

Gangrene of the External Genitalia at the Regional University Hospital Center of Ouahigouya: Epidemiological Profile and Therapeutic Aspects

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第6期10卷 184-191页

作者： tiéoulé Mamadou traore Clô taire Alexis Marie Kiemdiba Donega Yameogo Moussa Kabore Souleymane Ouedraogo Service de chirurgie du CHU régional de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Service d’urologie du CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Ouaga Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Gangrene of extern genitary organs is a rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis of the perineum and external genitalia that results from a polymicrobial infection. Mortality remains high despite advances in resuscitation. We report the experience of the surgery department of the Regional University Hospital Center (CHUR) of Ouahigouya in order to describe the epidemiological profile and the therapeutic aspects of GOGE. Patients and methods: We carried out a descriptive and analytical retrospective study collecting 41 cases of Fournier’s gangrene treated over 63 months (from March 2013 to July 2018) in the surgical department of the Ouahigouya regional university hospital center. Ethical clearance was taken from the institutional ethics committee. Results: The mean age of the patients was 65.02 ± 17.92 years with extremes of 23 years and 95 years. All patients were male. Urologic causes were the most common with 36.58% of cases. The average consultation time was 15.44 ± 16.04 days with extremes of 1 day and 60 days. All patients received resuscitation, bi or triantibiotherapy and surgical debridement. The mortality rate was 24.39%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 10.83 ± 6.257 days with extremes of 1 day and 60 days. Conclusion: The Fournier’s gangrene always has a very high lethality. Improving the prognosis requires fast and effective management.

关键词： Fournier’s Gangrene Epidemiology Emergency Mortality

Epidemiology of Urological Emergencies at the Regional University Hospital Center of Ouahigouya, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第6期10卷 177-183页

作者： Mamadou tiéoulé traore Clô taire Alexis Marie Kiemdiba Donega Yameogo Moussa Kabore Souleymane Ouedraogo Service de chirurgie du CHU régional de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Service d’urologie du CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo Ouagadougou Ouaga Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Introduction: Urological emergencies are less frequent compared to other emergencies, particularly traumatological and digestive emergencies. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of urological emergencies in a regional hospital in Burkina Faso. Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of urological emergencies admitted to the Surgical Department of the Ouahigouya Regional University Hospital in Burkina Faso over a period of 41 months. The study covered a 41-month period from March 2015 to July 2018. Ethical clearance was taken from the institutional ethics committee. Results: Urological emergencies accounted for 3.7% of all emergencies. The mean age of the patients was 56.59 ± 25.93 years (range 1 year - 95 years). The sex ratio was 12.05. Bladder urinary retention was the main urological emergency in 48.28% of cases. Suprapubic cystostomy was the most performed surgical procedure (56.25%) followed by debridement of external genitalia gangrene (27.68%). Conclusion: Urological emergencies occupy a significant place in our work context. An increase in the number of urologists would improve their management.

关键词： Epidemiology Urological Emergencies Retention Cystostomy

Medical Expulsive Therapy (MET) for Large Distal Ureteral Stones: A Prospective Study Comparing Three Drugs

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Open Journal of Urology 2020年第5期10卷 152-157页

作者： Mourad Dali Khereddine traore Mamadou tiéoulé Kacem Aziz Chaker Kays Ben Rhouma Sellami Ahmed Nouira Yassine Service d’urologie de Hospital la Rabta Tunis Tunisia Service d’urologie de l’Hôpital de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Introduction: One of the most common disorders of the urinary tract is Urolithiasis. Twenty percent of lithiasis are located in the ureter of which 68% are seen in the distal ureter. The concept of medical expulsive therapy (MET) has been developed with enough knowledge of the ureter physiology in order to make easier the spontaneous expulsion of the stone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different drugs for the treatment of pelvic ureteral stones. Materiel and Methods: Between October 2017 and November 2018, 90 adult patients presenting with low or non-obstructive pelvic ureteral stones sized 8 to 10 mm were included. They were prospectively randomized, using computer-based randomization charts, into three equal groups: treatment with ketoprofen 100 mg once daily (Group I), silodosin 8 mg once daily (Group II) and tadalafil 5 mg once daily (Group III). The aim was to compare spontaneous expulsion of stone between those drugs Results: The mean expulsion time from the start of MET was 11.5 ± 3.27 days for ketoprofen group, 10.71 ± 3.98 days for silodosin group and 10.57 ± 3.40 days for tadalafil group. But these differences were also not significant (P = 0.79). The use of analgesics (grade II) was higher in groups II and III compared to group I, but without significant difference (23.33% in group I, 33.33% in group II and 40% in group III, p = 0.38). Discussion: The overall chance of spontaneous passage is low when the stone diameter is sized more than 7 mm. A wide range of spontaneous passage rates have been reported in the literature, varying from 71% to 98% for distal ureteral stones less than 5 mm and 25% - 53% for stone sized 5 to 10 mm with a mean expulsion time of more than 10 days. Conclusion: The three drugs have a low expulsion rate for 8, 9 and 10 mm pelvic ureteral stones with a higher adverse event rate for the NSAID group.

关键词： Expulsive Therapy Ureteral Stones Drugs

Primary Prostatic Tuberculosis: A Rare Entity

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Open Journal of Urology 2022年第2期12卷 129-135页

作者： tiéoulé Mamadou traore Abdoul Kader Tapsoba Kays Chaker Amine Hermi Kheireddine Mrad Dali Mokhtar Bibi Yassine Ouanes Ahmed Sellami Sami Ben Rhouma Yassine Nouira University of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Department of Urology La Rabta Hospital Tunis Tunisia University of Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Medicine of Tunis University Tunis Manar Tunis Tunisia

Objectives: To clarify the clinical, histological and therapeutic features of prostatic tuberculosis. Methods: We conducted a single-centre retrospective descriptive study of all patients presenting with prostatic tuberculosis between January 2002 and December 2020. Patients who were lost to follow-up, could not be reached by telephone or whose records were not usable were excluded from this study. Results: 240 patients were treated for urogenital tuberculosis, including 13 for isolated prostatic tuberculosis. The average age of the patients was 75 years. None of our patients had a history of tuberculosis. The average of international prostate symptom score (IPSS) was 27. Lower urinary tract symptoms in the filling phase were predominant. The digital rectal examination was suspicious in only one patient. The mean preoperative PSA was 9.24 ng/ml. 46.15% of patients underwent transurethral resection of the prostate and 53.85% underwent ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. Histological examination showed epithelioid gigantocellular granuloma with isolated caseous necrosis in 61.53% of patients and associated adenomyomatous hyperplasia in 38.47% of patients. Antituberculosis treatment was given for 6 months. The average of follow up was 15 months. All patients reported an improvement in clinical signs with a mean post operative IPSS score of 17 and a normalisation of PSA levels. Conclusion: Isolated prostatic tuberculosis is a rare entity, it can simulate a cancer. In front of the symptoms of the lower urinary tract, the clinicians must think of it especially in the developing countries where tuberculosis still prevails in an endemic state.

关键词： Prostatic Tuberculosis Epithelioid Gigantocellular Granuloma Antituberculosis Treatment

Management of Subtalar Fractures-Dislocations at Ségou Hospital in Mali: A 7 Cases Series

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Surgical Science 2020年第4期11卷 51-60页

作者： Mahamadou Diallo Abdoul Kadri Moussa Layes Toure Louis Traoré Cheick Oumar Sanogo Terna traore Seydina Alioune Beye Abdrahamane Toure Making Mounkoro Mahamadou Kane tiéman Coulibaly Orthopedic-Trauma Service Nianankoro Fomba Hospital Ségou Mali Orthopedic-Trauma Service Gabriel Touré Hospital Bamako Mali Orthopedic-Trauma Service Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Orthopedic-Trauma Service Kati Hospital Kati Mali Anesthesia-Resuscitation Service Nianankoro Fomba Hospital Ségou Mali.

Introduction: Subtalar or peritalian dislocation is rare;it represents 15% of peritalian injuries. The aim of this study was to describe the radioclinical and therapeutic characteristics and to assess the functional result. Patients and Methods: This study is about a continuous descriptive and prospective study over a period of 5 years. It has been conducted from March 2013 to February 2018 at the Ségou Hospital, a second referral hospital in Mali. The functional results were evaluated by the score of the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS). Results: Seven cases of subtalar dislocation fractures were diagnosed in six male patients with an average age of 38 years (36 to 47 years old). In five cases the etiology of the trauma was a motorcycle accident and a fall from height. The lesion was bilateral in one case. The average time to care was 3 hours (1 to 9 hours). There was one case of open dislocation fracture with talus enucleation. The dislocation was medial in 6 cases and lateral in one case. It was pure in three cases. The treatment was orthopedic in 2 cases and surgical in 5 cases. The post-operative complications were complicated by an infection of the operative site in one case. The average length of hospital stay was 4 days. The functional result was excellent in 2 cases;good in 2 cases, fair in 2 cases and poor for 1 case. Conclusion: Subtalar dislocation is a rare and serious lesion of the posterior tarsus. The long-term prognosis depends on the earliness of treatment and the severity of the associated injuries.

关键词： Fracture Dislocation Subtalar Prognosis Treatment

Serological Profile of Hepatitis D Virus (Hepatitis Delta) in the Hepato-Gastro-Enterology Department of Chu Gabriel Toure

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期14卷 93-98页

作者： Sanra Déborah Sanogo Kadiatou Doumbia Hourouma Sow Moussa Younoussou Dicko Youssouf Oumarou Abdoulaye Berthé Sabine Drabo Luc Sidibé Makan Siré Tounkara Abdoulaye Maiga Ouatou Mallé Ganda Soumaré Anselme Konaté Moussa ti.moko Diarra Hepato-Gastroenterology Department CHU Point G Bamako Mali Hepato-Gastroenterology Department CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Infection with the defective hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infects or superinfects a patient carrying hepatitis B virus (HBV). Delta virus infection is relatively common. The seriousness of infection with the hepatitis D virus (HDV), a virus defective in a patient carrying the hepatitis B virus (HBV), lies in its aggravating effect on the associated viral hepatitis B. Our aim was to study the serological profile of HDV in HBsAg-positive patients. As this study was fragmentary, we initiated this study with the aim of investigating the serological profile of HDV in HBsAg-positive patients. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study that ran from March 2019 to February 2020, a 12-month period. It focused on the population of patients seen and screened positive for HBsAg. We obtained a frequency of 10%. The mean age of our patients was 41.8 ± 13.09 years. The sex ratio was 4.5. VHD RNA was detected in 50% of patients. In 100% of cases, the presence of VHD RNA was associated with advanced fibrosis according to the APRI score, but without any statistically significant link. All HBV-infected patients should be screened for anti-HDV Ac. HDV infection leads to rapid progression to complications of liver disease.

关键词： HBsAg VHD RNA Liver Disease