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Two paths, one goal: mechanism of calcium homeostasis to balance plant growth and immunity

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 306-308页

作者： Aziz Ul Ikram Yanping Jing Huan chen Jian chen International Genome Center Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Joint Center for Single Cell Biology School of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Calcium(Ca^(2+))is an essential nutrient and a cellular signal in *** level of free Ca^(2+)in the apoplast is~10,000-fold higher than that in the cytoplasm at the resting *** large Ca^(2+)level gradient across the membrane between the interior and exterior can cause Ca^(2+)overload and *** have evolved mechanisms to export Ca^(2+)out of the cytoplasm or store it in intracellular organelles,such as endoplasmic reticulum(ER),mitochondria,and ***,Ca^(2+)-binding proteins,including those containing the most common Ca^(2+)-binding EF-hand domains,maintain the cytosolic Ca^(2+)level by directly binding them,thus participating in Ca^(2+)***^(2+)/H+exchangers(CAXs,antiporter)and Ca^(2+)-ATPases(ACAs)are responsible for transferring Ca^(2+)from the cytosol to either the external space or intracellular stores(Bose et al.,2011).However,it is still unknown how these Ca^(2+)-scavenging transporters are activated when the cytosolic Ca^(2+)level is elevated to threshold ***“auto-regulatory”mechanism to scavenge excess cytosolic Ca^(2+),providing a guarding system to maintain cytosolic Ca^(2+)homeostasis in plants.

关键词： maintain mechanism immunity

Molecular-based porous polymers with precise sites for photoreduction of carbon dioxide

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 201-213页

作者： Wei-Jia Wang Kaihong chen College of Biological and Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and TechnologyHangzhou 310023China The Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversitySuzhou 215163China

Photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is one of the promising strategies for sustainably producing solar *** precise identification of catalytic sites and the enhancement of photocatalytic CO_(2)conversion is imperative yet quite *** critical review summarizes recent advances in porous photo-responsive polymers,including covalent organic frameworks(COFs),covalent triazine frameworks(CTFs),and conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs),those can be rationally designed from the molecular level for visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO_(2)***,special emphasis is placed on how the well-defined active sites on these polymers can influence their properties and photocatalytic *** precise regulation and control of microenvironments and electronic properties of metal active centers are crucial for boosting catalytic efficiency and selectivity,as well as for the design of better photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction.

关键词： Carbon dioxide reduction Photocatalysis Porous polymers Well-defined catalytic sites Molecular level

On-line determination of selenium compounds in tea infusion by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with a heating reaction device

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 496-500页

作者： Lu Huang Jiang Wang Hong Jiang Lanfang chen Huanwen chen Academician Workstation Jiangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanchang 330004China Suzhou Jingcheng Precision Instrument Technology Co. Ltd.Suzhou 215228China The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang 330006China

Selenium is one of the important trace elements in the human *** deficiency will directly affect human *** people's attention to health,the content of selenium in food has gradually attracted ***,detecting selenium compounds in complex samples remains a *** this work,we built an online heating-reaction *** device combines the electrospray extraction ionization mass spectrometry(EESI-MS)with the heating reaction device,which can simultaneously detect various selenium compounds in complex liquid *** acidic conditions,the sample was heated and catalyzed by a heating reaction device,so that the SeO~(2-)_(3)and O-phenylenediamine(OPD)could generate 1,3-dihydro-2,1,*** on the above reactions,we can detect organic selenium,inorganic selenium and other compounds in liquid samples by organic mass *** this experiment,we determined the content of three forms of selenium:selenomethionine(SeMet),l-selenocystine(SeCys(2)),and sodium *** calibration curves for SeMet,SeCys(2),and sodium selenite showed strong linearity within a range of 0.50-50.00μg/*** limits of detection(LOD)for the three compounds were 0.22,0.27,and 0.41μg/L,*** limits of quantification(LOQ)were 0.68,0.81,and 1.23μg/L,*** recoveries at three levels ranged from 98.8%to 106.1%.In addition,this method can simultaneously detect three selenium compounds and three other specific chemical components in tea infusion samples,providing a rapid and efficient method for identifying tea quality.

关键词： Heating reaction device Extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry Inorganic selenium Selenium compounds Tea infusion

Unifying Fixed time and Prescribed time Control for Strict-Feedback Nonlinear Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 347-355页

作者： Xiang chen Yujuan Wang Yongduan Song the State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology and School of Automation Chongqing University IEEE

This paper investigates the prescribed-time tracking control problem for a class of multi-input multi-output(MIMO)nonlinear strict-feedback systems subject to non-vanishing uncertainties. The inherent unmatched and non-vanishing uncertainties make the prescribed-time control problem become much more nontrivial. The solution to address the challenges mentioned above involves incorporating a prescribed-time filter, as opposed to a finite-time filter, and formulating a prescribed-time Lyapunov stability lemma(Lemma 5). The prescribed-time Lyapunov stability lemma is based on time axis shifting time-varying yet bounded gain, which establishes a novel link between the fixed-time and prescribed-time control method. This allows the restriction condition that the time-varying gain function must satisfy as imposed in most exist prescribed-time control works to be removed. Under the proposed control method, the desire trajectory is ensured to closely track the output of the system in prescribed time. The effectiveness of the theoretical results are verified through numerical simulation.

关键词： Prescribed-time control prescribed-time filter robust control state feedback strict-feedback systems

Exploring the mechanism of sea buckthorn polyphenols for the treatment of hyperlipidemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking

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Journal of Polyphenols 2025年第1期7卷 8-19页

作者： Yizhuo Geng Lei Zhou Haimiao chen Youdong Zhao tingxu Yan ying Jia Faculty of Functional Food and Wine Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China

The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of action of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia through network pharmacology and molecular *** TCMSP pharmacology database was used to screen the polyphenols present in sea buckthorn,and then the SwissTargetPrediction and Uniprot databases were used to obtain the potential targets of sea buckthorn polyphenols,which were supplemented by the *** total,7 polyphenols and 154 potential targets were *** GeneCards,OMIM database,1358 hyperlipidemia-related targets were *** found that there were 101 targets at the intersection of components and *** GO and KEGG enrichment analysis,27 core targets were obtained,which were AKT1,TNF,TP53,IL-6,*** order of degree value.174 pathways were obtained from KEGG enrichment analysis,including AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,fl uid shear stress and atherosclerosis,lipid and atherosclerosis,*** molecular docking of the main components to the targets was performed using OpenBabelGUI,AutoDockTools-1.5.6 ***,the results were visualized using Cytoscape 3.9.1 *** molecular docking results showed that sea buckthorn polyphenols have good binding ability with the key *** them,such as quercetin and kaempferol,have good binding ability with TNF,TP53 and *** example,TNF binds to quercetin with a binding energy of-5.34 kcal/mol and to kaempferol with a binding energy of-6.22 kcal/mol;TP53 binds to kaempferol with a binding energy of-5.32 kcal/mol;IL-6 binds to quercetin with a binding energy of-5.62 kcal/mol,***,the network pharmacology study showed that the treatment of hyperlipidemia by sea buckthorn polyphenols can be realized by multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway together,which provides some reference for the later study of sea buckthorn polyphenols in the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

关键词： molecular docking network pharmacology sea buckthorn polyphenol hyperlipidemia

Dynamic behaviors of graphene platelets-reinforced metal foam piezoelectric beams with velocity feedback control

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 63-80页

作者： Jie chen Xinyue ZHANG Mingyang FAN School of Mathematics Statistics and Mechanics Beijing University of Technology College of Mechanical & Energy Engineering Beijing University of Technology

Graphene platelets(GPLs)-reinforced metal foam structures enhance the mechanical properties while maintaining the lightweight characteristics of metal foams. Further bonding piezoelectric actuator and sensor layers on the surfaces of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams enables active vibration control, greatly expanding their applications in the aerospace industry. For the first time, this paper investigates the vibration characteristics and active vibration control of GPLs-reinforced metal foam beams with surfacebonded piezoelectric layers. The constant velocity feedback scheme is used to design the closed-loop controller including piezoelectric actuators and sensors. The effects of the GPLs on the linear and nonlinear free vibrations of the beams are numerically *** Newmark-β method combined with Newton's iteration technique is used to calculate the nonlinear responses of the beams under different load forms including harmonic loads,impact loads, and moving loads. Additionally, special attention is given to the vibration reduction performance of the velocity feedback control on the responses of the beam.

关键词： active vibration control metal foam nonlinear free vibration O341 piezoelectric material velocity feedback control

New Taub-NUT black holes with massive spin-2 hair

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 51-58页

作者： Yu-Qi chen Hai-Shan Liu Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

We consider Einstein gravity extended with quadratic curvature invariants,within which the well-known Ricci-flat Taub-NUT black hole remains a *** analysis of the unstable Lichnerowicz modes in the Taub-NUT background enables us to identify the mass and NUT parameters(m,n)where new Taub-NUT black holes can *** then adopt numerical techniques to construct these new Taub-NUT black holes,which bifurcate away from the Ricci-flat *** the Ricci-flat Taub-NUT,there can exist two new black holes for an appropriate given temperature,making it a total of three if we include the Ricci-flat one.

关键词： higher derivative gravity black hole solution Taub-NUT spacetime

Efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)to formate by a molecular noble metal-free system

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 152-156页

作者： Lihua Zhang Lingjing chen Huatian Shi Yue Wei Gui chen Tai-Chu Lau School of Environment and Civil Engineering Research Center for Eco-environmental EngineeringDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Reducing CO_(2)to carbon-neutral solar fuels can not only alleviate the energy demand but also mitigate the greenhouse *** present,developing an efficient non-noble metal photo/electrocatalytic system for converting CO_(2)to a specific product beyond CO is still a big ***,we report a new cobalt complex bearing 2,2′-bi-1,10-phenanthroline ligand that can photocatalytically reduce CO_(2)to formate(HCOO^(-)).Turnover number(TON)for HCOO^(-)up to 677 with 99%selectivity can be achieved using organic dyes purpurin as photosensitizer and 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole(BIH)as sacrificial reductant in a CO_(2)-saturated NMP/TEA(v/v,3:1)solution under visible light *** potential electrolysis at-1.41 V(***/Ag Cl)in the presence of 12 mM Et_(3)NHBF_(4)also produced HCOO^(-)with Faradaic efficiency of 39%.Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies suggest that a[CoI-H]species is the key intermediate for CO_(2)reduction.

关键词： photocatalysis noble metal-free CO_(2)reduction formate cobalt hydride

A Lightweight Multiscale Feature Fusion Network for Solar Cell Defect Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 521-542页

作者： Xiaoyun chen Lanyao Zhang Xiaoling chen Yigang Cen Linna Zhang Fugui Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

Solar cell defect detection is crucial for quality inspection in photovoltaic power generation *** the production process,defect samples occur infrequently and exhibit random shapes and sizes,which makes it challenging to collect defective ***,the complex surface background of polysilicon cell wafers complicates the accurate identification and localization of defective *** paper proposes a novel Lightweight Multiscale Feature Fusion network(LMFF)to address these *** network comprises a feature extraction network,a multi-scale feature fusion module(MFF),and a segmentation ***,a feature extraction network is proposed to obtain multi-scale feature outputs,and a multi-scale feature fusion module(MFF)is used to fuse multi-scale feature information *** order to capture finer-grained multi-scale information from the fusion features,we propose a multi-scale attention module(MSA)in the segmentation network to enhance the network’s ability for small target ***,depthwise separable convolutions are introduced to construct depthwise separable residual blocks(DSR)to reduce the model’s parameter ***,to validate the proposed method’s defect segmentation and localization performance,we constructed three solar cell defect detection datasets:SolarCells,SolarCells-S,and *** and SolarCells-S are monocrystalline silicon datasets,and PVEL-S is a polycrystalline silicon *** results show that the IOU of our method on these three datasets can reach 68.5%,51.0%,and 92.7%,respectively,and the F1-Score can reach 81.3%,67.5%,and 96.2%,respectively,which surpasses other commonly usedmethods and verifies the effectiveness of our LMFF network.

关键词： Defect segmentation multi-scale feature fusion multi-scale attention depthwise separable residual block