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Intrusion Detection Model Using Chaotic MAP for Network Coding Enabled Mobile Small Cells

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3151-3176页

作者： Chanumolu Kiran Kumar Nandhakumar ramachandran School of Computer Science and Engineering VIT-AP UniversityAmaravatiAndhra Pradesh522241India

Wireless Network security management is difficult because of the ever-increasing number of wireless network malfunctions,vulnerabilities,and *** security systems,such as Intrusion Detection Systems(IDS),are essential due to the limitations of simpler security measures,such as cryptography and *** to their compact nature and low energy reserves,wireless networks present a significant challenge for security *** features of small cells can cause threats to the *** Coding(NC)enabled small cells are vulnerable to various types of *** attacks and performing secure“peer”to“peer”data transmission is a challenging task in small *** to the low power and memory requirements of the proposed model,it is well suited to use with constrained small *** attacker cannot change the contents of data and generate a new Hashed Homomorphic Message Authentication Code(HHMAC)hash between transmissions since the HMAC function is generated using the shared *** this research,a chaotic sequence mapping based low overhead 1D Improved Logistic Map is used to secure“peer”to“peer”data transmission model using lightweight H-MAC(1D-LM-P2P-LHHMAC)is proposed with accurate intrusion *** proposed model is evaluated with the traditional models by considering various evaluation metrics like Vector Set Generation Accuracy Levels,Key Pair Generation Time Levels,Chaotic Map Accuracy Levels,Intrusion Detection Accuracy Levels,and the results represent that the proposed model performance in chaotic map accuracy level is 98%and intrusion detection is 98.2%.The proposed model is compared with the traditional models and the results represent that the proposed model secure data transmission levels are high.

关键词： Network coding small cells data transmission intrusion detection model hashed message authentication code chaotic sequence mapping secure transmission

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Microstructural characterization,tribological and corrosion behavior of AA7075-TiC composites

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China Foundry 2024年第4期21卷 334-342页

作者： Surendarnath Sundaramoorthy Ramesh Gopalan ramachandran Thulasiram Department of Mechanical Engineering DVR&Dr.HS MIC College of Technology(A)Vijayawada521180India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge TechnologiesRK ValleyKadapaIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Jain UniversityBangaloreIndia

Aluminum alloys are the potential materials in the automobile and aerospace sectors due to their lower density,easy forming and excellent corrosion *** demand of high strength-to-weight ratio materials in structural applications needs the engineering industries to seek aluminum alloy with new versions of hard and brittle ceramic *** microstructure,hardness,wear and corrosion behaviors of AA7075 composites with 2.5wt.%and 5wt.%TiC particles were *** analysis is evident that the transformation of the strong dendritic morphology to non-dendritic morphology on the incorporation of TiC into ***,the precipitation of the second-phase compounds such as Al_(2)CuMg,Al_(2)Cu andFe-rich Al_6(Cu,Fe)/Al_(7)Cu_(2)Fe)is promoted by TiC particles at inter-and intra-dendritic ***,the hardness of composites is improved by grain boundary strengthening and particulate strengthening *** coefficient of friction and wear rate have an inverse relation with TiC *** base alloy without TiC shows adhesive-type wear-induced deformation due to the formation of an oxide film,while composite samples exhibit a mechanically mixed layer and abrasive-type wear *** samples shows a higher corrosion rate due to the presence of numerous precipitates which promote pitting corrosion.

关键词： AA7075 alloy TiC reinforcement composite microstructure wear corrosion tribological

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Efficiency-Driven Custom Chatbot Development: Unleashing LangChain, RAG, and Performance-Optimized LLM Fusion

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2423-2442页

作者： S.Vidivelli Manikandan ramachandran A.Dharunbalaji School of Computing SASTRA Deemed UniversityThanjavurTamilnadu613401India

This exploration acquaints a momentous methodology with custom chatbot improvement that focuses on pro-ficiency close by *** accomplish this by joining three key innovations:LangChain,Retrieval Augmented Generation(RAG),and enormous language models(LLMs)tweaked with execution proficient strategies like LoRA and *** takes into consideration fastidious fitting of chatbots to explicit purposes,guaranteeing engaged and important collaborations with ***’s web scratching capacities engage these chatbots to get to a tremendous store of data,empowering them to give exhaustive and enlightening reactions to *** recovered data is then decisively woven into reaction age utilizing LLMs that have been calibrated with an emphasis on execution *** combination approach offers a triple advantage:further developed viability,upgraded client experience,and extended admittance to *** become proficient at taking care of client questions precisely and productively,while instructive and logically pertinent reactions make a more regular and drawing in cooperation for *** last,web scratching enables chatbots to address a more extensive assortment of requests by conceding them admittance to a more extensive information *** digging into the complexities of execution proficient LLM calibrating and underlining the basic job of web-scratched information,this examination offers a critical commitment to propelling custom chatbot plan and *** subsequent chatbots feature the monstrous capability of these advancements in making enlightening,easy to understand,and effective conversational specialists,eventually changing the manner in which clients cooperate with chatbots.

关键词： LangChain retrieval augumental generation(RAG) fine tuning

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Study of Inhalation Dose Due to Indoor ^222Rn and ^220Rn in Bangalore Metropolitan, India

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2011年第11期5卷 1030-1033页

作者： Lingaiah Appajaiah Sathish thuravoor vanchiswaran ramachandran Post Graduate Department of Physics Government Science College Bangalore 560 001 India Ex-Environmental Assessment Division Bhabha Atomic Research Center Mumbai 450 085 India

222Rn and 220Rn enter the atmosphere mainly by crossing the air interface of either soil-air or building materials. The existence of relatively high concentration maintains a large 222Rn, 220Rn concentration gradient between the materials and open air. The present paper deals with the experimental measurement of 222Rn, 220Rn concentrations and the associated inhalation dose rates due to them in the dwellings of different characteristics. Higher concentrations and dose rates were observed in lower volume houses and the houses with granite flooring.

关键词：剂量率大都会浓度梯度室内印度建筑材料空中接口实验测量

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Structural insights on anti-biofilm mechanism of heated slightly acidic electrolyzed water technology against multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on food contact surface

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1556-1566页

作者： Pianpian Yan ramachandran Chelliah Kyoung Hee Jo Xiuqin Chen Akanksha Tyagi Hyeon Yeong Jo Fazle Elahi Nam Chan Woo Min Seung Wook Deog Hwan Oh Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Agriculture and Life SciencesKangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341South Korea Kangwon Institute ofInclusive Technology(KIIT) Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341South Korea Saveetha School of Engineering (SIMATS)UniversitySriperumbudur 600124India Seoulin Bioscience Company Seongnam-si 13488South Korea

Slightly acidic electrolyzed water(SAEW)has proven to be an efficient and novel sanitizer in food and agriculture *** study assessed the efficacy of SAEW(30 mg/L)at 40℃on the inactivation of foodbome pathogens and detachment of multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)*** underlying mechanism of MRS A biofilm under heated SAEW at 40℃treatment on metabolic profiles was *** results showed that the heated SAEW at 40℃significantly effectively against foodbome pathogens of 1.96-7.56(lg(CFU/g))reduction in pork,chicken,spinach,and *** heated SAEW at 40℃treatment significantly reduced MRS A biofilm cells by 2.41(lg(CFU/cm^(2))).The synergistic effect of SAEW treatment showed intense anti-biofilm activity in decreasing cell density and impairing biofilm cell *** metabolic response of MRSA biofilms,treated by SAEW at 40℃,revealed the alterations of intracellular metabolites,including amino acids,organic acid,fatty acid,and ***,signaling pathways involved in amino acid metabolism,energy metabolism,nucleotide synthesis,carbohydrate metabolites,and lipid biosynthesis were functionally disrupted by the SAEW at 40℃*** per our knowledge,this is the first research to uncover the potential mechanism of heated SAEW treatment against MRSA biofilm on food contact surface.

关键词： Multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Metabolic profile SAEW Biofilm Hurdle technology Electrode material

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High-temperature synthesis and electronic bonding analysis of Ca-doped LaMnO_(3) rare-earth manganites

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Rare Metals 2022年第11期41卷 3932-3942页

作者： Natarajan Thenmozhi ramachandran Saravanan Post Graduate and Research Department of Physics Nadar Mahajana Sangam S.Vellaichamy Nadar CollegeNagamalaiMaduraiTamil Nadu625019India Research Centre and Post Graduate Department of Physics The Madura CollegeMaduraiTamil Nadu625011India

Doped lanthanum manganites La_(1-x)Ca_(x)MnO_(3) with five different concentrations of Ca(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5) were synthesized by high-temperature solidstate reaction method and *** prepared samples were experimentally analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy(SEM/EDS) and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM)*** structure is confirmed for this compound from powder X-ray diffraction *** XRD data confirm the shrinkage in the unit cell of synthesized samples for increasing calcium *** UV-Visible analysis for the estimation of optical band gap(E_(g)) reveals that the band gap decreases with the incorporation of *** synthesized samples were investigated for charge density distribution using maximum entropy method,utilizing the XRD data *** the charge density analysis,it is found that the bond lengths for La-O and Mn-O bonds decrease with the addition of *** ionic nature between La and O atoms and covalent nature between Mn and O atoms are enhanced for 40% of *** 50% of Ca-doped sample,ionic nature between La and O atoms and covalent nature between Mn and O atoms *** the prepared samples exhibit ferromagnetism at 20 K and paramagnetism at 300 K.

关键词： Manganites Mixed valency Magnetocaloric Magnetoresistive SOFC

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In-plane and out-of-plane quasi-static compression performance enhancement of 3D printed re-entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial with geometrical tuning and fiber reinforcement

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2023年第7期25卷 1-17页

作者： Niranjan Chikkanna Shankar Krishnapillai Velmurugan ramachandran Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras600036India Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras600036India

Auxetic materials are cellular materials with a unique property of negative Poisson’s *** auxeticity and performance of these metamaterials utterly depend on the geometrical parameters and loading *** the first time,the quasi-static uniaxial compression performance of fused filament fabricated re-entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial is evaluated in the x-direction(in-plane)and z-direction(out-of-plane).The most commonly used thermoplastic feedstock,Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene,is considered a material of *** effect of influential geometrical parameters of the re-entrant diamond structure and printing parameter is systematically studied using Taguchi’s design of ***-based multi-objective optimisation technique has been adopted to arrive at the optimal *** are made to improve the stiffness and strength of the structure with fibre *** glass fibre reinforcements have enhanced specific strength and stiffness in both in-plane and out-ofplane directions.A sevenfold and thirteen times increase in specific strength and energy absorption is evident for glass fibre-reinforced structures in out-of-plane directions compared to in-plane *** tuning of geometrical parameters of the re-entrant diamond structure can result in a Poisson’s ratio of up to-3.49 when tested in the *** parametric study has illustrated the tailorability of the structure according to the application *** statistical study has signified each considered parameter’s contribution to the compression performance characteristics of the 3D printed re-entrant diamond auxetic metamaterial.

关键词： Auxeticity Fibre reinforcement Tailorability Anisotropy Geometrical influence Property enhancement

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Multi-Factor Authentication for Secured Financial Transactions in Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1781-1798页

作者： D.Prabakaran Shyamala ramachandran IFET College of Engineering Villupuram605108TamilnaduIndia University College of Engineering-Tindivanam Tindivanam604001TamilnaduIndia

The rise of the digital economy and the comfort of accessing by way of user mobile devices expedite human endeavors in financial transactions over the Virtual Private Network(VPN)*** prominent application of VPN evades the hurdles involved in physical money *** VPN acts as a gateway for the authorized user in accessing the banking server to provide mutual authentication between the user and the *** security in the cloud authentication server remains vulnerable to the results of threat in JP Morgan Data breach in 2014,Capital One Data Breach in 2019,and manymore cloud server attacks over and over *** attacks necessitate the demand for a strong framework for authentication to secure from any class of *** research paper,propose a framework with a base of EllipticalCurve Cryptography(ECC)to performsecure financial transactions throughVirtual PrivateNetwork(VPN)by implementing strongMulti-Factor Authentication(MFA)using authentication credentials and biometric *** research results prove that the proposed model is to be an ideal scheme for real-time *** security analysis reports that the proposed model exhibits high level of security with a minimal response time of 12 s on an average of 1000 users.

关键词： Cloud computing elliptical curve cryptography multi-factor authentication mel frequency cepstral coefficient privacy protection secured framework secure financial transactions

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Synchronization of nonlinear multi-agent systems using a non-fragile sampled data control approach and its application to circuit systems

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023年第4期24卷 553-566页

作者： Stephen AROCKIA SAMY Raja ramachandran Pratap ANBALAGAN Yang CAO Department of Mathematics Alagappa UniversityKaraikudi 630003Tamil NaduIndia Ramanujan Centre for Higher Mathematics Alagappa UniversityKaraikudi 630003Tamil NaduIndia Research Center for Wind Energy Systems Kunsan National UniversityGunsan 573-701Republic of Korea School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China

The main aim of this work is to design a non-fragile sampled data control(NFSDC) scheme for the asymptotic synchronization criteria for interconnected coupled circuit systems(multi-agent systems, MASs). NFSDC is used to conduct synchronization analysis of the considered MASs in the presence of time-varying delays. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, sufficient conditions are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs) to ensure synchronization between the MAS leader and follower systems. Finally, two numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme and less conservation of the proposed Lyapunov functions.

关键词： Multi-agent systems(MASs) Non-fragile sampled data control(NFSDC) Time-varying delay Linear matrix inequality(LMI) Asymptotic synchronization

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Nacelle intake flow separation reduction at cruise condition using active flow control

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第3期11卷 337-352页

作者： Vinayak ramachandran Nambiar Vassilios Pachidis Centre for Propulsion Engineering Cranfield UniversityBedfordMK430ALUK

Turbofan engine intakes are designed to provide separation-free flow at the fan faceover a wide range of operating conditions. But at some off-design conditions, like at high flightspeeds and high angles of attack (AoA), the aero engine intake may encounter flow *** boundary layer separation inside the nacelle inlet of an aircraft engine can lead to a largenumber of undesirable outcomes like reduction in fan efficiency, engine stall and high levels ofstress on the fan blades. Active flow control is a promising solution to reduce inlet boundarylayer separation and the associated fan-face flow distortion at such off-design conditions. Byblowing pressurized air into the intake near the separation point, the boundary layer is ener-gized and separation can be controlled. This study investigates the applicability of lip blowing,an active flow control technique, to control intake separation and flow distortion at the ***, intake separation was triggered in a 3D CFD model based on the NASA CommonResearch Model (CRM) using high AoA cases at cruise condition (Mach number 0.85, Massflow capture ratio w0.7) and the features of separated flow were analyzed. Thereafter, activeflow control was introduce to the intake in the form of two types of lip blowing, direct andpitched blowing. The efficacy of lip blowing at achieving separation control in an ultra highbypass ratio turbofan engine intake has been established through this study. The present paperalso examines the significance of blowing parameters like the type of blowing, blowing pres-sure ratio, and blowing slot dimension, at different angles of attack to identify the critical con-trol parameters. Our research successfully establishes proof of concept by demonstrating the feasibility of using lip blowing for separation control in aero-intakes, via numerical ***, this study also provides crucial insights regarding the important variables to beconsidered for future experimental studies

关键词： Ultra high bypass ratio turbofan engine NASA Common Research Model Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) ANSYS Fluent Intake flow separation Active flow control Lip blowing

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