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The Potential Contribution of Subsurface Drip Irrigation to Water-Saving Agriculture in the Western USA

Agricultural Sciences in China 2009年第7期8卷 850-854页

作者： T L thompson PANG Huan-cheng LI Yu-yi Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University Lubbock TX 79409 USA Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 P. R. China

Water shortages within the western USA are resulting in the adoption of water-saving agricultural practices within this region. Among the many possible methods for saving water in agriculture, the adoption of subsurface drip irrigation （SDI） provides a potential solution to the problem of low water use efficiency. Other advantages of SDI include reduced NO3 leaching compared to surface irrigation, higher yields, a dry soil surface for improved weed control, better crop health, and harvest flexibility for many specialty crops. The use of SDI also allows the virtual elimination of crop water stress, the ability to apply water and nutrients to the most active part of the root zone, protection of drip lines from damage due to cultivation and tillage, and the ability to irrigate with wastewater while preventing human contact. Yet, SDI is used only on a minority of cropland in the arid western USA. Reasons for the limited adoption of SDI include the high initial capital investment required, the need for intensive management, and the urbanization that is rapidly consuming farmland in parts of the western USA. The contributions of SDI to increasing yield, quality, and water use efficiency have been demonstrated. The two major barriers to SDI sustainability in arid regions are economics （i.e., paying for the SDI system）, including the high cost of installation; and salt accumulation, which requires periodic leaching, specialized tillage methods, or transplanting of seedlings rather than direct-seeding. We will review advances in irrigation management with SDI.

关键词： subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) water-saving agriculture western USA

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Microparticle record in the Guliya ice core and its comparison with polar records since the last interglacial

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第6期49卷 607-611页

作者： WUGuangjian YAOTandong L.G.thompson LIZhongqin k.yLaboratoryofIceCoreandColdRegionsEnvironment CAREERIChineseAcademyofSciencesLanzhou730000China ByrdPolarResearchCenter DepartmentofGeologicalSciences.OhioStateUniversityColumbusOH43210USA

Based on the study of oxygen isotope and mi-croparticle in the Guliya ice core, atmospheric dust and en-vironmental changes in the northwest Tibetan Plateau since the last interglacial were revealed. The microparticle record indicates that low dust load on the Plateau in the interglacial. Particle concentration increased rapidly when the climate turned into the last glacial and reached the maximum during the MIS 4. In the Last Glacial Maximum, however, the en-hancement of microparticle concentration was slight, differ-ing to those in the Antarctic and Greenland. On the orbital timescale, both the temperature on the Tibetan Plateau and summer solar insolation in the Northern Hemisphere had their impact on the microparticle record, but the difference in phase and amplitude also existed. Though having the same dust source, microparticle records in the ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau and the Greenland seem to have different significance.

关键词：微粒子记录 Guliya冰核极性记录末期间冰期西藏高原大气灰尘全球气候

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Soil Nitrogen Availability Is Reflected in the Bacterial Pathway

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Pedosphere 2011年第1期21卷 26-30页

作者： V.k.IVTSOV B.S.GRIFFITHS k.LIDDELL A.GARSIDE R.SALMOND T.BEZGINOVA J.thompson6 Centre for the study of Environmental Change and Sustainability(CECS) School of GeoSciencesUniversity of EdinburghWest Mains RoadEdinburgh EH9 3JNScotland(UK) Department of Ecology Kharkov State University Teagasc Environment Research Institute Johnstown Castle University of Abertay Dundee SIMBIOSSchool of Science & Engineering Royal Museum of Scotland Edinburgh(UK) Hope Hospital Manchester(UK) Scottish Crop Research Institute InvergowrieDundeeScotland(UK)

Measurements of concentrations of easily extractable soil nitrogen(N) were carried out on samples collected at the Heron Wood Reserve,Scotland,concurrently with investigations of N associated with total microbial biomass and the abundances of bacteria,fungi,and *** biota at the studied site appeared to be limited by *** was a remark.ble difference between the ambient(i.e.,easily extractable N) and biomass *** abundance data of bacteria,protozoa and nematodes significantly negatively correlated with ambient N but showed positive correlations with the total microbial N *** were,however,remark.ble differences between the correlation patterns exhibited by the fungal and the bacterial pathways,as fungi did not show any correlations with chemical *** differences should be tak.n into account whilst interpreting biological interactions both at this important site and elsewhere.

关键词： bacteria fungi nematodes protozoa woodland

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Abnormal zone above the liquidus of Pb-Sb alloys

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1996年第10期41卷 873-878页

作者：边秀房李辉张林马家骥 MAX thompson Shandong University of Technology Jinan 250014 China

Two curves have been identified above the liquidus in a binary Pb-Sb alloy phase dia-gram. The curves were obtained from thermal differential analysis and electrical resistivityexperiments and corresponded to sudden changes in the thermal effect and electricalresistivity curves. The zone between the two curves is called abnormal zone. When themelt of Pb-Sb alloys was superheated into the range of temperatures in the abnormal zone,

关键词： liquid metals electrical resistivity thermal history.

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The nature of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum revealed by the Guliya ice core record

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第23期45卷 2118-2125页

作者： L.G.thompson J.Cole-Dai Byrd Polar Research Center Ohio State UniversityOhio 43210USAByrd Polar Research CenterOhio State UniversityOhio 43210USA

Whether the solar activity was very low, and especially whether the solar cycle existed, during the Maunder Minimum (1645-1715 AD), have been disputed for a long time. In this paper we use the Guliya NO3 data, which can reflect the solar activity, to analyze the characteristics of the solar activity during the Maunder Minimum. The results show that the solar activity was indeed low, and solar cycle displayed normal as present, i.e. about 11 a, in that period. Moreover, it was found that the solar activity contains a 36-year periodic component probably, which might be related to the variations in the length of the sunspot cycle. This finding is of importance for the study of the relationship between the sun variability and the Earth climate change.

关键词： Maunder Minimum solar activity Guliya ice core.

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Image guided percutaneous gastrostomy catheter placement: How we do it safely and efficiently

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第4期26卷 383-392页

作者： Sasan Partovi Xin Li Eunice Moon Dustin thompson Section of Interventional Radiology Imaging Institute Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Gastrostomy tube is an effective and safe long-term feeding access that is welltolerated by *** typical placement routes include surgical,endoscopic and interventional radiologic *** particular,percutaneous interventional radiologic gastrostomy(PIRG)has increasingly become the preferred method of choice in many *** many PIRG techniques have been developed since the 1980s,there is still a paucity of evidence supporting the choice of a most-optimal PIRG ***,there is a large variation in institutional approach to *** are a large,quaternary academic institution with an extensive experience in ***,we aim to present the“push”PIRG technique utilized in our institution,to review the current literature,to discuss the optimal choice of PIRG technique and to generate further interests in comparison studies.

关键词： Percutaneous interventional radiologic gastrostomy Institutional approach Push technique

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Detailed analysis of the impact of age on the QT interval

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第9期13卷 740-748页

作者： Simon W Rabk.n Xin-Bo Justin Cheng Darby JS thompson Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology University of British Columbia Vancouver B.C. Canada University of British Columbia Vancouver B.C Canada Emmes Canada Burnaby B.C. Canada Faculty of Health Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby B.C. Canada

Objective To analyze the effect of age on the ECG QT interval, an important predictor of cardiovascular mortality and drug-induced cardiac arrhythmias, and determine whether QT-heart rate correction formulae （QTc） have differential relationships with age and sex. Methods Data were examined from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey （NHANES） II and III, civilian population aged 25 to 90 years. QT weighted means and standard deviations were calculated for all ages. The QTc were evaluated for six QTc： proposed by Bazett （QTcBZT）, Fridericia （QTcFRD）, Hodges （QTcHDG）, Dmitrienk. （QTcDMT）, Rautaharju （QTcRTHa） and Framingham （QTcFRM）. Results QTc was strongly related to age and gender, for all formulae except for QTcBZT for women. The relationship between QTc and age was significant regardless of whether the relationship was approximated by a linear or non-linear （quadratic or cubic spline） model. QTc increased more dramatically with age in men. There was a significant （P 〈 0.001） positive relationship between QTc variance and age for each QTc formula for both men and women. There were a greater proportion of individuals with longer QTc with older ages especially age 80 years and above. Conclusion QTc and its variance increase with age. Prolonged QTc is more prevalent in older individuals, especially men.

关键词： Aging Clinical epidemiology QT-heart rate adjustment QT interval

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Using dummy data for RFID tag and reader authentication

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Digital Communications and Network. 2022年第5期8卷 804-813页

作者： Baha’A.Alsaify Dale R.thompson Abdallah Alma'aitah Jia Di Department of Network.Engineering and Security Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid21163Jordan Computer Science and Computer Engineering Department University of ArkansasFayetteville72701ARUSA

Radio-Frequency IDentification(RFID)technology is an essential enabler of a multitude of intelligent *** robust authentication of RFID system components is critical in providing trustworthy data delivery from/to *** this paper,we propose an authentication protocol based on monitoring the transmissions between readers and tags in the *** proposed authentication scheme is based on injecting decoys within the exchanged communications(between RFID readers and tags)and is used in the authentication ***,the proposed authentication scheme is mathematically modeled and validated using extensive *** simulations results show that the proposed scheme provides a 100%confidence level in the authentication of tags and detection of compromised readers.

关键词： RFID Authentication Dummy data Security Decoys

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Preparation,Crystal Structure and Properties of a Pentametallic 3-Ferrocenyl-2-crotonic acid-Bridged Copper(II) Complex

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2003年第11期21卷 1461-1465页

作者：杨家祥张泽吴杰颖田玉鹏刘清亮 FUN Hoong k.n USMAN Anwar 许志强 LAURENCE k.thompson Department of Chemistry Anhui University Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry Memorial University of Newfoundland X-Ray Crystallography Unit School of PhysicsUniversiti Sains Malaysia

The synthesis and characterization of the copper(II) complex [Cu_2(OOCCH=C(CH_3)Fc)_3(phen)_2]ClO_4·2H_2O (1) are reported. The structure of the complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group Pc ,with Z =2,a =1.2799(4) nm,b =0.9969(4) nm,c =2.5228 nm,and β =91.576(1)°. The cationic part of 1 indicates a penametallic core in which three 3-ferrocenyl-2-crotonic acid salt (FCA) groups act as (O,O') bridging ligands between two copper(II) ions with a square-pyramidal environment. Cyclic voltammetric experiments in acetonitrile have been performed mainly to examine the Fe(II) → Fe(III) one-electron oxidation in FCA and its complex. The variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed very weak.intramolecular anti-ferromagnetic coupling. Fitting parameters are 2 J =-0.2 cm -1 ,g =2.114,and θ =0 k.

关键词： crystal structure Cu(II) complex magnetic susceptibility

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Integrative filtration research and sustainable nanotechnology

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Particuology 2013年第1期11卷 5-13页

作者： Jing Wang Drew thompson David Y.H.Pui Institute of Environmental Engineering ETH Zurich 8093Switzerland Analytical Chemistry Empa8600 DubendorfSwitzerland Particle Technology Laboratory University of Minnesota55455USA

With the wide applications of nanomaterials in an array of industries, more concerns are being raised about the occupational health and safety of nanoparticles in the work.lace, and implications ofnanotech- nology on the environment and living systems. Studies on environmental, health and safety （EHS） issues of nanomaterials play a significant role in public acceptance, and eventual sustainability, of nanotechnol- ogy. We present research results on three aspects of the EHS studies： characterization and measurement of nanoparticles, nanoparticle emission and exposure at work.laces, and control and abatement of nanoparticle release using filtration technology. Measurement of nanoparticle agglomerates using a newly developed instrument, the Universal Nanoparticle Analyzer, is discussed. Nanoparticle emission and exposure measurement results for carbon nanotubes in the manufacture of nanocomposites and for silicon nanoparticles in their production at a pilot scale facility are presented. Filtration of nanoparticles and nanoparticle agglomerates are also studied.

关键词： Agglomerate Sustainability Exposure Filtration Nano-EHS Nanoparticle

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