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Microalgae as Bioabsorbents for Treating Mixture of Electroplating and sewage Effluent

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 1991年第3期4卷 250-261页

作者： s.s.CHAN H.CHOW M.H.wong Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist College 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong KongDepartment of Biology Hong Kong Baptist College 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong KongDepartment of Biology Hong Kong Baptist College 224 Waterloo Road Kowloon Hong Kong

The effectiveness of copper and nickel uptake by microalgae grown in the mixture of electroplating effluent and sewage was studied. The results showed that a high percentage of copper removal (68.1%-88.2%) was achieved by Chlorellapyrenoidosa (strain No. 26) reared in the mixture of 90% electroplating effluent and 10% raw sewage during the first 3 days despite the fact that cell growth was inhibited. similar results were also obtained by using Chlorella HkBC-C3, another species collected from one of the heavy metal polluted sites in Hong kong, isolated and cultured in the Biology Department. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the removal of copper and nickel from the effluent between these 2 algal species. However, it was noted that removal of nickel from the mixture by the two species were comparatively lower (68%).

关键词： rate Microalgae as Bioabsorbents for Treating Mixture of Electroplating and sewage Effluent

Features of Ciguatera Fish Poisoning Cases in Hong kong 2004-2007

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Biomedical and Environmental sciences 2008年第6期21卷 521-527页

作者： CHUN-kWAN wong PATRICIA HUNG kELLIE L. H. LEE TINA MOk thomas CHUNG kAI-MAN kAM Biotoxin Laboratory Public Health Laboratory Services Branch Centre for Health Protection Department of Health Shek Kip Mei Kowloon Food and Environmental Hygiene Department Queensway Government Offices

Ohjective To review the clinical features and laboratory investigations of ciguatera patients in Hong kong between 2004 and 2007 in order to show the timely sampling of implicated fish from ciguatera victims and application of validated mouse bioassay for confirming suspected clinical cases of ciguatera. Methods Diagnosis of the ciguatera victims was based on history of coral fish consumption and clinical presentations stated in official guidelines for clinical diagnosis of ciguatera fish poisoning in Hong kong. Food remnants of coral fish samples were collected swiftly from ciguatera victims between 2004 and 2007 for ciguatoxins （CTXs） analysis. Results Major clinical symptoms in ciguatera patients included gastrointestinal and neurological effects including limb numbness and diarrhoea, which developed at 0.5 to 15 hours after consumption of fish. In most cases, neurological symptoms were more common than gastrointestinal symptoms. A broad range of attack rate （10%-100%） was observed in each ciguatera outbreak. Validated mouse bioassay on ether extracts of the food remnant samples confirmed that all were CTXs-positive （〈0.5 - 4.3 MU/20 mg ether extract） and directly linked to the corresponding ciguatera cases. Conclusion Consistency between clinical and laboratory analysis for ciguatera poisoning illustrates the application of laboratory mouse bioassay in a timely fashion for confirming ciguatera poisoning cases and implementing effective public health measures. With further improvement in laboratory techniques, features of ciguatera fish poisoning cases can be better defined, Further studies are needed to determine the risk of each class of CTXs （Pacific-, Indian- and Caribbean-CTXs） in Hong kong.

关键词： Ciguatera poisoning Ciguatoxin Food remnants Hong kong Mouse bioassay

How to evaluate diagnosis and management of biliary atresia in the era of liver Transplantation in China

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World Journal of Pediatric surgery 2018年第1期1卷 3-8页

作者： Jianghua Zhan Yajun Chen kenneth k Y wong Department of Pediatric surgery Tianjin Children’s HospitalTianjinChina Department of Pediatric surgery Beijing Children’s HospitalBeijingChina Department of Pediatric surgery Queen Mary HospitalHong KongChina

background Biliary atresia(BA)is one of the most challenging hepatobiliary diseases in *** the reasonable outcome of liver transplantation(LT),portoenteral anastomosis(kasai operation)is still the first choice of treatment for patients with *** to improve the survival rate of the patients with BA in the era of LT is a new *** sources Based on recent original publications and the experience with the BA in China,we review many factors that influence BA survival situation,including early diagnosis and screen plan,defects of early treatment,kasai operation,and LT and indicate present questions about BA diagnosis and treatment in *** BA diagnosis may also be delayed due to insufficient understanding of BA and lack of jaundice monitoring methods at different levels of the hospitals in *** education of the physicians at smaller city hospitals about BA,neonatal jaundice and cholestasis would be helpful in improving early diagnosis of *** surgical intervention is still the only guarantee to improve the survival rate of BA with native *** In the era of LT,especially in China,kasai operation can provide waiting time for living donor LT and improve the success rate of LT and minimize the rapid deterioration of liver function of the children with BA and decrease the mortality in patients with BA.

关键词： diagnosis treatment guarantee

snapshotPrune: A Novel Bitcoin-Based Protocol Toward Efficient Pruning and Fast Node Bootstrapping

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1037-1052页

作者： Pengfei Huang Xiaojun Ren Teng Huang Arthur sandor Voundi koe Duncan s wong Hai Jiang Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006Chinaand also with Pazhou LabGuangzhou 510330China

Node synchronization is essential for the stability of the Bitcoin network. Critics have raised doubts about the ability of a new node to quickly and efficiently synchronize with the Bitcoin network and alleviate the storage pressure from existing full nodes to stockpile new data. Basic pruning and other techniques have been explored to address these concerns but have been insufficient to reduce node synchronization delay and effectively suppress the growth of synchronized data. In this study, we propose snapshotPrune, a novel pruning and synchronization protocol that achieves fast node bootstrapping in the Bitcoin blockchain. Real Bitcoin historical data are leveraged to measure the synchronization time and monitor the network traffic during node bootstrapping. The protocol requires data downloads that are 99.70% less than Bitcoin Core, 81% less than CoinPrune, and 60% less than snapshotsave, thereby saving 97.23% of download time. Findings show that the proposed design enhances the storage efficiency and reduces the node synchronization delay compared with existing techniques. We hypothesize that the efficiency of this protocol increases with the block height.

关键词： synchronization blockchain Unspent Transaction Output(UTXO)pruning snapshot fast bootstrapping

Bridging the gap:axonal fusion drives rapid functional recovery of the nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第4期13卷 591-594页

作者： Jean-sébastien Teoh Michelle Yu-Ying wong Tarika Vijayaraghavan Brent Neumann Neuroscience Program Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental BiologyMonash University

Injuries to the central or peripheral nervous system frequently cause long-term disabilities because damaged neurons are unable to efficiently *** inherent deficiency necessitates the need for new treatment options aimed at restoring lost function to *** to humans,a number of species possess far greater regenerative capabilities,and can therefore provide important insights into how our own nervous systems can be *** particular,several invertebrate species have been shown to rapidly initiate regeneration post-injury,allowing separated axon segments to *** process,known as axonal fusion,represents a highly efficient repair mechanism as a regrowing axon needs to only bridge the site of damage and fuse with its separated counterpart in order to re-establish its original *** recent findings in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have expanded the promise of axonal fusion by demonstrating that it can restore complete function to damaged ***,we revealed the importance of injury-induced changes in the composition of the axonal membrane for mediating axonal fusion,and discovered that the level of axonal fusion can be enhanced by promoting a neuron＇s intrinsic growth potential.A complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling axonal fusion may permit similar approaches to be applied in a clinical setting.

关键词： axonal fusion axon regeneration nervous system repair nerve injury phosphatidylserine functional repair axonal transport Caenorhabditis elegans

Lockdown lifted:measuring spatial resilience from London’s public transport demand recovery

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Geo-spatial Information science 2023年第4期26卷 685-702页

作者： Divya sharma Chen Zhong Howard wong Centre for Advanced spatial Analysis University College LondonLondonUK Transport Consulting ArupLondonUK Public Transport service Planning Transport for LondonLondonUK

The disruptive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic has rapidly shifted how individuals navigate in *** are concerned that travel behavior will shift toward a car-driven and homeworking future,shifting demand away from public transport *** concerns place the recovery of public transport in a possible crisis.A resilience perspective may aid the discussion around recovery-particularly one that deviates from pre-pandemic *** paper presents an empirical study of London’s public transport demand and introduces a perspective of spatial resilience to the existing body of research on post-pandemic public transport *** study defines spatial resilience as the rate of recovery in public transport demand within census boundaries over a period after lockdown restrictions were *** relationship between spatial resilience and urban socioeconomic factors was investigated by a global spatial regression model and a localized perspective through Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR)*** this case study of London,the analysis focuses on the period after the first COVID-19 lockdown restrictions were lifted(June 2020)and before the new restrictions in mid-september *** analysis shows that outer London generally recovered faster than inner *** of income,car ownership and density of public transport infrastructure were found to have the greatest influence on spatial patterns in ***,influential relationships vary locally,inviting future research to examine the drivers of this spatial ***,this research recommends transport policymakers capture the influences of homeworking,ensure funding for a minimum level of service,and advocate for a polycentric recovery post-pandemic.

关键词： spatial resilience demand recovery public transport COVID-19 pandemic London

solitary wave solutions to higher-order traffic flow model with large diffusion

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2014年第2期35卷 167-176页

作者：菅肖霞张鹏 s.C.wong 乔殿梁崔岐柱 shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University shanghai key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Department of Civil Engineering The University of Hong Kong Department of Transportation Engineering TOD-based Sustainable UrbanTransportation CenterAjou University

This paper uses the Taylor expansion to seek an approximate korteweg- de Vries equation （kdV） solution to a higher-order traffic flow model with sufficiently large diffusion. It demonstrates the validity of the approximate kdV solution considering all the related parameters to ensure the physical boundedness and the stability of the solution. Moreover, when the viscosity coefficient depends on the density and velocity of the flow, the wave speed of the kdV solution is naturally related to either the first or the second characteristic field. The finite element method is extended to solve the model and examine the stability and accuracy of the approximate kdV solution.

关键词： higher-order traffic flow model viscosity coefficient approximate korteweg-de Vries equation (kdV) solution finite element scheme

Long-range optical trapping and binding of microparticles in hollow-core photonic crystal fibre

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Light(science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 865-871页

作者： Dmitry s.Bykov shangran Xie Richard Zeltner Andrey Machnev Gordon k.L.wong Tijmen G.Euser Philip st.J.Russell Max Planck Institute for the science of Light Staudtstr.291058 ErlangenGermany Department of Physics University of Erlangen-Nuremberg91058 ErlangenGermany NanoPhotonics Centre Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK

Optically levitated micro-and nanoparticles offer an ideal playground for investigating photon–phonon interactions over macroscopic *** we report the observation of long-range optical binding of multiple levitated microparticles,mediated by intermodal scattering and interference inside the evacuated core of a hollow-core photonic crystal fibre(HC-PCF).Three polystyrene particles with a diameter of 1μm are stably bound together with an inter-particle distance of~40μm,or 50 times longer than the wavelength of the trapping *** levitated boundparticle array can be translated to-and-fro over centimetre distances along the *** evacuated to a gas pressure of 6 mbar,the collective mechanical modes of the bound-particle array are able to be *** measured interparticle distance at equilibrium and mechanical eigenfrequencies are supported by a novel analytical formalism modelling the dynamics of the binding *** HC-PCF system offers a unique platform for investigating the rich optomechanical dynamics of arrays of levitated particles in a well-isolated and protected environment.

关键词： optical scattering fibre

Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 1085-1096页

作者： Maqsood MARYAM kian keong TE Fai Chu wong Tsun Thai CHAI Gary k k LOW seng Chiew GAN Hui Yee CHEE Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Faculty of Natural sciences SBK Women's University QuettaBalochistan 87300Pakistan Department of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusKajang 43000Malaysia Department of Chemical science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Kampar Campus)Kampar 31900Malaysia Department of Population Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia Department of Pre-Clinical sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia

Dengue virus(DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis(FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR(q RT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma(DC) and Morus alba(MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration(IC50) 130 and 221 μg m L^-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices(sI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively. Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC/Ms) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.

关键词： dengue virus traditional Chinese medicines TCM complementary medicines plant extracts anti-dengue