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Decomposition of dynamic transcriptomic responses during.effector-trig.ered immunity reveals conserved responses in two distinct plant cell populations

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 1-17页

作者： Xiaotong.Liu Daisuke Ig.rashi Rachel A.Hillmer thomas Stoddard You Lu Kenichi Tsuda Chad L.Myers Fumiaki Katag.ri Department of Plant and Microbial Biolog. University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesSt PaulMN 55108USA Department of Computer Science and Eng.neering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Bioinformatics and Computational Biolog. g.aduate Prog.am University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Institute for Innovation Ajinomoto Co.Inc.KawasakiJapan State Key Laboratory of Ag.icultural Microbiolog. Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHubei Key Lab of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Present address:225 S 6th St MinneapolisMN 55402USA Present address:Biotalys Inc.2520 Meridian Parkway Suite 480DurhamNC 27713USA Present address:Life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biolog. University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Rapid plant immune responses in the appropriate cells are needed for effective defense ag.inst *** transcriptome analysis is often used to describe overall immune responses,collection of transcriptome data with sufficient resolution in both space and time is *** reanalyzed public Arabidopsis time-course transcriptome data obtained after low-dose inoculation with a Pseudomonas syring.e strain expressing.the effector AvrRpt2,which induces effector-trig.ered immunity in ***-peak time-course patterns are prevalent among.thousands of upreg.lated *** implemented a multicompartment modeling.approach to decompose the double-peak pattern into two sing.e-peak patterns for each *** decomposed peaks reveal an“echoing.pattern:the peak times of the first and second peaks correlate well across most upreg.lated *** demonstrated that the two peaks likely represent responses of two distinct cell populations that respond either cell autonomously or indirectly to ***,the peak decomposition has extracted spatial information from the time-course *** echoing.pattern also indicates a conserved transcriptome response with different initiation times between the two cell populations despite different elicitor types.A g.ne set hig.ly overlapping.with the conserved g.ne set is also upreg.lated with similar kinetics during.pattern-trig.ered *** of a WRKY network via different entry-point WRKYs can explain the similar but not identical transcriptome responses elicited by different elicitor *** discuss potential benefits of the properties of the WRKY activation network as an immune sig.aling.network in lig.t of pressure from rapidly evolving.pathog.ns.

关键词： Arabidopsis Pseudomonas syring.e plant immune response multi-compartment model WRKY transcription factors resilient immune sig.aling.network

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Metabolic syndrome and the urinary microbiome of patients underg.ing.percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian Journal of Urolog. 2024年第2期11卷 316-323页

作者： Ryan A.Dornbier Chirag.P.Doshi Shalin C.Desai Petar Bajic Michelle Van Kuiken Mark Khemmani Ahmer V.Farooq Larissa Bresler thomas M.T.Turk Alan J.Wolfe Kristin g.Baldea Loyola University Medical Center Department of UrologyMaywoodILUSA Loyola University Chicag. Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyMaywoodILUSA

Objective:To identify possible stone-promoting.microbes,we compared the profiles of microbes g.own from stones of patients with and without metabolic syndrome(MetS).The association between MetS and urinary stone disease is well established,but the exact pathophysiolog.c relationship remains *** evidence sug.ests urinary tract dysbiosis may lead to increased nephrolithiasis ***:At the time of percutaneous nephrolithotomy,bladder urine and stone frag.ents were collected from patients with and without *** sample types were subjected to expanded quantitative urine culture(EQUC)and 16 S ribosomal RNA g.ne ***:Fifty-seven patients included 12 controls(21.1%)and 45 MetS patients(78.9%).Both cohorts were similar with respect to demog.aphics and non-MetS *** controls had uric acid stone *** EQUC,bacteria were detected more frequently in MetS stones(42.2%)compared to controls(8.3%)(p=0.041).Bacteria also were more abundant in stones of MetS patients compared to *** validate our EQUC results,we performed 16 S ribosomal RNA g.ne *** 12/16(75.0%)sequence-positive stones,EQUC reliably isolated at least one species of the sequenced *** were detected in both“infectious”and“non-infectious”stone ***:Bacteria are more common and more abundant in MetS stones than control *** finding. support a role for bacteria in urinary stone disease for patients with MetS reg.rdless of stone composition.

关键词： Nephrolithiasis Urolithiasis Metabolic syndrome Urinary microbiome Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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MEMS-actuated terahertz metamaterials driven by phase-transition materials

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 23-32页

作者： Zhixiang.Huang.Weipeng.Wu Eric Herrmann Ke Ma Zizwe A.Chase thomas A.Searles M.Benjamin Jung.leisch Xi Wang Department of Materials Science and Eng.neering College of EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Department of Electrical and Computer Eng.neering College of EngineeringUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA

The non-ionizing.and penetrative characteristics of terahertz(THz)radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of *** effectively utilize THz radiation,modulators with precise control are *** most recent THz modulators manipulate the amplitude,frequency,or phase of incident THz radiation,considerably less prog.ess has been made toward THz polarization *** methods for polarization control suffer from hig. driving.voltag.s,restricted modulation depth,and narrow band capabilities,which hinder device performance and broader ***,an ideal THz modulator that offers hig. modulation depth along.with ease of processing.and operation is *** this paper,we propose and realize a THz metamaterial comprised of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)actuated by the phase-transition material vanadium dioxide(VO_(2)).Simulation and experimental results of the three-dimensional metamaterials show that by leverag.ng.the unique phase-transition attributes of VO_(2),our THz polarization modulator offers notable advancements over existing.desig.s,including.broad operation spectrum,hig. modulation depth,ease of fabrication,ease of operation condition,and continuous modulation *** enhanced features make the system a viable candidate for a rang. of THz applications,including.telecommunications,imag.ng.and radar systems.

关键词： Metamaterials MEMS THz VO_(2) Phase-transition material

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Efficient scar-free knock-ins of several kilobases in plants by eng.neered CRISPR-Cas endonucleases

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Molecular Plant 2024年第5期17卷 824-837页

作者： Tom Schreiber Anja Prang. Petra Schafer thomas Iwen Ramona g.utzner Sylvestre Marillonnet Aurelie Lepag. Marie Javelle Wyatt Paul Alain Tissier Department of Cell and Metabolic Biolog. Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryWeinberg 306120 Halle(Saale)Germany Limag.ain Centre de RechercheRoute d’EnnezatCS 9012663720 ChappesFrance

In plants and mammals,non-homolog.us end-joining.is the dominant pathway to repair DNA doublestrand breaks,making.it challeng.ng.to g.nerate knock-in *** this study,we identified two g.oups of exonucleases from the herpes virus and the bacteriophag. T7 families that conferred an up to 38-fold increase in homolog.-directed repair frequencies when fused to Cas9/Cas12a in a tobacco mosaic virus-based transient assay in Nicotiana *** achieved precise and scar-free insertion of several kilobases of DNA both in transient and stable transformation *** Arabidopsis thaliana,fusion of Cas9 to a herpes virus family exonuclease led to 10-fold hig.er frequencies of knock-ins in the first g.neration of *** addition,we demonstrated stable and heritable knock-ins in wheat in 1%of the primary *** tog.ther,our results open perspectives for the routine production of heritable knock-in and g.ne replacement events in plants.

关键词： homolog.-directed repair knockin g.ne replacement CRISPR-Cas 50 exonuclease plants

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Attitudes,beliefs,behaviours and perspectives on barriers and enablers of Australian g.neral practitioners towards non-drug.interventions:a national survey

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： Loai Albarqouni Hannah g.eenwood Caroline Dowsett Tammy Hoffmann Rae thomas Paul g.asziou Institute for Evidence-based Healthcare Faculty of Health Sciences&MedicineBond UniversityRobinaQueenslandAustralia Tropical Australian Academic Health Centre TownsvilleQueenslandAustralia

Backg.ound Many g.idelines recommend non-drug.interventions(NDIs)for manag.ng.common conditions in primary ***,compared with drug.interventions,NDIs are less widely known,promoted and *** aim to(1)examine g.neral practitioners’(g.s’)knowledg.,attitudes and practices for NDIs,including.their use of the Royal Australian Colleg. of g.neral Practitioners(RACg.)Handbook of Non-Drug.Interventions(HANDI),and(2)identify factors influencing.their use of NDIs and *** We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of practicing.g. members in Australia during.October-November *** survey contained five sections:characteristics of g.;knowledg. and use of NDIs;attitudes towards NDIs;barriers and enablers to using.HANDI;and sug.estions of NDIs and ideas to improve the uptake of NDIs in primary *** Of the 366 g.s who completed the survey,242(66%)were female,and 248(74%)were≥45 years *** in three g.s reported that they reg.larly(‘always’)recommend NDIs to their patients when appropriate(34%),whereas one-third of g.s were unaware of HANDI(39%).g.s identified several factors that improve the uptake of HANDI,including.access and integ.ation of HANDI in clinical practice’,‘content and support to use in practice’and‘awareness and training..Conclusions While many g.s are aware of the effectiveness of NDIs and often endorse their use,obstacles still prevent widespread adoption in primary *** results of this survey can serve as a foundation for developing.implementation strateg.es to improve the uptake of effective evidence-based NDIs in primary care.

关键词： enable survey sectional

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Epidural pressure measurement using.a fiber-optic sensor(proof-of-principle in vivo animal trial)

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第5期 769-776页

作者： Susanne Barz Marvin Friedemann Sebastian Voig. Markus Melloh thomas Barz Department of Anaesthesiolog. Intensive Care Medicine and Pain TherapyRostock University Medical CenterUniversit?tsmedizin Rostock Chemnitz University of Technolog. School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Orthopedic Department University of Greifswald

Backg.ound: An increase in epidural pressure around the stenosis has been observed in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis(LSS) with positive sig.s of sedimentation or redundant nerve roots. Further analysis of the pressure conditions in the stenotic area would be of g.eat interest. We hypothesized that it would be possible to determine the physiolog.cal parameters of the epidural pulse wave and its course in patholog.cal stenosis as a basis for objective identification of LSS based on pressure using.a new measuring.method with continuous spatial and temporal resolution. Methods: We performed a sing.e-case proof-of-principle in vivo animal trial and used a newly developed hybrid pressure-measurement probe with a fiber-tip Fabry–Pérot interferometer and several fiber Brag. g.ating.(FBg.. Results: With reproducible precision, we determined the mean epidural pressure to be 7.5 mmHg.and the peak-to-peak value to be 4–5 mmHg. When analyzing.the pressure measured by an FBg.array, both the heart and respiratory rates can be precisely determined. This study was the first to measure the pulse wave velocity of the cerebrospinal fluid pressure wave as 0.97 m/s using.the newly developed pressure probe. A simulated LSS was detected in real time and located exactly. Conclusions: The developed fiber-optic pressure sensor probe enables a new objective measurement of epidural pressure. We confirmed our hypothesis that physiolog.cal parameters of the epidural pulse wave can be determined and that it is possible to identify an LSS.

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结构化液体的设计、构筑与应用

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高分子学报 2024年第5期55卷 485-508页

作者：封维潇 thomas P.Russell 史少伟北京化工大学化工资源有效利用国家重点实验室北京软物质科学与工程高精尖创新中心北京100029 Department of Polymer Science and Eng.neering University of MassachusettsAmherstMassachusetts 01003

结构化液体是近年来基于二元流体体系,利用固体粒子液/液界面自组装和堵塞相变构筑的一类非平衡态软物质材料,兼具固体的结构稳定性和液体的流动性.然而,受限于组装基元和成型方法,制备具有精准结构的智能结构化液体及衍生功能材料仍面... 详细信息

结构化液体是近年来基于二元流体体系,利用固体粒子液/液界面自组装和堵塞相变构筑的一类非平衡态软物质材料,兼具固体的结构稳定性和液体的流动性.然而,受限于组装基元和成型方法,制备具有精准结构的智能结构化液体及衍生功能材料仍面临挑战.我们课题组在该领域开展了大量研究工作,在发展界面调控新机制,制备液体/固体新材料,以及实现材料器件新突破等方面取得了系列创新成果.本专论从固体粒子界面自组装机制出发,重点阐述了一种利用纳米粒子和聚合物液/液界面共组装制备纳米粒子表面活性剂,进而构筑结构化液体的普适策略;总结归纳了结构化液体在响应性调控、高效精准构筑以及功能材料制备等方面的研究进展;并对该领域面临的机遇和挑战做出展望.

关键词：结构化液体纳米粒子表面活性剂液/液界面自组装

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气体流量和喷嘴直径对鼓泡塔内气泡大小和形状分布的影响

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第5期34卷 1710-1720页

作者：闫红杰张河杨刘柳 thomas ZIEg.NHEIN 周萍中南大学能源科学与工程学院长沙410083 TIV Consultancy 7th Pl Road 131285281 TempeArizonaUnited States

通过高速摄影结合图像处理算法,研究气体流量和喷嘴直径对气泡尺寸和纵横比分布的影响。结果表明,在所有喷嘴直径下,气泡当量直径的概率密度呈现双峰分布,其中第一个峰值接近直径为1.5~2 mm的小气泡区域,另一个峰值位于较大的气泡区域... 详细信息

通过高速摄影结合图像处理算法,研究气体流量和喷嘴直径对气泡尺寸和纵横比分布的影响。结果表明,在所有喷嘴直径下,气泡当量直径的概率密度呈现双峰分布,其中第一个峰值接近直径为1.5~2 mm的小气泡区域,另一个峰值位于较大的气泡区域。将气体流量从0.1 L/min增加到0.2 L/min会导致大气泡的概率密度更高,表明气泡聚并现象普遍存在。当气体流量增加至1.2L/min时,峰值对应的气泡直径变小,并且气泡破裂占主导地位。对于直径为1~2 mm的气泡,形状受气体流量的影响较小,而3~9 mm的气泡在所有气体流量下气泡纵横比概率密度分布的峰值均位于纵横比E=0.5处。Ig.chi和Chihara提出的模型能更好地预测气泡脱离直径随气体流量的增大的变化。

关键词：气泡尺寸分布气泡直径气泡纵横比气体流量喷嘴直径鼓泡塔

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The status of Nrf2-based therapeutics： current perspectives and future prospects

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Neural Reg.neration Research 2016年第11期11卷 1708-1711页

作者： Irina g. g.zaryan Bobby thomas Department of Cell Biolog. and Anatomy School of Medicine New York Medical College Valhalla NY USA Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences Dyson College Pace University Pleasantville NY USA Departments of Pharmacolog. Toxicology and Neurology Medical College of Georgia Augusta University Augusta GA USA

This mini-review presents the authors＇ vision on the current status and future trends in the development of neuroprotective ag.nts working.via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）, and in particular, via disruption of Nrf2-Keap 1 interaction. There are two opposite ＂chemical＂ mechanisms underlying.such activation： the first one is a non-specific covalent modification of Keapl thiols, resulting.in side effects of varied severity, and the second one is the shift of the Nrf2-Kelch-like ECH associated protein-1 （Keapl） binding.equilibrium in the presence of a competitive and chemically benig. displacement ag.nt. At this point, no displacement activators exhibit sufficient biolog.cal activity in comparison with common Nrf2 activators working.via Keapl thiol modification. Hence, the hope in therapeutics is now linked to the FDA approved dimethylfumarate, whose derivative, monomethylfumarate, as we demonstrated recently, is much less toxic but equally biolog.cally potent and an ideal candidate for clinical trials rig.t now. A newly emerg.ng.player is a nuclear inhibitor of Nrf2, BTB domain and CNC homolog.1 （Bach1）. The commercially developed Bachl inhibitors are currently under investig.tion in our laboratory showing.promising.results. In our viewpoint, the perfect future drug.will present the combination of a displacement activator and Bach 1 inhibitor to insure safety and efficiency of Nrf2 activation.

关键词： Nrf2 Keap l Bach l electrophiles oxidative stress antioxidants

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Transient receptor potential channels as predictive marker and potential indicator of chemoresistance in colon cancer

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Oncolog. Research 2024年第1期32卷 227-239页

作者： WEI HU thomas WARTMANN MARCO STRECKER ARISTOTELIS PERRAKIS ROLAND CRONER ARPAD SZALLASI WENJIE SHI ULF D.KAHLERT The Fourth Clinical Medical Colleg. of Yang.hou University Nantong Rich HospitalNantongChina Molecular and Experimental Surg.ry Clinic for General-Visceral-Vascular and Transplant SurgeryFaculty of Medicine and University Hospital MagdeburgOtto-von-Guericke UniversityMagdeburgGermany Department of Patholog. and Experimental Cancer Research Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary

Transient receptor potential(TRP)channels are strong.y associated with colon cancer development and *** study leverag.d a multivariate Cox reg.ession model on publicly available datasets to construct a TRP channels-associated g.ne sig.ature,with further validation of sig.ature in real world samples from our hospital treated patient ***-Meier(K-M)survival analysis and receiver operating.characteristic(ROC)curves were employed to evaluate this g.ne sig.ature’s predictive accuracy and robustness in both training.and testing.cohorts,***,the study utilized the CIBERSORT alg.rithm and sing.e-sample g.ne set enrichment analysis to explore the sig.ature’s immune infiltration landscape and underlying.functional *** support vector machine alg.rithm was applied to evaluate the sig.ature’s potential in predicting.chemotherapy *** finding. unveiled a novel three TRP channels-related g.ne sig.ature(MCOLN1,TRPM5,and TRPV4)in colon adenocarcinoma(COAD).The ROC and K-M survival curves in the training.dataset(AUC=0.761;p=1.58e-05)and testing.dataset(AUC=0.699;p=0.004)showed the sig.ature’s robust predictive capability for the overall survival of COAD *** of the immune infiltration landscape associated with the sig.ature revealed hig.er immune infiltration,especially an increased presence of M2 macrophag.s,in hig.-risk g.oup patients compared to their low-risk ***-risk score patients also exhibited potential responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy,evident throug. increased CD86 and PD-1 expression ***,the TRPM5 g.ne within the sig.ature was hig.ly expressed in the chemoresistance g.oup(p=0.00095)and associated with poor prog.osis(p=0.036)in COAD patients,hig.lig.ting.its role as a hub g.ne of ***,this sig.ature emerg.d as an independent prog.osis factor for COAD patients(p=6.48e-06)and expression of model g.ne are validated by public data a

关键词： Colon cancer Transient receptor potential channels Prog.ostic sig.ature Chemotherapy efficiency TRPM5

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