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Laser produced electromagnetic pulses: generation, detection and mitigation

High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 88-146页

作者： Fabrizio Consoli Vladimir TTikhonchuk Matthieu Bardon Philip Bradford David CCarroll Jakub Cikhardt Mattia Cipriani Robert JClarke thomas ECowan colin NDanson Riccardo De Angelis Massimo De Marco Jean-Luc Dubois Bertr Etchessahar Alejro Laso Garcia David IHillier Ales Honsa Weiman Jiang Viliam Kmetik Josef Krása Yutong Li FredériéLubrano Paul McKenna Josefine Metzkes-Ng Alexre Poyé Irene Prencipe Piotr Ra¸czka Rol ASmith Roman Vrana Nigel CWoolsey Egle Zemaityte Yihang Zhang Zhe Zhang Bernhard Zielbauer David Neely ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety DepartmentC.R.Frascati00044 FrascatiItaly CELIA University of BordeauxCNRSCEA33405 TalenceFrance ELI Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences25241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic CEA DAMCESTA33116 Le BarpFrance Department of Physics York Plasma InstituteUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCUKRIChiltonDidcotOxfordshire OX110QXUK Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical Engineering16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Za Slovankou 318200 PragueCzech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institut fur Strahlenphysik01328 DresdenGermany AWE plc AldermastonReadingBerkshire RG74PRUK OxCHEDS Clarendon LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PUUK CIFS The Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) 37185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Na Slovance 218221 PragueCzech Republic School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics Scottish Universities Physics Alliance(SUPA)University of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUK Laboratory PIIM University Aix-Marseille-CNRS13397 MarseilleFrance Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion 01-497 WarsawPoland The Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK PHELIX Group GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungD-64291 DarmstadtGermany

This paper provides an up-to-date review of the problems related to the generation,detection and mitigation of strong electromagnetic pulses created in the interaction of high-power,high-energy laser pulses with different types of solid *** includes new experimental data obtained independently at several international *** mechanisms of electromagnetic field generation are analyzed and considered as a function of the intensity and the spectral range of emissions they *** major emphasis is put on the GHz frequency domain,which is the most damaging for electronics and may have important *** physics of electromagnetic emissions in other spectral domains,in particular THz and MHz,is also *** theoretical models and numerical simulations are compared with the results of experimental measurements,with special attention to the methodology of measurements and complementary *** the underlying physical processes is the basis for developing techniques to mitigate the electromagnetic threat and to harness electromagnetic emissions,which may have promising applications.

关键词： electromagnetic pulses high-power lasers diagnostics mitigation techniques

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First radiative shock experiments on the SG-Ⅱ laser

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 198-205页

作者： Francisco Suzuki-Vidal thomas Clayson Chantal Stehlé Uddhab Chaulagain Jack W.D.Halliday Mingying Sun Lei Ren Ning Kang Huiya Liu Baoqiang Zhu Jianqiang Zhu Carolina De Almeida Rossi Teodora Mihailescu Pedro Velarde Manuel Cotelo John M.Foster colin N.Danson Christopher Spindloe Jeremy P.Chittenden Carolyn Kuranz Blackett Laboratory Imperial College London First Light Fusion Ltd 3. Magdrive Ltd LERMA Sorbonne-Université ELI Beamlines Center Institute of Physics Czech Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Instituto de Fusión Nuclear Guillermo Velarde Universidad Politécnica de Madrid AWE plc. Aldermaston Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Campus University of Michigan

We report on the design and first results from experiments looking at the formation of radiative shocks on the Shenguang-Ⅱ(SG-Ⅱ) laser at the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics in ***-heating of a two-layer CH/CH-Br foil drives a～40 km/s shock inside a gas cell filled with argon at an initial pressure of 1 *** use of gas-cell targets with large(several millimetres) lateral and axial extent allows the shock to propagate freely without any wall interactions,and permits a large field of view to image single and colliding counter-propagating shocks with time-resolved,pointprojection X-ray backlighting(～20 μm source size,4.3 keV photon energy).Single shocks were imaged up to 100 ns after the onset of the laser drive,allowing to probe the growth of spatial nonuniformities in the shock *** results are compared with experiments looking at counter-propagating shocks,showing a symmetric drive that leads to a collision and stagnation from～40 ns *** present a preliminary comparison with numerical simulations with the radiation hydrodynamics code ARWEN,which provides expected plasma parameters for the design of future experiments in this facility.

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Tropical forest canopies and their relationships with climate and disturbance： results from a global dataset of consistent field-based measurements

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 77-90页

作者： marion pfeifer alemu gonsamo william woodgate luis cayuela andrew r.marshall alicia ledo timothy c.e.paine rob marchant andrew burt kim calders colin courtney-mustaphi aida cuni-sanchez nicolas j.deere dereje denu jose gonzalez de tanago robin hayward alvaro lau manuel j.macía pieter i.olivier petri pellikka hamidu seki deo shirima rebecca trevithick beatrice wedeux charlotte wheeler pantaleo k.t.munishi thomas martin abdul mustari philip j.platts school of natural and environmental sciences newcastle universityUpon TyneNewcastle NE1 7RUUK department of geography and planning university of torontoONCanada land and water commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisationYarralumlaACTAustralia school of mathematical and geospatial sciences rmit universityGPO Box 2476VMelbourneVIC 3001Australia department of biology geologyphysics and inorganic chemistryuniversidad rey juan carlosE-28933 MostolesMadridSpain tropical forest and peopleresearch centre university of the sunshine coastsippy DownsAustralia environment department university of yorkYorkUK flamingo land ltd. MaltonUK the institute of biological and environmental sciences environmental modelling groupuniversity of aberdeenAberdeenUK biological and environmental sciences university of stirlingStirling FK9 4L AUK york institute for tropical ecosystems environment departmentuniversity of yorkYork YO10 5NGUK department of geography university college londonGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK earth observation climate and optical groupnational physical laboratoryHampton RoadTeddingtonMiddlesex TW11 0LWUK department of archaeology and ancient history uppsala universitetP.O.Box 256-751 05 UppsalaSESweden center for macroecology evolution and climateuniversity of copenhagenUniversitetsparken 152100 CopenhagenDKDenmark durrell institute of conservation and ecology(dice) school of anthropology and conservationuniversity of kentCanterbury CT2 7NRUK department of biology college of natural sciencesjimma universityJimmaEthiopia wageningen university&research laboratory of geo-information science and remote sensingDroevendaalsesteeg 36708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands center for international forestry research(cifor) Situ GedeSindang BarangBogor 16680Indonesia departamento de biología área de botánicauniversidad autónoma de madridcalle Darwin 2-28049 MadridESSpain conservation ecology research unit university of pretoriaHatfieldPretoriaSouth Af

Background： Canopy structure, defined by leaf area index （LAI）, fractional vegetation cover （FCover） and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation （fAPAR）, regulates a wide range of forest functions and ecosystem services. Spatially consistent field-measurements of canopy structure are however lacking, particularly for the tropics. Methods： Here, we introduce the Global LAI database： a global dataset of field-based canopy structure measurements spanning tropical forests in four continents （Africa, Asia, Australia and the Americas）. We use these measurements to test for climate dependencies within and across continents, and to test for the potential of anthropogenic disturbance and forest protection to modulate those dependences. Results： Using data collected from 887 tropical forest plots, we show that maximum water deficit, defined across the most arid months of the year, is an important predictor of canopy structure, with all three canopy attributes declining significantly with increasing water deficit. Canopy attributes also increase with minimum temperature, and with the protection of forests according to both active （within protected areas） and passive measures （through topography）. Once protection and continent effects are accounted for, other anthropogenic measures （e.g. human population） do not improve the model. Conclusions： We conclude that canopy structure in the tropics is primarily a consequence of forest adaptation to the maximum water deficits historically experienced within a given region. Climate change, and in particular changes in drought regimes may thus affect forest structure and function, but forest protection may offer some resilience against this effect.

关键词： Leaf area index Fractional vegetation cover Fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation,Human population pressure Protected areas Drought Climate change

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Petawatt and exawatt class lasers worldwide

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第3期7卷 168-221页

作者： colin N.Danson Constantin Haefner Jake Bromage thomas Butcher Jean-Christophe FChanteloup Enam A.Chowdhury Almantas Galvanauskas Leonida A.Gizzi Joachim Hein David I.Hillier Nicholas W.Hopps Yoshiaki Kato Efim A.Khazanov Ryosuke Kodama Georg Korn Ruxin Li Yutong Li Jens Limpert Jingui Ma Chang Hee Nam David Neely Dimitrios Papadopoulos Rory R.Penman Liejia Qian Jorge J.Rocca andrey A.Shaykin Craig W.Siders Christopher Spindloe Sándor Szatmári Raoul M.G.M.Trines Jianqiang Zhu Ping Zhu Jonathan D.Zuegel AWE AldermastonReadingUK OxCHEDS Clarendon LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK CIFS Blackett LaboratoryImperial CollegeLondonUK NIF&Photon Science Directorate Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreUSA Fraunhofer Institute for Laser Technology(ILT) AachenGermany Chair for Laser Technology LLT RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser EnergeticsRochesterUSA Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryChiltonDidcotUK LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitesEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA Centre for Ultrafast Optical Science University of MichiganAnn ArborUSA Intense Laser Irradiation Laboratory Istituto Nazionale di Ottica(INO)CNRPisaItaly Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena and Helmholtz InstituteJenaGermany The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries NishikuHamamatsuJapan Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of SciencesNizhny NovgorodRussia Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsakaJapan ELI-Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute for Applied Physics(IAP)at Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena JenaGermany Helmholtz Institute Jena JenaGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering(IOF) JenaGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasma(Ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Centre for Relativistic Laser Science(CoReLS) Institute for Basic ScienceDepartment of Physics and Photon ScienceGwangju Institute of Science and Techno

In the 2015 review paper‘Petawatt Class Lasers Worldwide’a comprehensive overview of the current status of highpower facilities of>200 TW was *** was largely based on facility specifications,with some description of their uses,for instance in fundamental ultra-high-intensity interactions,secondary source generation,and inertial confinement fusion(ICF).With the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics being awarded to Professors Donna Strickland and Gerard Mourou for the development of the technique of chirped pulse amplification(CPA),which made these lasers possible,we celebrate by providing a comprehensive update of the current status of ultra-high-power lasers and demonstrate how the technology has *** are now in the era of multi-petawatt facilities coming online,with 100 PW lasers being proposed and even under *** addition to this there is a pull towards development of industrial and multi-disciplinary applications,which demands much higher repetition rates,delivering high-average powers with higher efficiencies and the use of alternative wavelengths:mid-IR *** apart from a comprehensive update of the current global status,we want to look at what technologies are to be deployed to get to these new regimes,and some of the critical issues facing their development.

关键词： exawatt lasers high-power lasers petawatt lasers ultra-high intensity

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A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 41-126页

作者： colin N.Danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin Denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm OBE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone AWE Aldermaston ReadingUK Oxford Centre for High Energy Density Science Department of PhysicsClarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Intertial Fusion Studies Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondonUK Formerly of Electrox LetchworthUK Formerly of Central Laser Facility Rutherford LaboratoryDidcotUK Formerly of Ferranti Defence Systems LincolnUK Leonardo EdinburghUK Retired AWEReadingUK Formerly of AWE ReadingUK Formerly of Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Formerly of Optilas Ltd Milton KeynesUK Retired Pro-Lite TechnologyCranfieldUK Specialised Imaging Ltd PitstoneUK Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Magna-Power Electronics Ltd ReadingUK DeBe Lasers Needham Laser TechnologiesWhitchurchUK Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK SPIE Europe CardiffUK Professor Emeritus(Physics) University of HullKingston upon HullUK Kentech Instruments Ltd WallingfordUK Department of Physics Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Professor Emeritus Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK Department of Physics Durham UniversityDurhamUK Professor Emeritus(Photonics) Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK Professor Emeritus University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Optical Surfaces Ltd KenleyUK JEH Lasers Ltd RugbyUK Scottish Universities Physics Alliance Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowUK ITER Organization Saint-Paul-lez-DuranceFrance Manx Precision Optics Ltd BallasallaUK Laser Lines Ltd BanburyUK Elliot Scientific Ltd MetroTest Scientific GroupHarpendenUK Centre for Plasma Physics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUK Retired Founderand former MDRofin-Sinar UK LtdHullUK Heraeus Noblelight Ltd CambridgeUK Mirli Books ChelmsfordUK M Squared Lasers Ltd GlasgowUK University of Hertfordshire HatfieldUK E&EO UK Ltd Barton-upon-HumberUK Department of Physics University of YorkYorkUK IC Optical Systems Ltd BeckenhamUK Laser Micromachining Ltd St AsaphUK MBDA UK Ltd Brist

The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by *** of Hughes Research Laboratories,*** laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different *** the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of *** historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years.

关键词： high-power lasers history United Kingdom

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First radiative shock experiments on the SG-II laser

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2021年第2期9卷 193-200页

作者： Francisco Suzuki-Vidal thomas Clayson Chantal Stehlé Uddhab Chaulagain Jack W.D.Halliday Mingying Sun Lei Ren Ning Kang Huiya Liu Baoqiang Zhu Jianqiang Zhu Carolina De Almeida Rossi Teodora Mihailescu Pedro Velarde Manuel Cotelo John M.Foster colin N.Danson Christopher Spindloe Jeremy P.Chittenden Carolyn Kuranz Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondonUK First Light Fusion Ltd YarntonUK LERMA Sorbonne-UniversitéObservatoire de ParisCNRSFrance ELI Beamlines Center Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of SciencesDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina Instituto de Fusión Nuclear Guillermo Velarde Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain AWE plc. AldermastonReadingUK Science and Technology Facilities Council Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell CampusChiltonDidcotUK University of Michigan Ann ArborMIUSA Current affiliation:Magdrive Ltd HarwellUK

We report on the design and first results from experiments looking at the formation of radiative shocks on the ShenguangII(SG-II)laser at the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics in ***-heating of a two-layer CH/CH–Br foil drives a∼40 km/s shock inside a gas cell filled with argon at an initial pressure of 1 *** use of gas-cell targets with large(several millimetres)lateral and axial extent allows the shock to propagate freely without any wall interactions,and permits a large field of view to image single and colliding counter-propagating shocks with time-resolved,pointprojection X-ray backlighting(∼20µm source size,4.3 keV photon energy).Single shocks were imaged up to 100 ns after the onset of the laser drive,allowing to probe the growth of spatial nonuniformities in the shock *** results are compared with experiments looking at counter-propagating shocks,showing a symmetric drive that leads to a collision and stagnation from∼40 ns *** present a preliminary comparison with numerical simulations with the radiation hydrodynamics code ARWEN,which provides expected plasma parameters for the design of future experiments in this facility.

关键词： high energy density physics laboratory astrophysics plasma physics high-power laser laser-driven shocks experiments X-ray backlighting X-ray radiography

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随钻声波测井新技术

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国外测井技术 2007年第1期22卷 53-60页

作者： Jeff Alford Roger B.Goobie colin M.Sayers Ed Tollefsen Jay Cooke Andy Hawthorn John C.Rasmus Ron thomas 美国得克萨斯州休斯敦 Helis油气公司美国得克萨斯州休斯敦美国得克萨斯州Sugar Land PPI技术服务公司美国得克萨斯州休斯敦

在诸多钻井决策中，优选泥浆比重是最具挑战性而且也是最重要的决策之一。如今，新型随钻声波测井仪器的应用能够更好地帮助钻井工程师进行这些钻井决策。

关键词：随钻声波测井技术声波测井仪器泥浆比重决策钻井挑战性工程师

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CODE-EHR:临床研究中运用结构化电子医疗记录的最佳实践框架

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第12期25卷 721-729页

作者： Dipak Kotecha Folkert W Asselbergs Stephan Achenbach Stefan DAnker Dan Atars colin Baigent Amitava Banerjee Birgit Beger Cunnar Brobert Barbara Casadei Cinzia Ceccarelli Martin R Cowie Filippo Crea Maureen Cronin Spiros Denaxas Andrea Derix Donna Fitzsimons Martin Fredriksson Chris PGale Georgios V Ckoutos Wim Goettsch Harry Hemingway Martin Ingvaris Adrian Jonas's Robert Kazmierski Susanne Logstrup R thomas Lumbers thomas F Lischer Paul McGreavy leana L Pina Lothar Roesiga Carl Steinbeisser Mats Sundgren Benoit Tyl Chislaine van Thiel Kees van Bochove Panos EVardas Tiago Villanueva Marilena Vrana Wim Weber Franz Weidinger Stephan Windecker Angela Wood Diederick E Grobbee 创新药物计划BigData@Heart联盟欧洲心脏病协会 CODE-EHR国际共识小组宋奇繁(译) 汪奕名(译) 不详重庆医药高等专科学校

改善患者生存质量是全球临床医学的发展目标,大数据是实现其发展的关键所在。技术进步使结构化电子医疗记录得以常规化,也可能会改善缺失重要临床证据的问题。虽然大数据及其相关分析在新冠大流行期间发挥了重要作用,但也存在严重的缺... 详细信息

改善患者生存质量是全球临床医学的发展目标,大数据是实现其发展的关键所在。技术进步使结构化电子医疗记录得以常规化,也可能会改善缺失重要临床证据的问题。虽然大数据及其相关分析在新冠大流行期间发挥了重要作用,但也存在严重的缺陷。证实、核验、数据隐私以及对科学研究社会责任的践行是一项重要挑战。欧洲心脏病协会和BigData@Heart联盟已经收集了包括患者代表、临床医生、科研人员、监管机构、期刊编辑和企业代表在内的多元化国际参与者,提出了CODE-EHR的最低标准框架。为改进研究设计、提高信息透明度提供方法手段,同时为实现医疗保健数据的稳健并能够有效运用制定了技术路线图。

关键词：大数据数据隐私 CODE 技术路线图科研人员信息透明度医疗保健最低标准

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加拿大沙棘利用概况及研究的主要方向

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沙棘 1998年第2期11卷 46-46页

作者： thomas S.C.Li Bill Schroeder colin Mcloughlin 王俊峰托马斯·励加拿大农业及食品研究中心加拿大农业部草场恢复局防护林中心加拿大沙棘企业有限公司不详

众所周知,几个世纪里,欧洲人和亚洲人都在开发利用沙棘,中国和俄罗斯在沙棘开发领域处领先地位。在过去的10年里,这种神奇的植物已引起世界上越来越多的学者的注意。在北美洲,近来主要是在研究沙棘的营养及药用价值。在加拿大,除萨斯... 详细信息

众所周知,几个世纪里,欧洲人和亚洲人都在开发利用沙棘,中国和俄罗斯在沙棘开发领域处领先地位。在过去的10年里,这种神奇的植物已引起世界上越来越多的学者的注意。在北美洲,近来主要是在研究沙棘的营养及药用价值。在加拿大,除萨斯喀彻温省之外,沙棘仅仅是做为一种绿化植物。而在萨斯喀彻温省,

关键词：沙棘资源开发利用研究方向加拿大

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Nature：大规模研究揭示生命所必需的基因

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现代生物医学进展 2016年第31期16卷 I0002-I0003页

作者： Dickinson, Mary E. Flenniken, Ann M. Ji, Xiao Teboul, Lydia Wong, Michael D. White, Jacqueline K. Meehan, Terrence F. Weninger, Wolfgang J. Westerberg, Henrik Adissu, Hibret Baker, Candice N. Bower, Lynette Brown, James M. Caddle, L. Brianna Chiani, Francesco Clary, Dave Cleak, James Daly, Mark J. Denegre, James M. Doe, Brendan Dolan, Mary E. Edie, Sarah M. Fuchs, Helmut Gailus-Durner, Valerie Galli, Antonella Gambadoro, Alessia Gallegos, Juan Guo, Shiying Horner, Neil R. Hsu, Chih-Wei Johnson, Sara J. Kalaga, Sowmya Keith, Lance C. Lanoue, Louise Lawson, thomas N. Lek, Monkol Mark, Manuel Arschall, Susan M. Mason, Jeremy McElwee, Melissa L. Newbigging, Susan Nutter, Lauryl M. J. Peterson, Kevin A. Ramirez-Solis, Ramiro Rowland, Douglas J. Ryder, Edward Samocha, Kaitlin E. Seavitt, John R. Selloum, Mohammed Szoke-Kovacs, Zsombor Tamura, Masaru Trainor, Amanda G. Tudose, Ilinca Wakana, Shigeharu Warren, Jonathan Wendling, Olivia West, David B. Wong, Leeyean Yoshiki, Atsushi MacArthur, Daniel G. Tocchini-Valentini, Glauco P. Gao, Xiang Flicek, Paul Bradley, Allan Skarnes, William C. Justice, Monica J. Parkinson, Helen E. Moore, Mark Wells, Sara Braun, Robert E. Svenson, Karen L. de Angelis, Martin Hrabe Herault, Yann Mohun, Tim Mallon, Ann-Marie Henkelman, R. Mark Brown, Steve D. M. Adams, David J. Lloyd, K. C. Kent McKerlie, colin Beaudet, Arthur L. Bucan, Maja Murray, Stephen A. Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys Houston TX 77030 USA Toronto Ctr Phenogen Toronto ON M5T 3H7 Canada Mt Sinai Hosp Toronto ON M5G 1X5 Canada Univ Penn Perelman Sch Med Genom & Computat Biol Program Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Med Res Council Harwell Mammalian Genet Unit Harwell OX11 0RD Oxon England Mary Lyon Ctr Harwell OX11 0RD Oxon England Hosp Sick Children Mouse Imaging Ctr Toronto ON M5T 3H7 Canada Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Cambridge CB10 1SA England European Bioinformat Inst European Mol Biol Lab Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Cambridge CB10 1SD England Med Univ Vienna Ctr Anat & Cell Biol A-1090 Vienna Austria Hosp Sick Children 555 Univ Ave Toronto ON M5G 1X8 Canada Jackson Lab 600 Main St Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA Univ Calif Davis Mouse Biol Program Davis CA 95618 USA Italian Natl Res Council CNR Inst Cell Biol & Neurobiol Monterotondo Mouse Clin I-00015 Monterotondo Italy Massachusetts Gen Hosp Analyt & Translat Genet Unit Boston MA 02114 USA Broad Inst MIT & Harvard Program Med & Populat Genet Cambridge MA 02142 USA German Res Ctr Environm Hlth Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen Inst Expt Genet D-85764 Neuherberg Germany German Mouse Clin D-85764 Neuherberg Germany Baylor Coll Med Dept Mol & Human Genet Houston TX 77030 USA Nanjing Univ Nanjing Biomed Res Inst Collaborat Innovat Ctr Genet & Dev SKL Pharmaceut Biotechnol & Model Anim Res Ctr Nanjing 210061 Jiangsu Peoples R China Univ Strasbourg ICS Infrastruct Natl PHENOMIN F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden France Univ Strasbourg INSERM CNRS IGBMC F-67404 Illkirch Graffenstaden France RIKEN BioResource Ctr Tsukuba Ibaraki 3050074 Japan Childrens Hosp Oakland Res Inst Oakland CA 94609 USA IMPC San Anselmo CA 94960 USA Tech Univ Munich Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan Chair Expt Genet D-81675 Freising Weihenstephan Germany German Ctr Diabet Res DZD D-85764 Neuherberg Germany Francis Crick Inst Mill Hill Lab Mill Hill London NW1 1AT England Univ Penn Perlman

在哺乳动物基因组中。大约三分之一的基因是生命所必需的。在一项新的研究中，来自美国贝勒医学院等多个机构的研究人员描述了这些基因的大规模发现。以及它将如何影响对哺乳动物发育和人类疾病的理解。相关研究结果在线发表在Nature期... 详细信息

在哺乳动物基因组中。大约三分之一的基因是生命所必需的。在一项新的研究中，来自美国贝勒医学院等多个机构的研究人员描述了这些基因的大规模发现。以及它将如何影响对哺乳动物发育和人类疾病的理解。相关研究结果在线发表在Nature期刊上，论文标题为“High—throughput discovery of novel developmental phenotypes”。

关键词：动物基因组生命哺乳动物研究人员人类疾病医学院

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