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Advances in the Staging and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Advances in the Staging and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carc...

2000全国肿瘤学术大会

作者： thomas W.T.leung Prof M.D.The Chinese University of hong Kong

＜正＞Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）is a common disease in Asia especially Southern China.A rising incidence in Europe and North America was recently reported as *** is one of the most aggressive types of cancers and the median survival is *** staging of HCC only takes into account tumor extent and size but does not take into account residual liver *** from different countries are trying to add other liver function related parameters

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大师的评定:试论华文文学研究的一个难题

华文文学 2019年第1期 25-31页

作者：黄维樑[香港] 不详

文学研究(包括华文文学研究),有分析和评价两部分。"分析"以观作家和作品的真,"评价"则论其善,并审其美。这里真指其内容和形式的实际表现;善指其对社会人生的正面影响;美指其艺术性。分析比较容易,评价甚为困难。文学读者和批评家常常... 详细信息

文学研究(包括华文文学研究),有分析和评价两部分。"分析"以观作家和作品的真,"评价"则论其善,并审其美。这里真指其内容和形式的实际表现;善指其对社会人生的正面影响;美指其艺术性。分析比较容易,评价甚为困难。文学读者和批评家常常会说某某为"大师",大师之称有时满天飞。批评家从事文学评价时,应力求客观,笔者提出评定文学大师的标准如下:一,大格局;二,大篇幅;三,大创意;四,大好评;五,大影响;六,大销量。关于创意,可引用《文心雕龙》的"通变"理论等来论述;批评家要极为"博观",才能发现创意的存在与否。关于格局、篇幅、好评、影响、销量,都涉及"量化"研究。在影响方面,朱寿桐的"文学存在"说可借重。得诺贝尔奖的作家未必就可称为大师。大师的作品,理应成为未来的经典,但也不一定。一个时代有多少作家可称为大师呢,是极难回答的问题。当代有没有华文文学的大师?笔者对此有所议论。

关键词：文学大师华文文学文学评价金庸余光中

Photodynamic therapy-mediated modulation of inflammatory cytokine production by Epstein–Barr virus-infected nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第4期7卷 323-326页

作者： Ho-Kee Koon Kwok-wai Lo Kwok-Nam leung Maria Li Lung Chris Chi-Kwong Chang Ricky Ngok-Shun Wong Wing-Nang leung Nai-Ki Mak Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHong Kong Department of Anatomical and Cellular Biology and State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China Prince of Wales HospitalShatinHong Kong Department of Biochemistry and Food and nutritional Sciences Programme The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong Department of Biology Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong Department of Chemistry Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonHong Kong School of Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant disease associated with Epstein–Barr virus(EBV)*** study aims to examine the effects of EBV infection on the production of proinflammatory cytokines in NPC cells after the Zn-BC-AM photodynamic therapy(PDT)*** were treated with the photosensitiser Zn-BC-AM for 24 h before light *** ELISA was used to evaluate the production of *** the same experimental condition,HK-1-EBV cells produced a higher basal level of IL-1a(1561 pg/ml),IL-1b(16.6 pg/ml)and IL-8(422.9 pg/ml)than the HK-1 *** the light dose of 0.25–0.5 J/cm2,Zn-BC-AM PDT-treated HK-1-EBV cells were found to produce a higher level of IL-1a and IL-1b than the HK-1 *** production of IL-1b appeared to be mediated via the IL-1b-converting enzyme(ICE)-independent *** contrast,the production of angiogenic IL-8 was downregulated in both HK-1 and HK-1-EBV cells after Zn-BC-AM *** results suggest that Zn-BC-AM PDT might indirectly reduce tumour growth through the modulation of cytokine production.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy nasopharyngeal carcinoma cytokines Epstein-Barr virus

Does Minimizing Ventricular Pacing Reduce the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation ? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2020年第3期5卷 1-7页

作者： Ishan Lakhani Mengqi Gong Cheuk wai Wong George Bazoukis Konstantinos PLetsas Guangping Li Khalid bin Wahleed Yunlong Xia Adrian Baranchuk Gary Tse Keith Sai Kit leung Tong Liu Dong Chang Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionPeople’s Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease Department of CardiologyTianjin Institute of CardiologySecond Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211People’s Republic of China Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongSpecial Administrative RegionPeople’s Republic of China Second Department of Cardiology Laboratory of Cardiac ElectrophysiologyEvangelismos General Hospital of AthensAthensGreece Department of Cardiology First Affi liated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianChina Division of Cardiology Kingston General HospitalQueen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital Xiamen UniversityXiamenFujianPeople’s Republic of China Aston Medical School Aston UniversityBirminghamUnited Kingdom

Background:Right ventricular pacing disrupts atrioventricular synchrony and increases the risk of atrial fi brillation(AF).However,whether algorithms for minimizing ventricular pacing reduce the incidence of AF remains ***,we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the incidence of AF between minimizing ventricular pacing and conventional pacing protocols in patients with pacemakers ***:The PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to August 1,2017,for randomized controlled trials that reported the incidence of AF in patients with and without the use of algorithms for minimizing ventricular ***:Eleven studies comprising 5705 participants(61%males,mean age 71 years[standard deviation 11 years])were fi nally included in the *** mean follow-up duration was 24 *** of algorithms for minimizing ventricular pacing signifi cantly reduced the incidence of AF,with an odds ratio of 0.74(95%confi dence interval 0.55–1.00;P<0.05).There was moderate heterogeneity among studies(I 2=63%).Conclusions:The incidence of AF was reduced by 26%with use of algorithms for minimizing ventricular *** incorporation of such algorithms in routine clinical practice should in theory lead to a decrease in AF-related morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation minimizing ventricular pacing pacemaker

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寻索后后现代城市的灵性与正义

上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2011年第1期40卷 23-33页

作者：梁燕城加拿大文化更新研究中心上海师范大学都市文化研究中心上海200234

西方全球化发展,形成"受伤城市",后现代极端自由主义文化,形成自我中心主义(Egoism),引致城市精神文化与道德崩落。当代西方城市文化的困境,是马克思早年所谓的"异化"(alienation),城市建筑中,人都用铁窗、铁闸把自己锁在屋内,结果形成... 详细信息

西方全球化发展,形成"受伤城市",后现代极端自由主义文化,形成自我中心主义(Egoism),引致城市精神文化与道德崩落。当代西方城市文化的困境,是马克思早年所谓的"异化"(alienation),城市建筑中,人都用铁窗、铁闸把自己锁在屋内,结果形成"枷锁城市"(carceral city)。一个正义的城市,必须有义人传统,要解决当代城市这些问题,须了解城市是一个"他者共在的世界",由此寻索一个城市和谐文化的方向。蒲伯(Martin Buber)提出的"我—你"思想模式,关键就是要把"他者"视为一个完整的存在,人与人须建立一种真诚的关系。这人与他者间建立和谐关系的思想,在中国文化来说,就是"仁义"的理念。仁是人性中一种对"他者"的"感通",义则是正直合宜的行为。设计一个后后现代的城市,必须考虑一个文化的空间,建造一个有仁义感通的精神文化。

关键词：受伤城市异化义人他者感通情际关系我—你关系

Meteorin-β/Meteorin like/IL-41 attenuates airway inflammation in house dust mite-induced allergic asthma

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第2期19卷 245-259页

作者： Xun Gao Ting-Fan leung Gary Wing-Kin Wong Wing-Hung Ko Mengyun Cai Ellie Jiayi He Ida Miu-Ting Chu Miranda Sin-Man Tsang Ben Chung-Lap Chan Jiawei Ling Xiao Fan Liwei Lu Christopher wai-Kei Lam Chun-Kwok Wong Department of Chemical Pathology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Paediatrics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Emory College of Arts and Sciences Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Faculty of Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R&D Centre for Chinese Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

We sought to examine the regulatory effect of Meteorin-β(Metrnβ)/Meteorin like(Metrnl)/IL-41 on lung inflammation in allergic *** found that Metrnβwas elevated significantly in asthmatic patients and in mice with allergic asthma induced by house dust mite(HDM)*** exposure to HDM,Metrnβwas secreted predominantly by airway epithelial cells and inflammatory cells,including macrophages and *** increased Metrnβeffectively blocked the development of airway hyperreactivity(AHR)and decreased inflammatory cell airway infiltration and type 2 cytokine production,which was associated with downregulated DC-mediated adaptive immune ***,Metrnβimpaired the maturation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in *** mice adoptively transferred with dendritic cells isolated from Metrnβ-treated allergic mice displayed decreased AHR,airway inflammation,and lung ***βalso displayed anti-inflammatory properties in immunodeficient SCID mice with allergic asthma and in in vitro 3D ALI airway ***,blockade of Metrnβby anti-Metrnβantibody treatment promoted the development of allergic *** results revealed the unappreciated protective roles of Metrnβin alleviating DC-mediated Th2 inflammation in allergic asthma,providing the novel treatment strategy of therapeutic targeting of Metrnβin allergic asthma.

关键词： Metrnβ Eosinophils Dendritic cells Allergic asthma Air-liquid interface

Management of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes

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Chinese Medical Journal 2002年第1期115卷 129-135页

作者： Critchley JA Zhao HL Tomlinson B leung W thomas GN Chan JC Cockram CS Chinese Univ hong Kong Prince Wales Hosp Dept Med & Therapeut Div Clin Pharmacol Shatin Hong Kong Peoples R China

Purpose To review evidence-based management of nephropathy in patients with type 2 *** sources A literature search (MEDLINE 1966 to 2000) was performed using the key word 'diabetic nephropathy'. Relevant book chapters were also *** selection Well-controlled, prospective landmark studies and expert review articles on diabetic nephropathy were *** extraction Data and conclusions from the selected articles that provide solid evidence to the optimal management of diabetic nephropathy were extracted and interpreted in light of our clinical research experience with many thousands of hong Kong Chinese *** Hypertension, long diabetes duration, poor glycaemic control and central obesity are the most important risk factors. Microalbuminuria is a practical marker to predict overt nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Risk factor modification, renal function monitoring and combined therapies are the current integrated approaches to manage patients with diabetic kidney disease. Optimal glycaemic control is the mainstay of treatment but effective antihypertensive therapy is also key to delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin Ⅱ receptor antagonists have important renoprotective actions independent of their blood pressure lowering actions. Conclusions Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Monitoring renal function and screening for microalbuminuria will allow the identification of patients with nephropathy at a very early stage for intervention. Tight glycaemic control and aggressive antihypertensive treatment as well as the use of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors should substantially delay the progression of nephropathy.

关键词： type 2 diabetes · nephropathy · albuminuria · hypertension · renin-angiotensin system

LRRK2, GBA and their interaction in the regulation of autophagy: implications on therapeutics in Parkinson’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 869-882页

作者： Shirley Yin-Yu Pang Rachel Cheuk Nam Lo Philip Wing-Lok Ho Hui-Fang Liu Eunice Eun Seo Chang Chi-Ting leung Yasine Malki Zoe Yuen-Kiu Choi Wing Yan Wong Michelle Hiu-wai Kung David Boyer Ramsden Shu-Leong Ho Division of Neurology Department of MedicineQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research University of BirminghamBirminghamUK.

Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and glucocerebrosidase (GBA) represent two most common genetic causes of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Both genes are important in the autophagic-lysosomal pathway (ALP), defects of which are associated with α-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation. LRRK2 regulates macroautophagy via activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) kinase (MEK) and the calcium-dependent adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways. Phosphorylation of Rab GTPases by LRRK2 regulates lysosomal homeostasis and endosomal trafficking. Mutant LRRK2 impairs chaperone-mediated autophagy, resulting in α-syn binding and oligomerization on lysosomal membranes. Mutations in GBA reduce glucocerebrosidase (GCase) activity, leading to glucosylceramide accumulation, α-syn aggregation and broad autophagic abnormalities. LRRK2 and GBA influence each other: GCase activity is reduced in LRRK2 mutant cells, and LRRK2 kinase inhibition can alter GCase activity in GBA mutant cells. Clinically, LRRK2 G2019S mutation seems to modify the effects of GBA mutation, resulting in milder symptoms than those resulting from GBA mutation alone. However, dual mutation carriers have an increased risk of PD and earlier age of onset compared with single mutation carriers, suggesting an additive deleterious effect on the initiation of PD pathogenic processes. Crosstalk between LRRK2 and GBA in PD exists, but its exact mechanism is unclear. Drugs that inhibit LRRK2 kinase or activate GCase are showing efficacy in pre-clinical models. Since LRRK2 kinase and GCase activities are also altered in idiopathic PD (iPD), it remains to be seen if these drugs will be useful in disease modification of iPD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Interaction LRRK2 GBA GCase Mutation Autophagy α-Synuclein

Identification of optimal contemporary antiemetic prophylaxis for doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide chemotherapy in Chinese cancer patients: post-hoc analysis of 3 prospective studies

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2021年第3期18卷 825-832页

作者： Winnie Yeo leung Li thomas KH Lau Kwai T Lai Vicky,TC Chan Kwan H Wong Christopher CH Yip Elizabeth Pang Maggie Cheung Vivian Chan Carol CH Kwok Joyce JS Suen Frankie KF Mo Department of Clinical Oncology Prince of Wales HospitalFaculty of MedicineHong Kong Cancer InstituteHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Clinical Oncology Princess Margaret HospitalHong KongChina

Objective:Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting(CINV)are common with doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide(AC)*** antiemetic regimens incorporate neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist(NK1 RA),5-hydroxytryptamine type-3 receptor antagonist(5 HT3 RA),corticosteroid,and dopamine *** post-hoc analysis compared results of 3 prospective antiemetic studies conducted among Chinese breast cancer patients who received(neo)adjuvant AC,in order to identify optimal antiemetic ***:A total of 304 patients were included:Group 1,ondansetron/dexamethasone(D1);Group 2,aprepitant/ondansetron/dexamethasone(D1);Group 3,aprepitant/ondansetron/dexamethasone(D1–3);Group 4,aprepitant/ondansetron/dexamethasone(D1–3)/olanzapine;and Group 5,netupitant/palonosetron/dexamethasone(D1–3).Antiemetic efficacies of Groups 3,4,and 5 during cycle 1 of AC were individually compared with Group *** addition,emesis outcomes of patients in Groups 3 and 5,and those of Groups 2 and 3,were ***:When comparing efficacies of a historical doublet(5 HT3 RA/dexamethasone)with triplet antiemetic regimens(NK1 RA/5 HT3 RA/dexamethasone)with/without olanzapine,complete response(CR)percentages and quality of life(QOL)in overall phase of cycle 1 AC were compared between Group 1 and the other groups:Group 1 vs.3,41.9%vs.38.3%(P=0.6849);Group 1 vs.4,41.9%vs.65.0%(P=0.0107);and Group 1 vs.5,41.9%vs.60.0%(P=0.0460).Groups 4 and 5 achieved a better *** comparing netupitant-based(Group 3)with aprepitant-based(Group 5)triplet antiemetics,CR percentages were 38.3%vs.60.0%,respectively(P=0.0176);Group 5 achieved a better *** comparing 1 day(Group 2)vs.3 day(Group 3)dexamethasone,CR percentages were 46.8%and 38.3%,respectively(P=0.3459);Group 3 had a worse ***:Aprepitant-containing triplets were non-superior to doublet ***-containing triplets and adding olanzapine to aprepitant-containing triplets were superior to ***/palono

关键词： Netupitant palonosetron aprepitant olanzapine NEPA Asians