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Decreased bioavailability of aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA)in genetically modified corn w.th activated carbon or calcium montmorillonite clay inclusion in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 131-143页

作者： Sara E.Hearon Meichen w.ng thomas J.McDonald Timothy D.phillips Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Department College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M Uniuersity College StationTx 77845USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station400 Bizzell St College StationTX 77843USA

The w.despread use of pesticides has resulted in detectable residues throughout the environment,sometimes at concentrations w.ll above regulatory ***,the development of safe,effective,field-practical,and economically feasible strategies to mitigate the effects of pesticides is *** is an organophosphorus herbicide that is degraded to aminomethylphosphonic acid(AMPA),a toxic and persistent metabolite that can accumulate in soil and sediment and translocate to *** this study,w. investigated the binding efficacy of activated carbon(AC)and calcium montmorillonite(CM)clay to decrease AMPA bioavailability from soil and AMPA translocation to *** isotherms and thermodynamic studies on AC and CM w.re conducted and show.d tight binding(enthalpy values>-20 k J/mol)for AMPA w.th high capacities(0.25 mol/kg and 0.38 mol/kg,respectively),based on derivations from the Langmuir model.A hydra assay w.s utilized to indicate toxicity of AMPA and the inclusion of 1%AC and CM both resulted in 90%protection of the hydra(**p≤0.01).Further studies in glyphosate-contaminated soil show.d that AC and CM significantly reduced AMPA bioavailability by 53%and 44%,*** in genetically modified(GM)corn show.d a conversion of glyphosate to AMPA in roots and sprouts over a 10-day exposure *** of AC and CM reduced AMPA residues in roots and sprouts by 47%-61%.These studies collectively indicate that AC and CM are effective sorbents for AMPA and could be used to reduce AMPA bioavailability from soil and AMPA residues in GM corn plants.

关键词： Glyphosate AMPA Activated carbon Calcium montmorillonite Sorbent

Capacity of Old Trees to Respond to Environmental Change

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1355-1364页

作者： Nathan G.phillips thomas N.Buckley David T.Tissue Centre for Plant and Food Science University of Western Sydney Department of Geography and Environment Boston University Department of Biology Sonoma State University School of Biological Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South Wales Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre

Atmospheric carbon dioxide [CO2] has increased dramatically w.thin the current life spans of long-lived trees and old forests. Consider that a 500-year-old tree in the early tw.nty-first century has spent 70% of its life grow.ng under preindustrial levels of [CO2], w.ich w.re 30% low.r than current levels. Here w. address the question of w.ether old trees have already responded to the rapid rise in [CO2] occurring over the past 150 years. In spite of limited data, aging trees have been show. to possess a substantial capacity for increased net grow.h after a period of post-maturity grow.h decline. Observations of renew.d grow.h and physiological function in old trees have, in some instances, coincided w.th Industrial Age increases in key environmental resources, including [CO2], suggesting the potential for continued grow.h in old trees as a function of continued global climate change.

关键词： carbon dioxide hydraulic limitation old grow.h stomata tree rings.

No association betw.en phosphatase and tensin homolog genetic polymorphisms and colon cancer

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第30期15卷 3771-3775页

作者： Lynette S phillips Cheryl L Thompson Alona Merkulova Sarah J Plummer thomas C Tucker Graham Case Li Li Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106-7136 United States Departments of Family Medicine and Epidemiology and Biostatistics Case Center for Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106-7136m United States Department of Cancer Biology Cleveland Clinic Foundation Cleveland OH 44195-0001 United States Graham Casey Department of Preventive Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90033-1006 United States assisted w.th patient referrals recruitment and reviewed the manuscript coordinated the lab w.rk and review.d the manuscript Li L led the study design data collection and assisted with the manuscript preparation

AIM: To investigate the association betw.en single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumor suppressor gene and risk of colon cancer. METHODS: w. utilized a population-based casecontrol study of incident colon cancer individuals (n= 421) and controls (n = 483) aged ≥ 30 years to conduct a comprehensive tagSNP association analysis of the PTEN gene. RESULTS: None of the PTEN SNPs w.re statistically significantly associated w.th colon cancer w.en controlled for age, gender, and race, or w.en additionally adjusted for other know. risk factors (P > 0.05). Haplotype analyses similarly show.d no association betw.en the PTEN gene and colon cancer. CONCLUSION: Our study does not support PTEN as a colon cancer susceptibility gene.

关键词： Colon cancer Phosphatase and tensinhomolog Candidate gene Genetic polymorphisms Single nucleotide polymorphism association

Transradial versus transfemoral access for anterior circulation mechanical thrombectomy: analysis of 375 consecutive cases

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第2期6卷 207-213页

作者： Timothy John phillips Matthew.thomas Crockett Gregory D Selkirk Ruchi Kabra Albert Ho Yuen Chiu Tejinder Singh Constantine Phatouros w.lliam McAuliffe Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of w.stern Australia Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of w.stern Australia Fiona Stanley HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of w.stern Australia Royal Perth HospitalPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Objective To compare transradial artery access(TRA)to the gold standard of transfemoral artery access(TFA)in mechanical thrombectomy(MT)for stroke caused by anterior circulation large vessel *** The clinical outcomes,procedural speed,angiographic efficacy and safety of both techniques w.re analysed in 375 consecutive cases over an 18-month period in a high volume statew.de neurointerventional *** There w.s no significant difference in patient characteristics,stroke parameters,imaging techniques or intracranial *** median time elapsed betw.en CT scanning and reperfusion w.s 96.5 min(IQR 68-123)in the TFA group and 95 min(IQR 68-123)in the TRA group(p=0.456).Of 336 patients w.o w.re independent at presentation 58%(124/214)of the TFA group and 67%(82/122)of the TRA group had a modified Rankin score of 0-2 at 90-day follow.up(p=0.093).Cross-over from radial to femoral w.s 4.6%(4/130)compared w.th 1.6%cross-over from femoral to radial(4/245),but did not meet the predetermined level of statistical significance(OR2.92,95% CI 0.81 to 10.52,p=0.088) and did not impact median procedural *** angiographic reperfusion,first pass reperfusion,embolisation to new.territory and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage w.re similar in both *** w.s a significant difference in major access site complications requiring an additional *** of the TRA cases had a major access site complication but 6.5%(16/245)of the TFA cases did(p=0.003).Conclusion This study suggests that using TRA for anterior circulation MT is fast,efficacious,safe and not inferior to the gold standard of TFA.

关键词： service radial cases

Preliminary evaluation of a decision support tool for biochar amendment

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Biochar 2020年第1期2卷 93-105页

作者： Claire L.phillips Sarah E.Light Adam Lindsley thomas A.w.nzek Kylie M.Meyer Kristin M.Trippe USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit 3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR 97331USA University of California Cooperative Extension 142A Garden HighwayYuba CityCA 95991USA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA

Meta-analyses have show. that only about half of biochar addition studies report improved plant *** improve yield response,here w. describe a decision support tool(DST)for selecting a biochar type and amendment rate to meet soil and crop management goals,based on soil and biochar tests values and crop requirements as reported by regional extension *** data from a greenhouse w.eat trial,w. assessed w.ether this approach could predict changes in soil chemistry and w.ether it could identify soils in w.ich amendment w.uld stimulate crop *** data indicated that the DST could provide semi-quantitative predictions of biochar amendment rates needed to meet target soil pH levels,w.th recommended rates averaging 25%higher than w.re *** DST w.s better at predicting biochar application rates to provision P and *** six soil types,post-harvest measurements of extractable-K show.d an average 104%recovery of the quantities estimated to be provisioned by conifer w.od or w.eat straw.***-P recovery averaged 101%in tw. sandy soils w.th low.P-retention but w.s considerably low.r in four soils w.th higher P-retention ***-house data also show.d that w.eat grow.h improved only w.en biochar alleviated pH that w.s substantially below.critical thresholds for plant grow.h,and supported the principle of using crop-specific pH requirements as part of an approach for biochar *** field trials that evaluate yield responses in several nutrient-deficient or acidified soils w.ll be needed to provide a robust evaluation of this DST.

关键词： w.eat Liming Phosphorous Potassium Yield response

Tow.rds predicting biochar impacts on plant-available soil nitrogen content

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 1040-1054页

作者： Claire L.phillips Kylie M.Meyer Manuel Garcia-Jaramillo Clara S.w.idman Catherine E.Stew.rt thomas w.nzek Michael A.Grusak Donald w.w.tts Jeff Novak Kristin M.Trippe USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Agriculture and Environment AmesIAUSA USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit CorvallisORUSA Department of Environmental Toxicology Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA USDA-ARS Soil Management and Sugarbeet Research Unit Ft.CollinsCOUSA USDA-ARS Edw.rd T.Schafer Agricultural Research Center FargoNDUSA USDA-ARS Coastal Plain Soil Waterand Plant Research CenterFlorenceSCUSA

Biochars can improve soil health but have been w.dely show. to reduce plant-available nitrogen(N)ow.ng to their high carbon(C)content,w.ich stimulates microbial ***,because biochars contain large amounts of C that are not microbially available,their total elemental C:N ratio does not correspond w.ll w.th impacts on soil *** hypothesized that impacts on soil plant-available N w.uld relate to biochar mineralizable-C(C_(min))content,and that C:N ratios of the mineralizable biochar component could provide a means for predicting conditions of net soil N-mineralization *** conducted tw. laboratory experiments,the first measuring biochar C_(min)from respiration of isotopically labeled barley biochars manufactured at 300,500,and 750℃,and the second characterizing C_(min)by proxy measurements for ten biochars from six feedstocks at several *** both experiments,soils w.re incubated w.th 2%biochar by mass to determine impacts to soil *** to expectation,all the biochars increased soil N-mineralization relative to unamended *** unexpected,higher temperature(500 and 700℃)barley biochars w.th less C_(min)stimulated more soil decomposition and more soil N-mineralization than a 350℃barley ***,across diverse biochar feedstocks and production methods,none of the biochar characteristics correlated w.th soil *** finding of improved soil N-mineralization adds complexity to the range of soil N responses that can be expected in response to biochar *** of the limited ability to predict soil N responses from biochar properties,users should monitor soil N to manage soil fertility.

关键词： C:N ratio Plant-available nitrogen Priming Respiration ^(13)C

Time dependent integration of matrix metalloproteinases and their targeted substrates directs axonal sprouting and synaptogenesis follow.ng central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第4期9卷 362-376页

作者： Linda L.phillips Julie L.Chan Adele E.Doperalski thomas M.Reeves Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Over the past tw. decades, many investigators have reported how.extracellular matrix molecules act to regulate neuroplasticity. The majority of these studies involve proteins w.ich are targets of matrix metalloproteinases. Importantly, these enzyme/substrate interactions can regulate degenerative and regenerative phases of synaptic plasticity, directing axonal and dendritic reorganization after brain insult. The present review.first summarizes literature support for the prominent role of matrix metalloproteinases during neuroregeneration, follow.d by a discussion of data contrasting adaptive and maladaptive neuroplasticity that reveals time-dependent metalloproteinase/substrate regulation of postinjury synaptic recovery. The potential for these enzymes to serve as therapeutic targets for enhanced neuroplasticity after brain injury is illustrated w.th experiments demonstrating that metalloproteinase inhibitors can alter adaptive and maladaptive outcome. Finally, the complexity of metalloproteinase role in reactive synaptogenesis is revealed in new.studies show.ng how.these enzymes interact w.th immune molecules to mediate cellular response in the local regenerative environment, and are regulated by novel binding partners in the brain extracellular matrix. Together, these different examples show.the complexity w.th w.ich metalloproteinases are integrated into the process of neuroregeneration, and point to a promising new.angle for future studies exploring how.to facilitate brain plasticity.

关键词： neuroregeneration reactive synaptogenesis matrix metalloproteinases brain injury adaptive and maladaptive neuroplasticity metalloproteinase inhibition osteopontin lipocalin 2

Kilow.tt-class high-energy frequency conversion to 95 J at 10 Hz at 515 nm

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High Pow.r Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第5期11卷 153-156页

作者： Martin Divoky Jonathan phillips Jan Pilar Martin Hanus Petr Navratil Ondrej Denk Tomas Paliesek Patricie Severova Danielle Clarke Martin Smrz thomas Butcher Chris Edw.rds John Collier Tomas Mocek HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of SciencesDolni BrezanyCzech Republic Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK

w. report on frequency doubling of high-energy,high repetition rate ns pulses from a cryogenically gas cooled multi-slab ytterbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser system,Bivoj/DiPOLE,using a type-I phase matched lithium triborate *** achieved conversion to 515 nm w.th energy of 95 J at repetition rate of 10 Hz and conversion efficiency of 79%.High conversion efficiency w.s achieved due to successful depolarization compensation of the fundamental input beam.

关键词： diode pumped solid state laser frequency conversion high energy high average pow.r

Pushing the boundaries of diode-pumped solid-state lasers for high-energy applications

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High Pow.r Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 77-79页

作者： Saumyabrata Banerjee Paul Mason Jonathan phillips Jodie Smith thomas Butcher Jacob Spear Mariastefania De Vido Gary Quinn Danielle Clarke Klaus Ertel Cristina Hernez-Gomez Chris Edw.rds John Collier Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcot OX110QXUK Heriot-w.tt University School of Engineering and Physical SciencesEH144ASUK

w. report on the successful demonstration of a 150 J nanosecond pulsed cryogenic gas cooled,diode-pumped multi-slab Yb:YAG laser operating at 1 *** the best of our know.edge,this is the highest energy ever recorded fo... 详细信息

关键词： cryogenic gas cooling diode-pumped solid-state laser multi-slab amplifier Yb:YAG