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Interferon-γ inhibits ghrelin expression and secretion via a somatostatin-mediated mechanism

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第26期17卷 3117-3125页

作者： Jesper AB Strickertsson Kristina BV DΦssing Anna JM Aabakke Hans-Olof Nilsson thomas vo hansen Ulrich Knigge Andreas Kjr Torkel Wadstrm Lennart Friis-hansen Genomic Medicine Department of Clinical BiochemistryRigshospitaletUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Microbiology University of Lund Department of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery RigshospitaletUniversity of Copenhagen Department of Clinical Physiology RigshospitaletUniversity of Copenhagen

AIM- To investigate if and how the proinflammatory cytokine interferon γ （IFNγ） affects ghrelin expression in mice. METHODS： The plasma concentration of ghrelin, and gastric ghrelin and somatostatin expression, were ex- amined in wild-type mice and mice infected with Helico- bacter pylori （H. pylorO. Furthermore, ghrelin expression was examined in two achlorhydric mouse models with varying degrees of gastritis due to bacterial overgrowth. To study the effect of IFNγ, alone, mice were given a subcutaneous infusion of IFNγ, for 7 d. Finally, the influ- ence of IFNγ, and somatostatin on the ghrelin promoter was characterized. RESULTS： H. py/ori infection was associated with a 50% reduction in ghrelin expression and plasma concentration. Suppression of ghrelin expression was in- versely correlated with gastric inflammation in achlorh- dyric mouse models. Subcutaneous infusion of IFNγ, suppressed fundic ghrelin mRNA expression and plasma ghrelin concentrations. Finally, we showed that the ghrelin promoter operates under the control of soma- tostatin but not under that of IFNγ. CONCLUSION： Gastric infection and inflammation is associated with increased IFNγ, expression and reduced ghrelin expression. IFNγ, does not directly control ghre- lin expression but inhibits it indirectly via somatostatin.

关键词： Ghrelin Interferon-γ Somatostatin Inflam-matory diseases He/icobacterpy/ori

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MEMS-actuated terahertz metamaterials driven by phase-transition materials

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2024年第2期17卷 23-32页

作者： Zhixiang Huang Weipeng Wu Eric Herrmann Ke Ma Zizwe A.Chase thomas A.Searles M.Benjamin Jungfleisch Xi Wang Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Department of Physics and Astronomy College of Arts and SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDE 19716USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA

The non-ionizing and penetrative characteristics of terahertz(THz)radiation have recently led to its adoption across a variety of *** effectively utilize THz radiation,modulators with precise control are *** most recent THz modulators manipulate the amplitude,frequency,or phase of incident THz radiation,considerably less progress has been made toward THz polarization *** methods for polarization control suffer from high driving voltages,restricted modulation depth,and narrow band capabilities,which hinder device performance and broader ***,an ideal THz modulator that offers high modulation depth along with ease of processing and operation is *** this paper,we propose and realize a THz metamaterial comprised of microelectromechanical systems(MEMS)actuated by the phase-transition material vanadium dioxide(vo_(2)).Simulation and experimental results of the three-dimensional metamaterials show that by leveraging the unique phase-transition attributes of vo_(2),our THz polarization modulator offers notable advancements over existing designs,including broad operation spectrum,high modulation depth,ease of fabrication,ease of operation condition,and continuous modulation *** enhanced features make the system a viable candidate for a range of THz applications,including telecommunications,imaging,and radar systems.

关键词： Metamaterials MEMS THz vo_(2) Phase-transition material

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Trajectory sampling and finite-size effects in first-principles stopping power calculations

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 238-246页

作者： Alina Kononov thomas W.Hentschel Stephanie B.hansen Andrew D.Baczewski Center for Computing Research Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA School of Applied&Engineering Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Pulsed Power Sciences Center Sandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Real-time time-dependent density functional theory(TDDFT)is presently the most accurate available method for computing electronic stopping powers from first ***,obtaining application-relevant results often involves either costly averages over multiple calculations or ad hoc selection of a representative ion *** consider a broadly applicable,quantitative metric for evaluating and optimizing trajectories in this *** methodology enables rigorous analysis of the failure modes of various common trajectory choices in crystalline *** randomly selecting trajectories is common practice in stopping power calculations in solids,we show that nearly 30%of random trajectories in an FCC aluminum crystal will not representatively sample the material over the time and length scales feasibly simulated with TDDFT,and unrepresentative choices incur errors of up to 60%.We also show that finite-size effects depend on ion trajectory via“ouroboros”effects beyond the prevailing plasmon-based interpretation,and we propose a cost-reducing scheme to obtain converged results even when expensive core-electron contributions preclude large *** work helps to mitigate poorly controlled approximations in first-principles stopping power calculations,allowing 1–2 order of magnitude cost reductions for obtaining representatively averaged and converged results.

关键词： size prevailing selecting

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Effect of Prometheus liver assist system on systemic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis: A randomized controlled study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2065-2071页

作者： thomas Dethloff Flemming Tofteng Hans-Jorgen Frederiksen Michael Hojskov Bent Adel hansen Fin Stolze Larsen Department of Hepatology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark Department of Anaesthesia Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark

AIM： To evaluate treatment safety and hemodynamic changes during a single 6-h treatment with the PrometheusTM liver assist system in a randomized, controlled study. METHODS： Twenty-four patients were randomized to either the study group or to one of two control groups： Fractionated Plasma Separation Adsorption and Dialysis, PrometheusTM system （Study group; n = 8）; Molecular Adsorbent Recirculation System （MARS）TM （Control group 1, n = 8）; or hemodialysis （Control group 2; n = 8）. All patients included in the study had decompensated cirrhosis at the time of the inclusion into the study. Circulatory changes were monitored with a Swan-Ganz catheter and bilirubin and creatinine were monitored as measures of protein-bound and water-soluble toxins. RESULTS： Systemic hemodynamics did not differ between treatment and control groups apart from an increase in arterial pressure in the MARS group （P = 0.008）. No adverse effects were observed in any of the groups. Creatinine levels significantly decreased in the MARS group （P = 0.03） and hemodialysis group （P = 0.04）. Platelet count deceased in the Prometheus group （P = 0.04）.CONCLUSION： Extra-corporal liver support with Prometheus is proven to be safe in patients with endstage liver disease but does not exert the beneficial effects on arterial pressure as seen in the MARS group,

关键词： Extra-corporal liver therapy Prometheus Molecular Adsorbent Recirculation System Systemic hemodynamics

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Validation of the Danish version of the musculoskeletal tumour society score questionnaire

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第1期10卷 23-32页

作者： Casper Kloster Pingel Saebye Johnny Keller thomas Baad-hansen Sarcoma Centre of Aarhus University Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery Aarhus University Hospital

BACKGROUND The musculoskeletal tumour society score(MSTS) is a well-known questionnaire for measuring functional outcome in patients with neoplasms in the *** guidelines for cross-cultural translation and validation ensure the equivalence of content between the original and translated versions. The translation and validation provide the possibility to compare different sarcoma populations on an international level. This study is based on the hypothesis that the Danish MSTS questionnaire is a valid tool for measuring the end result after surgery for neoplasms in the *** To validate the Danish version of the upper and lower extremity version of the *** The translation of the MSTS was conducted in accordance with international guidelines. Patients operated for sarcomas and aggressive benign tumors were invited to participate in the study. The psychometric properties of the Danish version of the MSTS were tested in terms of validity and reliability and for the risk of floor or ceiling effect. Spearman's rank coefficient was used to test the validity by comparing with the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score(TESS). The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient(ICC) was used to evaluate inter-rater reliability. Cronbach's alpha was used to test for internal consistency. Spearman's rank coefficient was used to compare the MSTS lower extremity version with the objective test, Timed Up and Go(TUG).RESULTS The upper extremity version demonstrated an ICC of 0.95 in the inter-rater reliability test. The lower extremity version had an ICC of 0.88 in the inter-rater reliability test, respectively. Both MSTS versions showed a ceiling effect. Thevalidity of the MSTS was measured by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient by comparing the MSTS with the TESS and found it to be of 0.80(P < 0.01) and 0.83(P < 0.01) for the upper extremity and lower extremity version, respectively. A Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of-0.26(P < 0.01) was found betwee

关键词： Sarcoma Patient outcome assessment Clinical oncology Surgical oncology Patient satisfaction

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Dual and opposing roles of EIN3 reveal a generation conflict during seed growth

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 363-371页

作者： Juliane Heydlauff Isil Erbasol Serbes Dieu vo Yanbo Mao Sonja Gieseking thomas Nakel Theresa Harten Ronny Völz Anja Hoffmann Rita GroΒ-Hardt University of Bremen Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen(CBIB)Leobenerstrasse 528359 BremenGermany ZMBP University of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 3272076 TübingenGermany

Seed size critically affects grain yield of crops and hence represents a key breeding *** develop-ment of embryo-nourishing endosperm is a key driver of seed *** here report unexpected dual roles of the transcription factor EIN3 in regulating seed *** EIN3 functions have remained largely undiscovered because they oppose each *** on the analysis of multiple ethylene biosynthesis mutants,we demonstrate that EIN3 represses endosperm and seed development in a pathway regulated by ***,in addition,provide evidence that EIN3-mediated synergid nucleus disintegration promotes endosperm ***,synergid nucleus disintegration is not affected in various ethylene biosynthesis mutants,suggesting that this promoting function of EIN3 is inde-pendent of *** the growth-inhibitory ethylene-dependent EIN3 action appears to be encoded by sporophytic tissue,the growth-promoting role of EIN3 is induced by fertilization,revealing a generation conflict that converges toward the key signaling component EIN3.

关键词： seed size EIN3 ethylene biosynthesis fertilization generation conflict synergid disintegration

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Sudden cardiac death caused by myocarditis in persons aged 1-49 years:a nationwide study of 14 294 deaths in Denmark

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第3期4卷 247-256页

作者： thomas Hadberg Lynge Trine Skov Nielsen Bo Gregers Winkel Jacob Tfelt-hansen Jytte Banner Department of Cardiology RigshospitaletDenmarkSection of Forensic PathologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Forensic Medicine Section of Forensic PathologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Forensic Medicine Section of Forensic PathologyCopenhagen UniversityCopenhagenDenmark

Myocarditis is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the ***,Information on nationwide burden of SCD caused by myocarditis (SCD-myocarditis) is *** this study all deaths among persons in Denmark aged 1-35years in 2000-2009 and 36-49years in 2007-2009 (27.1 million person-years) were *** reports,death certificates,discharge summaries,and nationwide registries were used to identify all cases of *** the 10-year study period,there were 14294 deaths,of which we identified 1 363 (10%) *** autopsied SCD (n=753,55%),cause of death was myocarditis in 42 (6%) cases corresponding to an SCD-myocarditis incidence of 0.16 (95%CI: 0.11-0.21) per 100000 *** had significantly higher incidence rates of SCD-myocarditis compared to females with an incidence rate ratio of 2.2 (95%CI:1.1-4.1).Myocarditis was not registered as cause of death In any of the non-autopsied SCD (n=610,45%).In conclusion,after nationwide unselected Inclusion of 14294 deaths,we found that 6% of all autopsied SCD was caused by *** cases of SCD-myocarditis were reported in the non-autopsied SCD,which could reflect underdiagnosing of myocarditis in non-autopsied ***,our data suggest a female protection towards SCDmyocarditis.

关键词： Forensic sciences sudden cardiac death myocarditis autopsy epidemiology gender children young adults

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Is there consensus regarding surgical treatment of bone sarcomas?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2018年第9期9卷 173-179页

作者： thomas Baad-hansen Sarah Stammose Freund Bodil Hammer Bech Johnny Keller Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Aarhus University Hospital Department of Public Health Aarhus University

AIM To perform an Internet based survey on the surgical management of bone sarcomas in the lower extremity amongst sarcoma surgeons. METHODS All orthopedic surgical members of the Scandinavian Sarcoma Group were invited to participate in an online questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of a clinical case involving resection of a malignant bone tumor. Several questions were asked, subdivided into categories. Among these, surgical/technical considerations, e.g., choice of implant; choice of antibiotics, dosage, and duration of treatment, choice of antithrombotic drug, initial start-up, dosage, and duration were *** In terms of choice of implant fixation, the majority of surgeons preferred an uncemented prosthesis in younger patients until the age of 50. All participants administer intravenous prophylactic antibiotics for endoprosthetic reconstructive surgery. First choice of antibiotics was cephalosporin. Less common used was glycopeptide, penicillin, or a combination. Duration of prophylactic antibiotics ranged from less than one day to more than four days. All participants used low molecular weight heparins as antithrombotic prophylaxis and 55% of the participants answered that initial treatment was started preoperatively, 3% perioperatively and 42% postoperatively. Duration of the antithrombotic treatment ranged from five days to more than twenty-eight *** The use of resection prosthesis in the treatment of bone sarcomas is a well-established procedure. However, therse is a significant discrepancy in the surgical treatment algorithm between the sarcoma centers. Still the treatment is mainly based on best clinical practice,due to the lack of evidence-based medicine in the surgical management of bone sarcomas.

关键词： Sarcoma Reconstruction Megaprosthesis Antibiotics Antithrombotic prophylaxis

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Cathepsin D overexpression in the nervous system rescues lethality and Aβ42 accumulation of cathepsin D systemic knockout in vivo

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第10期13卷 4172-4184页

作者： Xiaosen Ouyang Willayat Y.Wani Gloria A.Benavides Matthew J.Redmann Hai vo thomas van Groen Victor M.Darley-Usmar Jianhua Zhang Department of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Birmingham VA Medical Center University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

The lysosome is responsible for protein and organelle degradation and homeostasis and the cathepsins play a key role in maintaining protein quality *** D(CTSD),is one such lysosomal protease,which when deficient in humans lead to neurolipofuscinosis(NCL)and is important in removing toxic protein *** studies demonstrated that CTSD germ-line knockout-CtsdKO(CDKO)resulted in accumulation of protein aggregates,decreased proteasomal activities,and postnatal lethality on Day 26±*** of wildtype CTSD,but not cathepsin B,L or mutant CTSD,decreased a-synuclein toxicity in worms and mammalian *** this study we generated a mouse line expressing human CTSD with a floxed STOP cassette between the ubiquitous CAG promoter and the *** crossing with Nestin-cre,the STOP cassette is deleted in NESTIN+cells to allow CTSD overexpression-CTSDtg(CDtg).The CDtg mice exhibited normal behavior and similar sensitivity to subchronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)induced *** breeding CDtg mice with CDKO mice,we found that over-expression of CTSD extended the lifespan of the CDKO mice,partially rescued proteasomal deficits and the accumulation of Aβ42 in the *** new transgenic mouse provides supports for the key role of CTSD in protecting against proteotoxicity and offers a new model to study the role of CTSD enhancement in vivo.

关键词： Cathepsin D transgenic mouse Mitochondrial bioenergetics Apoptosis Cathepsin D knockout mice Dopamine Autophagy Lysosome Life expectancy Behavior

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Reduction and carburization of iron oxides for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第12期29卷 48-61页

作者： Monia Runge Nielsen Asger Barkholt Moss Anton Simon Bjrnlund Xi Liu Axel Knop-Gericke Alexander YuKlyushin Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt thomas LSheppard Dmitry EDoronkin Anna Zimina thomas Eric Lyck Smitshuysen Christian Danvad Damsgaard Jakob Birkedal Wagner thomas Willum hansen DTU Nanolab Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Department of Physics Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800Kgs.LyngbyDenmark SynCat@Beijing Synfuels China Technology Co.LtdBeijing 101407China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Inorganic Chemistry Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck SocietyD-14195 BerlinGermany Research Group Heterogeneous Reactions.Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion D-45470 MulheimGermany Research Group Catalysis for Energy Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin for Materials and Energy(BESSYⅡ)D-12489 BerlinGermany Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyD-76131 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyD-76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

The activation of iron oxide Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis(FTS) catalysts was investigated during pretreatment: reduction in hydrogen followed by carburization in either CO or syngas mixture, or simultaneously reduction and carburization in syngas. A combination of different complementary in situ techniques was used to gain insight into the behavior of Fe-based FTS catalysts during activation. In situ XRD was used to identify the crystalline structures present during both reduction in hydrogen and carburization. An increase in reduction rate was established when increasing the temperature. A complete reduction was demonstrated in the ETEM and a grain size dependency was proven, i.e. bigger grains need higher temperature in order to reduce. XPS and XAS both indicate the formation of a small amount of carbonaceous species at the surface of the bulk metallic iron during carburization.

关键词： In situ characterization Fischer–Tropsch Catalyst reduction and carburization Iron oxides

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