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Stability and Optimal Control of Tuberculosis Spread with an Imperfect Vaccine in the Case of Co-Infection with HIV

Open Journal of Modelling and Simulation 2019年第2期7卷 97-114页

作者： Leontine Nkague Nkamba thomas timothee manga Noboru Sakamoto Department of Mathematics Higher Teacher Training College University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Deustotech Laboratory Chair of Computational Mathematics University of Deusto Bilbao Spain AIDEPY Association des Ingénieurs Diplomés de l’Ecole Polytechnique de Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Mechatronics Nanzan University Nagoya Japan

This paper focuses on the study and control of a non-linear mathematical epidemic model ( SSvihVELI ) based on a system of ordinary differential equation modeling the spread of tuberculosis infectious with HIV/AIDS coinfection. Existence of both disease free equilibrium and endemic equilibrium is discussed. Reproduction number R0 is determined. Using Lyapunov-Lasalle methods, we analyze the stability of epidemic system around the equilibriums (disease free and endemic equilibrium). The global asymptotic stability of the disease free equilibrium whenever Rvac is proved, where R0 is the reproduction number. We prove also that when R0 is less than one, tuberculosis can be eradicated. Numerical simulations are conducted to approve analytic results. To achieve control of the disease, seeking to reduce the infectious group by the minimum vaccine coverage, a control problem is formulated. The Pontryagin’s maximum principle is used to characterize the optimal control. The optimality system is derived and solved numerically using the Runge Kutta fourth procedure.

关键词： Tuberculosis Basic Reproduction Number Global Stability Prevalence CD4 Cells Immune Deficiency Optimal Control Optimality HIV

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Incidental anal ^18fluorodeoxyglucose uptake:Should we further examine the patient?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第17期8卷 3679-3690页

作者： Anne-Sophie Moussaddaq Charlene Brochard Xavier Palard-Novello Etienne Garin timothee Wallenhorst Eric Le Balc’h Alexandre Merlini L’heritier thomas Grainville Laurent Siproudhis Astrid Lievre Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of RennesPontchaillouRennes 35000France Inphy CIC 1414 University Hospital of Rennes PontchaillouRennes 35000France Department of Nuclear Medicine Cancer Institute Eugène MarquisRennes 35000France Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image-UMR1099 University of RennesInsermRennes 35000France

BACKGROUND There are no studies on incidental anal ^18F-fluorodeoxyglucose(^18FDG)*** To assess the rate and aetiologies of incidental anal ^18FDG uptake and to evaluate the correlation between ^18FDG positron-emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)parameters and the diagnosis of an anorectal *** The data from patients with incidental anal ^18FDG uptake were retrospectively *** who underwent anorectal examinations were identified and compared to those who did not undergo *** who were offered treatment were then identified and compared to those who did not receive *** Among the 43020^18FDG PET/CT scans performed,197^18FDG PET/CT scans of 146 patients(0.45%)reported incidental anal *** the 134 patients included,48(35.8%)patients underwent anorectal examinations,and anorectal diseases were diagnosed in 33(69.0%)of these patients and treated in ^18/48(37.5%)*** the examined patients,those with a pathology requiring treatment had significantly smaller metabolic volumes(MV)30 and MV41 values and higher maximal and mean standardized uptake value measurements than those who did not require *** Incidental anal ^18FDG uptake is rare,but a reliable anorectal diagnosis is commonly obtained when an anorectal examination is *** diagnosis of an anorectal disease induces treatment in more than one-third of the *** data should encourage practitioners to explore incidental anal ^18FDG uptake systematically.

关键词： Incidental anal^18fluorodeoxyglucose uptake Anorectal disease Rare

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An Audit of Constraints and Opportunities in Kenya＇s Livestock Export Value Chain

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第2期4卷 102-120页

作者： Patrick Irungu Peter Ithondeka Esther Wafula Sabenzia Wekesa Hezron Wesonga thomas manga Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nairobi Nairobi 00100 Kenya Department of Veterinary Services Nairobi 00625 Kenya Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARl) Kikuyu 00902 Kenya Foot and Mouth Disease Laboratory Nairobi 00500 Kenya

For a long time Kenya has desired to access lucrative export markets for her livestock products. Although this desire matches the growing global demand for livestock products and increasing interest in livestock products from Kenya by livestock deficient countries, Kenya has not been able to meet the expressed demand. The reasons for this failure have not been sufficiently documented. This study used the value chain approach to assess and document the factors that limit Kenya＇s export trade in livestock. Questionnaire interviews were undertaken with livestock producers, traders, processors and importers. Producers cited livestock diseases, poor roads, drought, livestock theft and insecurity as the main constraints to livestock supply. Livestock traders mentioned high cost and delays in obtaining movement permits, rent-seeking and disturbance by government officials along the stock routes as some of the constraints. Processors on the other hand mentioned Kenya＇s failure to meet the international sanitary requirements. The only importer interviewed indicated that trade restrictions, Kenya＇s inability to control livestock diseases and distance were the main constraints to increased livestock trade with Kenya. Stakeholders in Kenya＇s livestock export value chain should address these and other constraints in order to revitalize this vital sector.

关键词： Livestock export trade value chain analysis Kenya.

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Effect of Incorporation of Chips and Wood Dust Mahogany on Mechanical and Acoustic Behavior of Brick Clay

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2014年第3期2卷 198-208页

作者： Gilbert Ganga timothee Nsongo Hilaire Elenga Bernard Mabiala thomas Tamo Tatsiete Nzonzolo Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique (ENSP) Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Congo Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique (ENSP) Université de Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroun

An experimental study was carried out on bricks using local materials in order to take into account the waste wood management to protect the environment and to reduce the cost of the habitat. Chips and sawdust were built-in clay bricks in order to study their influence on the compressive strength, Young’s modulus and the speed for soundproofing. Testings in compressive strength were made on the parallelepiped clay bricks, stabilized with different percentages of cement, with incorporation to various percentages of sawdust or wood chips (Mahogany), using a universal press. Young’s modulus was measured from the speed of sound by the ultrasonic method. The results obtained show that the incorporation of mahogany tree chips in the stabilized brick at 8% of cement, does not have much effect on the compressive strength. It was found that the incorporation of chips or sawdust on the clay brick, does not improve the compressive strength. The Young’s modulus decreases with increasing content of sawdust and practically remains constant regardless of the content of chips at 4% and 6% of cement. The clay brick mixed with 8% of mahogany sawdust can be an acoustic barrier.

关键词： Effect of Incorporation of Chips and Wood Dust Mahogany on Mechanical and Acoustic Behavior of Brick Clay

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